The constant annual operating costs of a small machine are expected to be $150,000 for the next four years. The annual inflation -free rate of interest will be 4% and the annual inflation rate is 8%. What is the present equivalent of its operating costs? Solve using: a) Constant-dollar analysis. b) Actual-dollar analysis
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- A father wants to save in advance for his eight-year-old daughter's college expenses. The daughter will enter the college 10 years from now. An annual amount of $20,000 in today's dollars (constant dollars) will be required to support her college expenses for four years. Assume that these college payments will be made at the beginning of each school year. (The first payment occurs at the end of 10 years.) The future general inflation rate is estimated to be 5% per year, and the interest rate on the savings account will be 8% compounded quarterly (market interest rate) during this period. If the father has decided to save only $500 (actual dollars) each quarter, how much will the daughter have to borrow to cover her freshman expenses? A. $2,683 B. $3,128 C. $2,377 D. $1,895A father wants to save for his eight-year-old son's college expenses. The son will enter college 10 years from now. An annual amount of $40,000 in constant dollars will be required to support the son's college expenses for four years. Assume that these college payments will be made at the beginning of each school year. The future general inflation rate is estimated to be 6% per year, and the market interest rate on the savings account will average 8% compounded annually.(a) What is the amount of the son's freshman-year expense in terms of actual dollars?(b) What is the equivalent single-sum amount at the present time for these college expenses?(c) What is the equal amount, in actual dollars, the father must save each year until his son goes to college?Your department is budgeting miscellaneous expenses for the next 5 years. Your best guess at the annual inflation rate is 3.9% and the combined MARR is 15%. Expenses currently run $14,500 per year. Assume that expenses are end-of-year payments. Solve, a. Determine the then-current dollar amounts for years 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. b. Determine the constant-dollar amount for years 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. c. Determine the PW of the then-current-dollar amounts. d. Determine the PW of the constant dollar amounts.
- A series of five constant-dollar (or real-dollar)payments (beginning with $5,000 at the end of thefirst year) are increasing at the rate of 7% per year.Assume that the average general inflation rate is 5%and the market interest rate is 12% during this inflationary period. What is the equivalent present worthof the series?A father wants to save in advance for his eight-year-old daughter's collegeexpenses. The daughter will enter the college 10 years from now. An annualamount of $20,000 in today's dollars (constant dollars) will be required to support her college expenses for four years. Assume that these college payments will be made at the beginning of each school year. (The first payment occurs at the end of 10 years.) The future general inflation rate is estimated to be 5% per year, and the interest rate on the savings account will be 8% compounded quarterly (market interest rate) during this period. If the father has decided to save only $500 (actual dollars) each quarter, how much will the daughter have to borrow to cover her freshman expenses?(a) $1,920(b)$2,114(c) $2,210(d)$2,377J 7 Q1. An economy is experiencing inflation at an annual rate of 5.6%. If this continues, what will a P500 bill in 2008 be worth in 2020 in terms of 2008s Peso value? Q2. Krista deposits P20,000 in a bank account at 4.4% compounded quarterly for 5 years. If the inflation rate of 5% per year continues for this period, calculate the purchasing power of the original principal.
- Merry Industries is considering a new piece of equipment for a project lasting 10 years with details as shown below. The costs and benefits are expected to keep increasing with the inflation rate even when a new machine is put into operation. Taking these into account, what is the annual worth that the company can expect from the machine? Initial cost $65,000 MARR 12% p y c y Inflation rate 3% p y c y Life 7 years Project life 10 years Machine value today with life of 3 years $24,500 Machine value today with life of 7 years $13,500 First year costs $7,200 First year benefits $25,800A small heat pump now costs $2,500 to purchase and install. It has a projected useful life of years and will incur annual maintenance costs of $75 per year in real (year-zero) dollars over the useful life. These costs are projected to increase at %4 per year, which is the expected general inflation rate. The annual cost of electricity for the heat pump is $700 in year-zero dollars. Electricity prices are projected to increase at an annual rate of %9. The firm's MARR, which includes an allowance for general price inflation, is %18 per year (im). No market value is expected from the heat pump at the end of the 12 years of service life. a. What is the PW of owning and operating the heat pump? The PW is $-------- enter your response here. (Round to the nearest dollar.)b. (i) What is the AW, expressed in actual dollars, of owning and operating the heat pump? The AW is $------- enter your response here. (Round to the nearest dollar.) (ii) What is…Labor costs over a 4-year period have been forecast in thencurrent dollars as follows: $10,000, $12,000, $15,000, and $17,500. The general inflation rate for the 4 years is forecast to be 5%. Determine the constant-dollar labor costs for each of the 4 years.
- Find the cost of each item in five years, assuming a constant inflation rate of 9% E.) HD TV set, $1600 F.) Small car, $19,000 G.) Large car, $28,000A# man# is# planning# to# retire# in# 20# years.# He# can# deposit# money# for# his# retirement# at# 8%# compounded# monthly.# It# is# estimated# that# the# future# general# inflation# (!)# rate# will# be# 3%# compounded#monthly.#What#deposit,#in# terms#of#constant#dollars, must#be#made#each#month#until# the#man#retires#so#that#he#can#make#annual#withdrawals#of#$20,000,#in#terms#of#actual dollars,#over# the#15#years#following#his#retirement?#(Assume#that#his#first#withdrawal#occurs#at#the#end#of#the#first# year after#his#retirement.)Due to the integrated nature of their capital markets, investors in both the U.S. and U.K. require the same real interest rate, 3.2%, on their lending. There is a consensus in capital markets that the annual inflation rate is likely to be 2.1% in the U.S. and 3.6% in the U.K. for the next three years. The GBP/USD rate is currently 1.3081. What is your expected future spot for GBP/USD three years from now? (X.XXXX)