Suppose a war breaks out and there Is a need to expand capacity in an Industry of strategic importance. The industry is currently a monopoly. With reference to relevant concepts and literature, discuss whether the government should encourage new firms to supply the additional capacity or whether the existing monopolist should be subsidised. Clearly justify your conclusions.
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- Classify the following as a government-enforced barrier to entry, a banker to entry that is not government-enforced, or a situation that does not involve a barrier to entry. A patented invention A popular but easily copied restaurant recipe An industry where economies of scale are very small compared to the size of demand in the market A well-established reputation for slashing prices in response to new entry A well-respected brand name that has been carefully built up over many yearsReturn to Figure 9.2. Suppose P0 is 10 and P1 is 11. Suppose a new firm with the same LRAC curve as the incumbent tries to bleak into the market by selling 4,000 units of output. Estimate from the graph what the new firms average cost of producing output would be. If the incumbent continues. to produce 6,000 units, how much output would the two films supply to the market? Estimate what would happen to the market price as a result of the supply of both the incumbent firm and the new entrant. Approximately how much profit would each firm earn? Figure 9.2 Economics of Scale and Natural MonoployFor many years, the Justice Department has tried to break up large firms like IBM,Microsoft, and most recently Google, on the grounds that their large market share madethem essentially monopolies. In a global market, where U.S. firms compete with firms fromother countries, would this policy make the same sense as it might in a purely domesticcontext?
- Isabella runs an IT solutions business for her college peers and has only one competitor, Franco.Isabella and Franco have decided to collude andprovide monopoly-level output. Given that theyare both freshmen and intend to run their businesses for the next three years, is this agreementsustainable? Would your answer change if Francoknew he planned to transfer to another collegenext year?I need help with econ multiple hw questions asap! 95) Which of these situations produces the largest profits for oligopolists? A. They produce a quantity of output that lies between the competitive outcome and the monopoly outcome B. They reach the monopoly outcome. C. They reach a Nash equilibrium. D. They reach the competitive outcome. 94) Refer to the attached Table 5. When this game reaches a Nash equilibrium, what will the value of trade flow benefits be? A. Canada $35 and Mexico $285 B. Canada $140 and Mexico $275 C. Canada $65 and Mexico $75 D. Canada $130 and Mexico $5Many schemes for price discrintination involve somecosL For example, discount coupons take up the timeand resources of both the buyer and the seller. Thisquestion considers the implications of costly pricediscrimination. To keep things simple, let's assumethat our monopolist's production costs arc simplyproportional to output so that average total cost andmarginal cost arc constant and equal to each other.CHAPTER 15 MONOPOLY 317a. Draw the cost., demand, and marginal-revenuecurves for the monopolist. Show the pricethe monopolist would charge without pricediscrimination.b. ln your diagram, mark the area equal to the mernopolist's prolit and call it X. Mark the area equalto consumer surplus and call it Y. Mark the areaequal to the deadweight loss and call it Z.c. Now suppose that the monopolist can perfectlyprice discriminate. What is the monopolist'sprofit? (Give your answer in terms of X, Y, and Z.)d. What is the change in the monopolist's prolit fromprice discrimination? What is the…
- A large share of the world supply of diamondscomes from Russia and South Africa. Suppose thatthe marginal cost of mining diamonds is constant at$1,000 per diamond and the demand for diamonds isdescribed by the following schedule:Price Quantity$8,000 5,000 diamonds7,000 6,0006,000 7,0005,000 8,0004,000 9,0003,000 10,0002,000 11,0001,000 12,000a. If there were many suppliers of diamonds, whatwould be the price and quantity?b. If there were only one supplier of diamonds, whatwould be the price and quantity?c. If Russia and South Africa formed a cartel, whatwould be the price and quantity? If the countriessplit the market evenly, what would be SouthAfrica’s production and profit? What wouldhappen to South Africa’s profit if it increased itsproduction by 1,000 while Russia stuck to thecartel agreement?d. Use your answers to part (c) to explain why cartelagreements are often not successful.Firms J and K produce compact-disc players and compete againstone another. Each firm can develop either an economy player (E)or a deluxe player (D). According to the best available marketresearch, the firms’ resulting profits are given by the accompanyingpayoff table.a. The firms make their decision independently, and each is seeking itsown maximum profit. Is it possible to make a confident predictionconcerning their actions and the outcome? Explain.Firm KE DE 30, 55 50, 60 Firm JD 40, 75 25, 50b. Suppose that firm J has a lead in development and so can move first.What action should J take, and what will be K’s response?c. What will be the outcome if firm K can move first?Are the following questions true or false? (A). A profit‐maximizing monopolist will produce output where marginal cost is equal to price(B). Suppose we know that a monopolist is maximizing profits. The monopolist has maximizedthe difference between marginal revenue and marginal cost.(C) In perfect competition, MUX = PX is the condition that ensures that firms produce the rightthings.(D). A monopoly earns total revenue of $5000 when it sells 500 units of output and totalrevenue of $5400 when it sells 600 units of output. Thus, the marginal revenue of the600th unit is $9.(E). We call a market where there is only one buyer for a good or service a monopoly.(F). There are a few firms selling differentiated products in a monopolistically competitiveindustry.(G). When a demand curve is a downward sloping straight line, the slope of the marginalrevenue curve is twice as steep as the demand curve.(H). The monopolistʹs profit-maximizing price will be above marginal cost, because at the…
- A social cost is applied to the monopolist market structure. Why does thisoccur? If the gains producers achieve from being a monopolist are provided toconsumers, would the social cost of the monopolist be eliminated?Imagine that the Australian national rugby union has exclusive rights to organize the games played by the national team. Rugby AU decides that the next match, between the Wallabies and the All Blacks, will be hosted at the Marvel Stadium in Melbourne. Rugby AU has no fixed costs for organizing the game, but it must pay a marginalcost MC of $20 per seat to the owners of the Marvel Stadium. Two types of tickets will be sold or the game: concession and full fare. Based on any official document that attests to their age, children and pensioners qualify to purchase concession tickets that offer a discounted price; everyone else pays the full fare. The demand for full-fare tickets is QF(P) = 120 – 2P. The demand for concession tickets is QC(P) = 80 – 2P. Q)Suppose that Rugby AU becomes unable to verify the age of its customers; thus, the formerly distinct full fare and concessional ticket markets must be combined/merged in one single market. First, write the equation of the merged demand and…Imagine any market divided by 2 Cournot oligopolists who have identical costs Marginal cost = Average cost = 200. About this market, ask yourself: a) If the demand curve for this market is given by Q = 1250 - 2.5P, where Q is the total quantity demanded in the market and P is the selling price, both given in units, what is the reaction curve of the oligopolists? b) What will be the quantity produced and the selling price of the oligopolists? c) A strategist considers that a good marketing campaign would be able to expand the Demand of this market to Q = 1,500 - 2.5P and that in this way, oligopolists could produce the same amount and make significantly greater profits. Such a campaign would generate a reduction in profits in the order of 70,000. Is it worth making this investment in marketing?