Suppose a brief pulse of 14CO2 is taken up by a green plant.(a) Trace the 14C label through the steps leading to fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate synthesis, showing which carbon atoms in each compound should carry the label during the first cycle.(b) Will all molecules of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate carry two 14C atoms?Explain.

Suppose a brief pulse of 14CO2 is taken up by a green plant.(a) Trace the 14C label through the steps leading to fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate synthesis, showing which carbon atoms in each compound should carry the label during the first cycle.(b) Will all molecules of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate carry two 14C atoms?Explain.

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter27: Metabolic Integration And Organ Specialization

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 20P: Figure 27.3 illustrates the response of R (ATP-regenerating) and U (ATP-utilizing) enzymes to energy...

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Suppose a brief pulse of 14CO2 is taken up by a green plant.(a) Trace the 14C label through the steps leading to fructose-1, 6-sphosphate synthesis,showing which carbon atoms in each compound shouldcarry the label during the first cycle.(b) Will all molecules of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate carry two 14C atoms?Explain.
If G6P is labeled at its C2 position, where will the label appear in the products of the pentose phosphate pathway?
Draw a simple diagram that shows the connection between the Entner-Doudoroff pathway and the Embden-Meyerhof pathway and the connection between the pentose phosphate pathway and the Embden-Meyerhof pathway
Glucose labeled with C13 at carbon #1 is fed to cells undergoing glycolysis and fermentation to lactate. Which carbon on the lactate molecule will contain the C13 label? Will all of the lactate produced have the label? Would the answer be the same if galactose was fed to the same cells with C13 at C#1?
As you know Penicillin is produced biosynthetically from cysteine and valine. If thebiosynthetic pathway could accept different amino acids, why do you think penicillin analogsare not formed during the fermentation process, with different amino acids is used?
Figure 27.3 illustrates the response of R (ATP-regenerating) and U (ATP-utilizing) enzymes to energy charge. a. Would hexokinase be an R enzyme or a U enzyme? Would glutamine: PRPP amidotransferase, the second enzyme in purine biosynthesis, be an R enzyme or a U enzyme? b. If energy charge = 0.5: Is the activity of hexokinase high or low? Is ribose-5-P pyrophosphokinase activity high or low? c. If energy charge = 0.95: Is the activity of hexokinase high or low? Is ribose-5-P pyrophosphokinase activity high or low?
Suppose there is a glycolytic-like pathway carried out by an alien species that uses analogous enyzme mechanisms to convert an 8-carbon sugar (① see structure below) to two 4 carbon fragments and then to a pyruvate analog. If the interconversion of the isomeric sugars ② and ③ is a reversible reaction similar to interconversion of glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate in glycolysis, draw the mechanism for the conversion of ③ to ② (reverse of the direction shown below) using the mechanism of phosphoglucoisomerase as your model. (Just skip the steps that lead to the ring opening/closing of glucose or fructose since this sugar is found in its open chain form).
If the pyruvate is labelled with 14C at its carbonyl carbon, how many rounds of the TCA cycle are required before 14CO2 is released?
What are the main functions of the pentose phosphate pathway? Why do different mammalian tissues require different regulations of the pentose phosphate pathway?
What is the stoichiometry of the synthesis of (a) ribose 5-phosphate from glucose 6-phosphate without the concomitant generation of NADPH? (b) NADPH from glucose 6- phosphate without the concomitant formation of pentose sugars?
In the pentose phosphate pathway reaction that produces subtrate used for nucleiuc acid synthesis, what are the substrates products, enzyme, and intermediate used for the mechanism?
Write a balanced equation for the synthesis of PRPP from glucose through the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway.