The following pedigree follows the inheritance of clubbed fingers in humans. (A) Predict how this disorder is inherited (what pattern of inheritance?). (B) State the genotypes for the individuals listed below... If more than possibility is possible for an individual, list both. Individuals: I-2, 1-4, Il-7, III-1, and IV-7 6. 8. 2. 3. 6. IV
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- Raedwald is color blind. His four sisters and his parents all have normal color vision. Who passed this condition on to Raedwald, and what can be said for certain about the genotypes of his maternal and paternal grandparents?A 30 - year - old woman was undergoing therapy for b-thalassemia,a recessive trait caused by absence of or reduced synthesis ofthe hemoglobin b chain, a subunit of the oxygen-carrying moleculein red blood cells. In this condition, red blood cells are rapidlydestroyed, freeing a large amount of iron, which is deposited in tissuesand organs. The blood transfusions the patient had received every twoor three weeks since the age of 7 to stave off anemia were furtheraggravating iron buildup. Her major organs were showing damage, andshe was in danger of death from cardiac disease. Her physician suggestedthat she consider undergoing a hematopoietic (bone marrow)stem cell transplant (HSCT). Since these stem cells give rise to redblood cells, such a transplant could potentially restore her health. Whilethis might seem like an easy decision, it is not. Advanced cases havea high risk (almost 30 percent) for transplantation-related death. At thispoint, the woman is faced with a difficult and…A 30 - year - old woman was undergoing therapy for b-thalassemia,a recessive trait caused by absence of or reduced synthesis ofthe hemoglobin b chain, a subunit of the oxygen-carrying moleculein red blood cells. In this condition, red blood cells are rapidlydestroyed, freeing a large amount of iron, which is deposited in tissuesand organs. The blood transfusions the patient had received every twoor three weeks since the age of 7 to stave off anemia were furtheraggravating iron buildup. Her major organs were showing damage, andshe was in danger of death from cardiac disease. Her physician suggestedthat she consider undergoing a hematopoietic (bone marrow)stem cell transplant (HSCT). Since these stem cells give rise to redblood cells, such a transplant could potentially restore her health. Whilethis might seem like an easy decision, it is not. Advanced cases havea high risk (almost 30 percent) for transplantation-related death. At thispoint, the woman is faced with a difficult and…
- Achondroplasia is a form of dwarfism in humans. It is caused by a mutant allele of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene ( FGFR3) that produces an overactive protein. Having one copy of the mutant allele results in dwarfism. Two copies of the mutant allele results in death before birth. If a man with Achondroplasia marries a woman who is Sickle Cell Anemia carrier and they have a child together, what is the probability that their child will Achondroplasia AND be a Sickle Cell Anemia carrier? ½ 2/3 ¼ 1 ½ 1/16The genotype of EB27 and EB67 are unknown. Based on pedigree, what are the most likely genotype of each individual?The Mic2 gene in humans is present on both the X and Y chromosome. Let’s suppose the Mic2 gene exists in a dominant Mic2 allele, which results in normal surface antigen production, and arecessive mic2 allele, which results in defective surface antigenproduction. Using molecular techniques, it is possible to distinguish homozygous and heterozygous individuals. By followingthe transmission of the Mic2 and mic2 alleles in a large human pedigree, would it be possible to distinguish between pseudoautosomalinheritance and autosomal inheritance? Explain your answer
- A couple is planning a family, but since each has a brother having the sickle-cell disorder, they are worried that their kids might develop the disorder too. Neither of them nor their respective parents have the disorder. Which of the following will be your smartest advice as a genetic counsellor? One of four of their children can be expected to have sickle cell. It is possible that none of their kids will have the disorder, but tests should be carried out on both of them to confirm. All of their children will have sickle-cell disorder. There is no chance of any of their kids having sickle cell.In squirrels, individuals that are heterozygous for the mutant LDL receptor gene( Fa) begin to experience heart attacks at the squirrel equivalent of the 30’s and 40’s in humans, while individuals that are homozygous for the mutant LDL receptor allele experience heart attacks much earlier. Closer examination reveals that the hepatocytes of the homozygous normal squirrels contain ONLY normal receptors. In the hepatocytes of the heterozygous squirrels, 50% of the receptors are of the mutant type, and fail to bind the LDL cholesterol, while the other 50% are normal. In individuals homozygous for the mutant LDL receptor allele, only mutant receptors are present. NAME and DEFINE the genetic phenomenon observed here.Retinitis pigmentosa, a group of related eye disorders that cause progressive vision loss, is due to an autosomal dominant allele. Tay-Sachs disease, on the other hand, is due to a defective gene with incomplete dominance. A mutation in the recessive HEXA gene prevents the synthesis of the lysosome enzyme beta-hexosaminidase A. This mutation prevents the breakdown of GM2 ganglioside, thus increasing to a toxic level that damages neurons. Luisa is a carrier of the allele for Tay-Sachs but has no sign of any eye disorder in her family. She married Gerard whose mother was afflicted with retinitis pigmentosa, unlike his father. Neither of his parents has any history of Tay-Sachs disease. What are the genotypes of Luisa and Gerard? Luisa:______________________________Gerard:_____________________________