The conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA involves an oxidative decarboxylation. Correct the path of the electrons through this mechanism: Pyruvate -> NAD -> lipoamide -> FAD -> TPP
Q: Each cycle of beta (β)-oxidation produces a. 1 FADH2, 1 NADH, and 2 CO2 molecules b. 1 FADH2, 1…
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Q: If a person is starving for a prolonged time, an excessive build up of Acetyl CoA ultimately leads…
A: Acetyl Co-A can be synthesized during starvation from either amino acids or fatty acids. The end…
Q: A deficiency in which of the following B vitamins would NOT directly impact the ability of cells to…
A: Deficiencies in all of the above would directly impact the ability of cells to convert pyruvate into…
Q: How many ATP can be made from one molecule of the following? Explain how this is done. Acetyl-CoA…
A: Cellular respiration is the process in which energy stored in the chemical form in the biomolecules…
Q: A Acetyl group combines with coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA B Citrate is formed Hydrogen atoms are…
A: The given data is related to aerobic respiration. Which includes following steps: Glycolysis (…
Q: If oxidation of acetyl-CoA yields 10 ATPS per mole through the citric acid cycle, how many ATPS will…
A: Amino acids catabolism can either be done to produce urea by removal of α-amino groups or to form…
Q: Not all of the acetyl-CoA from the mitochondria is carboxylated to malonyl-CoA because some are used…
A: Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell. Acetyl CoA cannot cross the mitochondrial membrane.…
Q: The citric acid cycle is a critical sequence of reactions for energy production, which take place in…
A: Citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle or TCA cycle is the second major process that occurs after the…
Q: How many ATP molecules result from the processing of 10 acetyl CoA molecule through the common…
A: Glucose is metabolized through the glycolytic pathway, whose end product is the three carbon…
Q: Pyruvate is converted to Acetyl-CoA a. Through oxidative carboxylation process in the cytoplasm b.…
A: Aerobic respiration refers to the process in which glucose is converted to produce chemical energy…
Q: '. If oxidation of acetyl-CoA yields 10 ATPS per mole through the cit- ric acid cycle, how many ATPS…
A: Acetyl-CoA is generated either by oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate from glycolysis, which…
Q: Upon considering the complete oxidation of one mole of fatty acyl (CoA) of an arachidic acid (20:0).…
A: Beta-oxidation of fatty acid was the catabolic process of long-chain fatty acid that involves the…
Q: Which of the following is incorrect about the fifth step (conversion of succinyl-CoA, GDP, and Pi to…
A: Citric acid cycle also known as kreb cycle or TRICARBOXYLIC ACID cycle. Net result of TCA cycle is…
Q: (a) Indicate the steps involved in its oxidation to acetyl-CoA and/or other products (NADH, FADH2,…
A: Beta oxidation of FA is a metabolism of FA which is a cyclic process and at each step one…
Q: How many ATP molecules would be generated if an 8-carbon fatty acid were metabolized solely by the…
A: Triacylglycerols are cleaned to fatty acids and glycerols by lipases before they are used for…
Q: Which of these statements concerning the following citric acid cycle reaction is true? Malate + NAD*…
A: Introduction: TCA cycle is a cyclic process. As many elements enters and leave the cycle, it should…
Q: Pyruvate is converted to acetyl-CoA by the enzymes of the _____________ enzyme complex.
A: Pyruvate is produced in the cytoplasm by glycolysis.
Q: Number of electrons generated in oxidation of 1 glucose to 2 pyrvuate in glycolysis. _ Number of…
A: Enzyme catalyzed reactions during aerobic respiration can be grouped into three major processes:…
Q: The number of CO2 molecules liberated for each molecule of acetyl-CoA during oxidative…
A: Tricarboxylic acid (TCA) or Krebs cycle is the oxidative or aerobic part of respiration. This cycle…
Q: Acetyl CoA reacts with what molecule in which pathway to become citrate? O glycolysis, Malate krebs…
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Q: Why does it make sense that under conditions of low ATP levels in the cell the pyruvate carboxylase…
A: Glucose is degraded to pyruvate through the process of glycolysis that occurs in the cytoplasm.…
Q: The first step of β oxidation is: hydration by enoyl CoA hydrase. oxidation by FAD. activation by…
A: Beta oxidation In metabolism, this process is the catabolic process through which molecules of fatty…
Q: Starting with acetyl-CoA in the mitochondria, how many ATP molecules are needed to synthesize a 14 C…
A: This question is related to De Novo synthesis of Fatty acid.
Q: The synthesis of acetyl-CoA from pyruvic acid serves as a bridge between which of the following…
A: Aerobic respiration occurs in presence of oxygen. It includes glycolysis, citric acid cycle and…
Q: At high energy charge (ATP/AMP ratio) AND low blood glucose levels a. Pyruvate is converted to…
A: Catabolism is the breakdown of food molecules especially glucose and carbohydrates for the release…
Q: The citric acid cycle converts each acetyl-CoA to [1/2/3/4] molecules of CO2. This pathway is…
A: Citric acid cycle takes place after glycolysis in the process of respiration. Glycolysis results in…
Q: Which of the following reactions/ pathways does NOT produce NADH? Payoff phase of glycolysis…
A: Anabolism is the process in which two small molecules will form a large molecule and in catabolism,…
Q: Acetyl-CoA can be synthesized a. By pyruvate dehydrogenase or fatty acid ?-oxidation b. All the…
A: Acetyl coenzyme A or acetyl CoA is a two carbon molecule that acts as source of carbon to the citric…
Q: The coenzymes required for the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex are a. biotin,…
A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase was a multifunctional enzyme that was located in mitochondria and catalysis…
Q: If (1-1C)-glucose is metabolized to acetyl-CoA and CO2 via glycolysis and the pyruvate dehydrogenase…
A: Glucose is metabolized into the pyruvate and through the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex and…
Q: Which of the following statements are TRUE? Multiple answers are accepted for this question a .Two…
A: Two answers are correct
Q: Identify different types of organic reaction mechanism (SN1, SN2, etc) and reaction types (addition,…
A: The SN1 reaction is a nucleophilic substitution reaction with a unimolecular rate-determining step.…
Q: Which of the following is an inhibitor of gluconeogenesis? Group of answer choices: -ATP -ADP…
A: Gluconeogenesis is the process of Synthesis of glucose from lactose, pyruvate, glucogenic aminoacids…
Q: What major metabolic substrate do ketone bodies convert into so that they enter the metabolic…
A: Ketone bodies are formed from β-oxidation of fatty acid.
Q: oduced during the reactions of acetyl-CoA formation? Acetyl CoA
A: Acetyl-CoA can be defined as the acetyl-coenzyme A is the molecule that involves in many biochemical…
Q: Which of the following is NOT a fate of acetyl-CoA in mammals? a. Is used to synthesize cholesterol…
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Q: When acetyl-CoA oxidized via the citric acid cycle, yields 10 ATP equivalents: 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, and…
A: The citric acid cycle occurring in the mitochondrial matrix is the second step of cellular…
Q: Acetyl CoA reacts with oxaloacetic acid. All molecules of NADH and FADH2 generated by the process…
A: Answer 1- last step of Krebs cycle. Answer 2- fourth step of respiratory chain Answer 3- third…
Q: To begin the TCA cycle, pyruvate must be converted into acetyl-Coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) by the enzyme…
A: The TCA cycle is at the center of cellular metabolism, playing a starring role in both the process…
Q: In which of the given steps of TCA cycle one C is lost from substrate in the form of CO2 as well as…
A: Cellular respiration is a biochemical process of oxidation of organic compounds in an orderly manner…
Q: If oxidation of acetyl-CoA yields 10 ATPs per mole through the citric acidcycle, how many ATPs will…
A: The citric acid cycle is the oxidation of acetyl-CoA to produce ATP. It also provides an entry point…
Q: Acetyl-CoA, the TCA Cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain
A: Acetyl-CoA (acetyl coenzyme A) is a molecule participates in some biochemical reactions in protein,…
Q: In the first step of the TCA cycle the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA is transferred to oxaloacetate to…
A: Citric acid cycle, also known as tricarboxylic acid cycle or Krebs cycle occurs in the…
Q: Mammals cannot undergo net synthesis of carbohydrate from acetyl-CoA, but the carbons of acetyl-CoA…
A: Glucose is catabolized to generate ATP by respiration. The carbon chain in glucose is oxidized and…
Q: The co-enzyme that helps in the removal of carbon dioxide from pyruvate during the PDH mechanism is…
A: PDH means pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. PDH complex catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl…
Q: Which of the following statements explains why acetyl-CoA is considered the central molecule of…
A: Introduction: Acetyl-CoA is a membrane-impermeant molecule that contains acetyl-CoA linked to…
Q: If TWO acetyl CoA enter the citric acid cycle, for each glucose we started with, then how many of…
A: In the process of aerobic respiration, a molecule of glucose is converted to two molecules of…
Q: If we label the two carbons composing the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA with 14C, a radioactive isotope…
A: The Krebs cycle is also referred to as the citric acid cycle or TCA (Tricarboxylic acid cycle) and…
Q: Which of the following is NOT produced during the reactions of acetyl-CoA formation? (only one…
A: Acetyl-CoA can be generated in either of two ways, first is oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate…
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- How Do Vitamin-Derived Coenzymes Aid Metabolism? What chemical functionality is provided to enzyme reactions by pyridoxal phosphate (we Chapter 13)? By coenzyme A (see Chapter I9)? By vitamin B12 (see Chapter 23)? By thiamine pyrophosphate (see Chapter 19)?The same reactions that were seen in the process of converting pyruvate to acetyl-S-CoA, occur in step ____ of the citric acid cycle as ____________ is converted to _________________.In the first step of the TCA cycle the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA is transferred to oxaloacetate to produce citrate. Where will the carbonyl carbon of that acetyl group be after the first CO2 is expelled? Group of answer choices The first carbon of α-ketoglutarate The last carbon of α-ketoglutarate The fourth carbon of α-ketoglutarate The third carbon of α-ketoglutarate
- How similar of an effect would a mutation in pyruvate dehydrogenase have, compared to a mutation in pyruvate carboxylase that blocks its ability to be regulated by acetyl-CoA?Before a fatty acid can undergo β-oxidation, it must be activated and then shuttled across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The activating agent and shuttle molecule are, respectively: A. CoA and carnitine B. CoA and citrate C. acetyl CoA and carnitine D. acetyl CoA and citrateWhich of the following is the correct account for acetyl CoA, NADH , and FADH2 for the beta-oxidation of stearic acid (saturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms)? -9;8;5 -9;8;8 -18;9;9 -18;18;18 -9;9;9
- Which of the following is the chemical end product of fatty-acids metabolized in the beta-oxidation pathway? Select one: a. Beta-carotine b. Free-radicals c. Lactic acid d. Acetyl-CoA e. PyruvatePlace the following list of reactions or relevant locations in the β oxidation of fatty acids in the proper order. (a) Reaction with carnitine (b) Fatty acid in the cytoplasm (c) Activation of fatty acid by joining to CoA (d) Hydration (e) NAD+ -linked oxidation (f) Thiolysis (g) Acyl CoA in mitochondrion (h) FAD-linked oxidation.How many molecules of acetyl-CoA are produced by catabolism of the following fatty acids, and how many b oxidations are needed?(a) Palmitic acid, CH3(CH2)14COOH(b) Lignoceric acid, CH3(CH2)22COOH
- In the context of fatty acid oxidation to acetyl CoA, indicate whether each of the following substances is involved in (1) fatty acid activation, (2) fatty acid trans-port, or (3) b-oxidation pathway. More than one choice may be correct in a given situation. a. AMp b. FAD c. Acyl CoA d. H2OWhich of the following is NOT a component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex? a. dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase b. dihydrolipoyl transacetylase c. pyruvate dehydrogenase d. dihydrolipoyl catalaseIn the pyruvae dehydrogensae complex, acetyl-coa is released by the dihydrolipoyl transacetylase activity. What is the purpose of the following enzymatic activity.