Suppose living organisms were to be found on Mars. How might such a nd shed light on the origin and evolution of life on Earth? • Besides mitochondria and chloroplasts, what other kinds of entities with cells might have evolved from endosymbionts? • What might be the advantages of flagellar motility for a hyperthermophil living in a thermal spring or in a black smoker vent? What would be the advantages of growth in a biofilm? Why would yeasts remain unicellular? What are the relative advantages and limitations of hyphae? Why does ruminant fermentation leave food value for the animal host?

Suppose living organisms were to be found on Mars. How might such a nd shed light on the origin and evolution of life on Earth? • Besides mitochondria and chloroplasts, what other kinds of entities with cells might have evolved from endosymbionts? • What might be the advantages of flagellar motility for a hyperthermophil living in a thermal spring or in a black smoker vent? What would be the advantages of growth in a biofilm? Why would yeasts remain unicellular? What are the relative advantages and limitations of hyphae? Why does ruminant fermentation leave food value for the animal host?

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter23: Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13TYU

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Tell whether the statement is true or false. 1. The endosymbiont hypothesis state that prokaryotes evolved into eukaryotic cells 2. Eukaryotes contain organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplast 3. Organisms develop by a process known as spontaneous generation 4. Bacteria is an example of prokaryoric cwll 5. Prokaryote is a type of cell that has no nucleus and no cell membrane but has cytoplasm
1a: The Theory of Endosymbiosis proposes the origin of both mitochondria and chloroplasts in modern photosynthesizing eukaryotic cells. What was proposed to have occurred in the evolution of these two organelles? Select all that apply. a. Mitochondria are part of the endomembrane system and as such created by infoldings of the plasma membrane. b. Photosynthetic cells were engulfed (ingested) by the host cell. c. Chloroplasts are part of the endomembrane system and as such created by infoldings of the plasma membrane. d. Aerobic bacteria were engulfed (ingested) by the host cell. 1b: Which statement is not true of mitochondria and chloroplasts? Select one: a. Both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain DNA. b. Mitochondria are only found in animal cells, and chloroplasts are only found in plant cells. c. Ribosomes are present in both mitochondria and chloroplasts. d. They grow and divide independently in the cell. 1c: Which if the following apply to lysosomes? Select one or…
Chemolithrophs near hydrothermal vents support a variety of other life forms there. Explain now their role is analogous to that of photosynthetic organisms in the terrestrial environment.
Molecular fossils further indicate the presence of ciliates and dinoflagellates in the emerging eukaryotic world and show that algae were expanding to become major photosynthesizers in the oceans. How can we explain this diversification?
What can MAR-FISH tell you that FISH alone cannot?How might you combine SIP and NanoSIMS toidentify novel methane-consuming cells in anatural community?
Visit: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ML6sCOcv9M8 1. Explain the differences between cilia and flagella noting the length and abundance of each. How do these differences contribute to the varied motility of each group? 2. Think about the two different trophic mechanisms of each group (mixotrophy vs heterotrophy). How do you think cilia and flagella are related to trophic mechanisms of these two groups?
.Answer the following question briefly but concisely 1. What aspect of a cell's physical makeup increases gradually as it gets smaller? 2. How could Bacteria and Archaea's tiny size and haploid genome hasten their evolution? 3. How small a cell can get? Justify. 4. If a bacterial cell was enclosed in a capsule, could it do without a cell wall? Why, or why not? 5. Why can gram-negative sulfur-oxidizing chemolithotrophs store sulfur but gram-positive bacteria cannot?
Explain 5 pieces of evidence that support the endosymbiotic theory of origin to the energy organelles within Eukaryotes (i.e.mitochondria and chloroplasts).
Think about the conditions (temperature, light, pressure, and organic and inorganic materials) that you may find in a deep-sea hydrothermal vent. What type of prokaryotes, in terms of their metabolic needs (autotrophs, phototrophs, chemotrophs, etc.), would you expect to find there?
Compare photo litho autotrophy with chemo-organo heterotrophy. Sun light is the ultimate source of energy and all living organisms obtain their energy directly or indirectly from the sun. However in deep-sea vents (where there is no sun light) life has originated and the many groups of microorganisms are flourishing in such environment. How? Explain your reasoning
Describe the Theory of Endosymbiosis. a) Briefly define the Endosymbiotic Theory. 2 pts,b) Explain why the Theory of Endosymbiosis is considered a “theory” and not a “hypothesis.” 3 pts,c) Provide a description of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, including at least 4 similarities and 4 structural differences. 4 pts,d) Describe the sequence of events with anaerobic ancestral proto-eukaryotes and aerobic prokaryotes that led to the formation of mitochondria and chloroplasts inside eukaryotic cells. (Be sure to define aerobic and anaerobic respiration.) 6 pts,e) Explain how each, the anaerobic ancestral proto-eukaryotes and aerobic prokaryotes, benefited from the relationship. 4 pts,f) Describe 7 pieces of evidence for this scientific theory. Some of this evidence will consist of a list of similarities between mitochondria characteristics and bacteria characteristics. Along with this list of similarities, explain HOW the characteristics are similar. 10 pts,g) The Endosymbiotic Theory…
Ichthyophthirius multifiliis - the etiologic agent of "ich". Life Cycle What role do each of the following play? Organelle of Lieberkunn perforatorium mucocyst