The following three kinds of technological change intue OA larger K. improved inputs, and new products OB. new techiniques, improved inputs, and new products. DC. larger K, larger L, and new products. OD. new techniques, substitution of K for L, and new products. DE. new techniques, improved products, and larger K.

The following three kinds of technological change intue OA larger K. improved inputs, and new products OB. new techiniques, improved inputs, and new products. DC. larger K, larger L, and new products. OD. new techniques, substitution of K for L, and new products. DE. new techniques, improved products, and larger K.

Principles of Economics 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172364

Author:Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro

Publisher:Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro

Chapter7: Production, Costs, And Industry Structure

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 42P: A small company that shovels sidewalks and driveways has 100 homes signed up for its services this...

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What is the difference between economies of scale, constant returns to scale, and diseconomies of scale?
A small company that shovels sidewalks and driveways has 100 homes signed up for its services this winter. It can use various combinations of capital and labor: intensive labor with hand shovels, less labor with snow blowers, and still less labor with a pickup truck that has a snowplow on front. To summarize, the method Choices are: Method 1: 50 units of labor, 10 units of capital Method 2: 20 units of labor, 40 units of capital Method 3: 10 units of labor, 70 units of capital If hiring labor for the winter costs $100/unit and a unit of capital costs 400, what is the best production method? What method should the company use if the cost of labor rises to $20/unit?
WW is a small automobile manufacturer. The table below shows WW’s long-run average total cost: Quantity of cars LRATC of car 1 $60,000 2 40,000 3 30,000 4 24,000 5 24,000 6 24,000 7 28,000 8 36,000 which levels of output does WW experience economies of scale? ___________ which levels of output does WW experience diseconomies of scale? ___________ which levels of output does WW experience constant returns to scale? ___________
Many businesses taco increasing marginal costs because___ O A. in order to increase output, you have to purchase more inputs.O B. a business may have to shift to more expensive sources of inputs in order to increase output.O C. most businesses are not near capacity.OD. when the price falls, output increases.
WW is a small automobile manufacturer. The table below shows WW’s long-run average total cost: Quantity of cars LRATC of car 1 $60,000 2 40,000 3 30,000 4 24,000 5 24,000 6 24,000 7 28,000 8 36,000 a. For which levels of output does WW experience economies of scale? ___________ b. For which levels of output does WW experience diseconomies of scale? ___________ c. For which levels of output does WW experience constant returns to scale? ___________
A. Complete the table below Quantity TC TVC AFC ATC MC AVC 1 200 2 100 3 20 4 240 5 24 6 660 160 B. Using the table indicate if the firm has i. diseconomies of scale ii. economies of scale or iii.constant returns to scale over the entire rangeof output. Explain your answer Quantity (Units of output) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Firm A 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Firm B 11 24 39 56 75 96 119 Firm C 21 34 49 66 85 106 129 C.Evaluate the view that the main goal of firms will always be cost minimization.
Capital (K) Labor (L) Total Product (TP) total fixed cost (TFC) total variable cost (TVC) total cost (TC) average fixed cost (AFC) average variable cost (AVC) average total cost (ATC) marginal cost (MC) 10 0 0 10 1 5 10 2 15 10 3 30 10 4 50 10 5 75 10 6 85 10 7 90 10 8 92 10 9 92 10 10 90 1.1 From the information in the table, calculate total fixed cost (TFC), total variable cost (TVC), total cost (TC), average fixed cost (AFC), average variable cost (AVC), average total cost (ATC) and marginal cost (MC). 1.2 At what point is average total cost minimized and at what post…
Answer the following questions on the basis of this information for a single fifirm: total cost of capital = $1000; price paid for labor = $12 per labor unit; price paid for raw materials = $4 per raw-material unit. a. Suppose the firm can produce 5000 units of output by combining its fixed capital with 100 units of labor and 450 units of raw materials. What are the total cost and average total cost of producing the 5000 units of output?b. Now assume the firm improves its production process so that it can produce 6000 units of output by combining its fixed capital with 100 units of labor and 450 units of raw materials. What are the total cost and average cost of producing the 6000 units of output?c. Refer to your answers to 8a and 8b and explain how process innovation can improve economic efficiency.
1.A 15 per cent increase in all inputs leads to only a 5 per cent increase in the output. Are the returns to scale increasing, constant or diminishing? Illustrate your answer2.What is the slope of an iso-cost line equal to and why? Provide mathematical explanation3.“By definition, cost is zero if a firm does not hire any input. Hence cost-minimization essentially means shutting down the operation of the firm.” Do you agree with the statement? Justify you answer by giving an explanation from microeconomic theory.4.What is meant by an expansion path? Illustrate expansion paths for a normal input and an inferior input.
6. Which of the following are true (check all that apply) Note: IRTS=increasing returns to scale, CRTS=constant returns to scale, DRTS=decreasing returns to scale a. if the production function exhibits IRTS, then the cost function will exhibit economies of scale b. if the production function exhibits IRTS, then the cost function will exhibit diseconomies economies of scale c. if the cost function exhibits diseconomies of scale, then the producing function exhibits DRTS d. if the production function exhibits CRTS, then the cost function will exhibit constant economies of scale e. if the production function exhibits DRTS then the cost function will exhibit diseconomies of scale
How firm choose optimum combination of inputs in short run and in logn run explain theoritically and graphically?
Average fixed cost, average total cost a -Why does average fixed cost continuously fall as output increases? b. And why does total average cost first fall at initial level of production as produc increases, and then it increases as production increases.