The convergence hypothesis states that: a. technology levels between countries eventually converge b. given similar steady state levels of per capita capital, countries' per capita incomes eventually converge c. countries with relatively low per capita capital stocks converge slowly to steady state levels of per capita income d. given similar steady state levels of per capita capital, countries' incomes eventually converge
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The convergence hypothesis states that:
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- A) Suppose there are two countries that are identical in every way with the following exception: Country A has a higher saving rate than country B. Given this information, we know with certainty that A) Country A will experience capital widening b) growth rate of output per sopita in the steady state is same in two countries c) K/N is higher in country B d) growth rate of output per capita in the steady state is higher in country A B) When expectations are taken into account, a policy to reduce budget deficit may not lead to a fall in output in the current period. Which of the followings cannot be listed as factor that offsets the detrimental impact of fiscal contraction on the output in the short run? a) Increasing tax rates harshly to finance deficit. b) Credibility of the deficit reduction program. c) Cutting wasteful spending and leaving room for future tax cuts. d) Backloading the deficit reduction, leaving larger cuts in government spending to the future while only small cuts…Assume that a leader country has real GDP per capita of $40,000, whereas a follower country has real GDP per capita of $20,000. Next suppose that the growth of real GDP per capita falls to zero percent in the leader country and rises to 2 percent in the follower country. If these rates continue for long periods of time, how many years will it take for the follower country to catch up to the living standard of the leader country?Consider Romer Model 2. Suppose there are two countries, rich and poorone. Both countries have the same population size, L and the same knowledgegeneration productivity parameter, z. At the beginning, time 0, the rich countryhas more knowledge stock than the poor one, Ar0 > Ap0, where subscript labelstime and superscript labels country being rich or poor. However, the fractionof researchers in poor country is larger than the one in rich country, ̄lp > ̄lr .Question 4 Part aIn which country, would you prefer to live in the short-run? How about in thelong-run?How long would it take for the poor country to reach rich one’s per capitaoutput level? Show your results analytically and graphically as well. (If you pre-fer solving this question numerically by assigning values to the above parametersand variables, feel free to do so
- Suppose that two countries are exactly alike in every respect except that capital depreciates at afaster rate in Country A than in Country B due to harsh climate conditions. In which country willthe Golden Rule level of capital per worker be higher? Illustrate graphically.Orthodox or conventionaleconomists say that to address unequal growth between the rich and the poor, the world economy needs to grow Do you agree with this idea? Why or why not? Whatdoes the term “de-develop” mean? Is it a positive or a negative idea? Explain your According to investopdia.com,a steady-state economy is an economy structured to balance growth with environmental integrity, seeking to find an equilibrium between production growth and population growth. This type of economy aims for the efficient use of natural resources but also seeks a fair distribution of the wealth generated from the development of those resources. Is this type of economy more plausible than continued, unlimited economic growth? Why or why not? How can humanity possibly find a balance between economic growth and social justice?(a). Provide a definition of ‘technological capability’ and ‘social capability’ and describe the differences between them. Why can we say that innovation has a ‘systemic’ nature? (b). Financial development, social capital, favourable business regulation, trade openness are different aspects of ‘social capability’ influencing innovation processes and, therefore, economic development. Make a ranking of these factors according to their observed degree of importance for economic development. Explain why ‘inclusiveness’ and ‘equality in opportunities’ can strengthen the innovation capability of an economy. (c). Figure 1 below shows the cross-country correlation between the development of the education system and the level of economic development. Analyse Figure 1 by arguing about the importance of the education system for economic development in low, emerging, and developed countries. Please answer all the parts of this question.
- In 1998, Brazil had a per capita GDP of about $4,500, compared to per capita GDP of about $28,000 in the US. (A) If per capita growth were to average 2% per year indefinitely in the US and 5% per year in Brazil, how many years would it take Brazil to catch up with the US? (B) Using the assumptions of the Cobb-Douglas production function, how fast would capital stock have to grow for per capita GDP to rise 5% per year? How does that compare with capital stock growth of 3% per year in the US (assume technology advances 1% per year in both countries)? (C) In mature industrialized societies, the capital/output ratio is approximately 3.0. If the average depreciation rate is 0.04, what would be the current saving and investment ratio in the US? What would it be in Brazil if per capita GDP rose 5% per year?a. In addition to investment in physical and human capital, what other public policies might a country adopt to increase productivity? b. Compare and contrast the population theories of Malthus and Kremer.Consider a steady-state equilibrium in the model of Section 14.4. Suppose that κ = 0 and G’ (0) ∗ ≡ G’−1 ((1− λ)/ρ), and suppose also that (a) Show that in this case the steady-state equilibrium has zero growth. (b) Show that κ > 0 leads to a positive growth rate. Interpret this result, and contrast it to the negative effects of relaxing the protection of IPR in the baseline model of Schumpeterian growth.
- if a country does not have a large endowment of natural resources then they cannot achieve sustained economic growth true of false?Suppose we started out at the steady state capital stock in the basic Solow growth model (see graph a few questions ago). If there subsequently were an increase in the demand for loanable funds due to more favorable tax treatment of business investment, ceteris paribus (i.e., holding other factors constant, including no shift in the supply of loanable funds), then as we move to the new steady state over time we would expect to see Group of answer choices A) economic growth rates turn negative as we move toward the new steady state and the nation’s capital stock to decrease from its current level. B) economic growth rates turn positive as we move toward the new steady state and the nation’s capital stock to decrease from its current level. C) economic growth rates turn positive as we move toward the new steady state and the nation’s capital stock to grow from its current level. D) economic growth rates turn negative as we move toward the new steady state and the nation’s…Discuss to the citizens the endogenous growth model and justify to them if it has any relevance to the third world economies.