Suppose it were possible to label glucose with "C at any position or combination of positions. For yeast fermenting glucose to ethanol, which form or forms of labeled glucose would give the most radioac- tivity in CO, and the least in ethanol?
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- How many moles of each substrate (a-h in the given figure) are formed during the aerobic metabolism of a glucose molecule? and why is that? ty.If, in addition to the constraints on glucose concentration listed previously, we have in the liver cell ATP concentration = 5 mM and ADP concentration = 5 mM , what is the theoretical concentration of glucose-6-phosphate at equilibrium at pH=7.4 and 37 ∘C ? Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units. Please type answer note write by hend.Hexokinase is an important enzyme in the metabolism of glucose. If theconcentration of hexokinase in our eukaryotic cell is 20 μM, how many glucose molecules are present per hexokinase molecule?
- In the reaction ATP + glucose → ADP + glucose-6-phosphate, ΔG° is -16.7 kJ/mol. Assume that both ATP and ADP have a concentration of 1 M and T = 25°C. What ratio of glucose-6- phosphate to glucose would allow the reverse reaction to occur?The activity of an enzyme requires a glutamic acid to display its -COOHfunctional group in the protonated state. Suppose the pKa of the -COOHgroup is 4.07.(a) Will the enzyme be more active at pH 3.5 or 4.5? Explain.(b) What fraction of the enzymes will be active at pH = 4.07? Explain.(c) At what pH will the enzyme show 78% of maximal activity?Can the carbons in ketones be metabolized and wind up in a glucose monosaccharide? If yes, using merely the information presented in class, outline a possible metabolic route for these carbons. If no, explain why not.
- Write a balanced chemical equation for the fermentation of one glucose molecule in starch to ethanol, with the initial cleavage involving α-amylase.Which carbon(s) of glucose could be labelled with carbon-14 label in order to have the label end up at carbon-2 in 3-phosphoglycerate during glycolysis? Justify your answer using structures. Since this question is for practice, show ALL STRUCTURES involved from glucose to 3-phosphoglycerate, inclusive. No need to provide mechanisms; cofactors; names; etc. but please show the arrows appropriately as being an equilibrium or irreversible (one-way or two-way arrow). If necessary one- or two-word explanations can be includedLactic Acid (shown below) is built up in the body during intense workouts as a result of glycolysis. Please denote if the compound is R or S. Also, explain at least two intermolecular forces it would exhibit. Would you expect this compound to be soluble in water?
- When glucose is reduced, only one alditol is produced.When fructose undergoes the same reaction, however,two diasteriomeric sugars are produced. Draw theirstructures.Assume that you have a solution of 0.1 M glucose 6-phosphate. To this solution you add the enzyme phosphoglucomutase, which catalyzes the reaction: glucose-6-P ⇔ glucose-1-P ∆G°′ = +1.7 kJ/mol (a) Does this reaction proceed at all as written at 25 °C, and if so, what are the final concentrations of glucose 6-P and glucose 1-P? (b) What effect would omitting the enzyme have on the reaction. Be specific. (c) Under what cellular conditions, if any, would this reaction continuously produce glucose 1-P at a high rate?The oxidation of 1 mol of glucose supplies enough metabolic energy to form 36 mol of ATP. Oxidation of 1 mol of a typical dietary fat like tristearin (C57H116O6) yields enough energy toform 458 mol of ATP. How many molecules of ATP can form per gram of (a) glucose; (b) tristearin?