Suppose you do an experiment in which you add to the inhibited culture (i.e.,phosphoglucose isomerase is inhibited) the glucose shown below that is labeled with ¹³℃ at C3 and14C at C4 as the sole carbon source (i.e., in this experiment the labeled glucose is the only nutrient).HO.14COHНО13COHOH(a) Is ¹4CO₂ produced under these conditions? If so, what percentage of the total CO₂produced is ¹4CO₂?(b) Is ¹3CO₂ produced under these conditions? If so, what percentage of the total CO₂produced is ¹3CO₂?(c) Assume the only source of ethanol is the labeled glucose. Draw the various labeledethanol molecules that are produced under the conditions described above. Clearly showwhere ¹³C and ¹4C appear in each of the different ethanol molecules.(d) What is the expected yield of ATP/glucose under these conditions (i.e., anaerobic,phosphoglucose isomerase is inhibited, and all glucose is converted to ethanol asdescribed above). Explain your reasoning.

In animal tissues, glucose has two possible fates: be oxidised into carbon dioxide and water by…

Answered: Suppose you do an experiment in which…

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter20: Electron Transport And Oxidative Phosphorylation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7P

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Figure 27.3 illustrates the response of R (ATP-regenerating) and U (ATP-utilizing) enzymes to energy charge. a. Would hexokinase be an R enzyme or a U enzyme? Would glutamine: PRPP amidotransferase, the second enzyme in purine biosynthesis, be an R enzyme or a U enzyme? b. If energy charge = 0.5: Is the activity of hexokinase high or low? Is ribose-5-P pyrophosphokinase activity high or low? c. If energy charge = 0.95: Is the activity of hexokinase high or low? Is ribose-5-P pyrophosphokinase activity high or low?
Based on your residing of this chapter, what would you expect to be the most immediate effect oil glycolysis, if the steady-state concentration of gJucose-6-P were 8.3 mM instead of 0.083 mM?
If radio-labeled C-2 of glucose is used for glycolysis and alcoholic fermentation, which carbon in the final product(s) is labeled? Please write all steps of glycolysis and alcoholic fermentation, and explain the trace of the radio-labeled carbon in all the key steps (i.e. which carbon is labeled in FBP, DHAP/GAP, and pyruvate).
Glucose labelled with at carbon 6 was fed to mice that were using the oxidative brarch of the pentose phosphate pathway. List all of the products of the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway and circle the product that contains the radiolabeled carbon.
Choose the correct answer from the options in brackets. The [positive/negative] standard free‑energy change favors the oxidation of succinate by covalently‑bound FAD. This is consistent with K′eq [ >1 / =1 / <1 ]. Oxidation by NAD+ would require a large, [positive/negative] standard free‑energy change, with K′eq favoring the synthesis of succinate.
When ATP and xylose are added to hexokinase, the enzyme produces a small amount of xylose-5-phosphate along with a large amount of ADP. How does this observation support the induced fit model?
Which of the following intermediates of the TCA cycle has 5 carbons? (Hint: You don't need to have memorized specific structures for this question, just recall what molecules the TCA cycle starts with and where in the cycle carbons are lost as CO2 ). a) Fumarate b) None of the above c) Succinyl CoA d) Citrate e) Oxaloacetate
Suppose that you made some wine whose alcohol content was 10% w/v(i.e., 10 g of ethanol per 100 mL of wine). The initial fermentation mixture would have had to contain what molar concentration of glucose or its equivalent to generate this much ethanol? Is it likely that an initial fermentationmixture would contain that much glucose? In what other forms might thefermentable carbon appear?
The standard reduction potential for ubiquione (A or coenzyme Q) is .045 V, and the standard reduciton potential (E) for FAD is -0.219 V. Using these values, show that the oxidation for FADH2 by ubiquinone theoretically liberates enough energy to drive the synthesis of ATP. Faraday constant =96.48KJ/Vol delta G' standard for ATP Synthesis is +30.5 KJ/mol R=8.314 J/mol K=1.987 cal/mol K
When the cells of our body are in dire need to synthesize Ribose 5 phosphate and it has already enough supply of NADPH, reverse non oxidative pathway of the HMP shunt pathway takes place. If the cell has 10 glucose 6 phosphate molecules, how many of these would be converted to Fructose 6 phosphate and how many to form glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate respectively to synthesize maximum number of Ribose 5 phosphate? 8:2 2:8 4:6 6:4
The Beutler test is used to diagnose GALT (UDP-glucose uridyltransferase) deficiency in infants. Blood from the heel is spotted onto filter paper and the spot is then subjected to an enzyme assay. Galactose 1-phosphate, NADP+ and UDP-glucose are added as substrates to the dried blood. The increase in absorbance at 340nm is measured over time which corresponds to reduction of NADP+ to NADPH . The amount of GALT activity in the blood of patients is therefore measured by stoichiometric relationship to the amount of NADPH produced from NADP+. However, GALT does not directly reduce NADP+ as you can see in the above diagram. Instead, the glucose 1-phosphate product from this reaction is shuttled into the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway by enzymes also present in RBCs. Which three (or possibly more if you must) enzymes downstream of GALT allow for quantitative correlation of a product of GALT with the appearance of NADPH? What is the stoichiometric relationship…
The O2-consumption curve of a dilute, well-buff ered suspension of mito chondria containing an excess of ADP and Pi takes the following form: Sketch the curves obtained when (a) amytal is added at time t = 1 and (b) amytal is added at t = 1 and succinate is added at t = 2.

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