The noise voltage out of a 2 M2 resistor is measured using a digital voltmeter as 2.5 uV at room temperature. What is the effective bandwidth of the voltmeter (Boltzmann's constant=1.38 x 10^-23 J/K) Your answer

Q: 4.22 A laser diode has a maximum average output of 1 mW (0 dBm). The laser is to be amplitude-…

A: Given, A laser diode has maximum average output of 1 mW (0 dBm) Signal x(t) has a dc component of…

Q: Find the magnitude, phase, and group delay of a system that has a unit sample response h(n) = 8(n) –…

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Q: 5) The equation used to calculate the Current gain in decibels is: a) 20 log |Ai| b) 10 log |Ap| c)…

A: to represent gain in decibles we apply log to the gain multiplied by 20 but for power we multiply…

Q: X(t) = sin(2n-1000·t) + 0.5sin(2n·2000 ·t+3r/4) %3D

A: xt=sin2π.1000.t+0.5sin2π.2000.t+3π/4Putt=n8000=discrete time…

Q: 3. An IF transformer of a radio receiver operates at 455 kHz. The primary circuit has a Q of 50 and…

A: Given an IF transformer of a radio receiver operates at 455KHz . the primary circcuit has a Q of 50…

Q: 3 G(s)= (s+1)/ (S°+1) the system has final gain of -40DB/Decade Select one: O True O False

A: Given system, G(s)=s+1s3+1

Q: 1. A power amplifier has an output of 200 W and an input of 8 W. What is the power gain in decibels?

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Q: For the part of a receiver shown below, the input signal bandwidth is 6 MHz, and the overall noise…

A: Solution- Given,Bandwidth = 6MHzNoise figure = 1.11dB at 290 K

Q: A Hartley Oscillator circuit that has two individual inductors of 0.5 mH each, are designed to…

A: This question belongs to analog electronics . It is based on the concept of Hartley oscillator . It…

Q: (B) The output response for a second order system (RLC circuit) is given in Fig.(1) below. If the…

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Q: A communication system has five stages, with gains and attenuations of 12, 245, 68, 231, and 9 dB.…

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Q: (65) What is the output of the system with 1 h[n] = G u(n) in response to the input %3D 2 x[n] = 3+…

A: As a system is considered, which have some input then it gives an output, that output is due to the…

Q: 5.7 0.25 0.5 t(ms) -5.7

A: The standard circuit for opamp-based Wien-Bridge oscillator is used along with the formulae for…

Q: (b) Obtain the transfer function of the electrical network Yo8) shown in Fig. below, v;(s) using…

A: Converting the circuit into equivalent Laplace circuit. the circuit is further converted to,

Q: Sketch the following signals a. x[n] = a"u[n – 1] for a typical a in the range 0 < a <1. b. x(t) =…

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Q: An AM receiver has 3 cascaded RF amplifiers arranged such that the IFRR successively increased by…

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Q: ircuit of FIG R, = 3.8 k R; = 82 k R2 = 22 k Rc = 5.6k R; = kw 5.1 and R = 3.3 and B = 150 kw. Since…

A: circuit of figure R3=3.8K ohms, R2=22K ohms, RC=5.6K ohms, RE=kω 5.1, and RL=33 and β=150Kω. since…

Q: Several high-fidelity audio channels having fm = 15kHz are to be transmitted via binary PCM with 1=…

A: Find the detailed solution in below images

Q: If an audio transformer which has an impedance ratio of 40:1 is used to match the output of a power…

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Q: Consider independent input samples with the following probability density function. ´Ag + 40 0<x< 1,…

A: Signal power for the given independent input samples are determined as shown below

Q: A transistor is used as a switch and the waveforms are shown below. The parameters are given as…

A: Given  Transistor as switch and waveforms as shown  Vcc=200 vVCE(sat)=1 vICS=100 AICEO=1 mArise time…

Q: Question 5. Fig. 2 provides the block diagram for the closed-loop system by the proportional control…

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Q: Question 3. The mathematical equation of an AM modulated signal is given as follows mA. SAM (t) =…

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Q: For the circuit of Fig. 1.1, Ua=12V, Lab=-3A, then Upa =_V. %3D a iba U ab +

A: The branch of the circuit  is shown below:  Uab=Ua-UbUba=Ub-UaUba=-(Ua-Ub)(Ua-Ub)=12 VUba=-12 V

Q: 2. The Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) uses two bands. The first band of 824 to 849 MHz is used…

A: The advanced mobile phone system uses two bands and they are,1. For sending - 824 MHz to 849 MHz2.…

Q: Consider the circuit shown below and answer all of the following questions. t = 0 10Ω V, = V, = %3D…

A: The solution is given below The correct option is (e)

Q: A radio frequency amplifer amplifies the signal applied to its input by 100 times which of the…

A: The gain for given amplifier can be calculated as follows.

Q: Q4 a) Calculate the 4-point DFT of x [n] = {x[0] = 1, 1, 1, 1} using the decimation-in- frequency N…

A: Since you have posted the multiple questions so we are supposed to answer the 1st one.

Q: Sketch the frequency domain circuit of Fig. 4. 100 Q ww v(t) = 100 cos (500t+30%) Fig. 4 0.3 H 40LF

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Q: The input signal to an amplifier is vi(t)=0.01 cos(2000πt)+0.02 cos(4000πt). The gain of the…

A: Given signal is vit=0.01cos2000πt+0.02cos4000πt The gain of the amplifier as a function of frequency…

Q: frequency response H(e"), as shown in Figure 7.2(b), and has a ), = N„T/2, where T is the sampling…

A: The answer as given below;

Q: If the signal-to-noise ratio is lowered by 60%, the following value will be obtained: Select your…

A: The solution is given below

Q: Determine the response y(n) for the following difference equation 3 y(n) –y(n – 1) + y(n – 2) = x(n)…

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Q: An AM receiver has 3 cascaded RF amplifiers arranged such that the IFRR successively increased by…

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Q: A customer desires a communication system that is capable of conveying 60 kılobits per second…

A: Given Data: B = bandwidth = 10 kHz N =10^-19 Watt/ Hz S averaged received signal power = 1 pW use…

Q: What is the total energy of the signal that is given as (37, -1<t<1 x(t) 10, otherwise 18T

A: Energy in signal=∫X(t)2×dt. we will use above formula to find energy in the signal

Q: a) Calculate the input SNR of an amplifier in dB if its output SNR is 10.23 dB and the Noise Ratio…

A: Signal to Noise Ratio- Signal to Noise Ratio- It is a measure utilized in science and engineering…

Q: a : Sketch the root loci for the system shown in Fig. R(1) Cis) s(s+1 +13

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Q: The feedforward transfer function of a system is, G(s) = k/ s(s+6)(s+13) and H(s) = 1. (i) %3D %3D…

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Q: 40 km long and its loss coefficient is 0.046 km'. The second fiber is 60 km long and its s…

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Q: 5- The S-parameters of a two-port network are measured by means of a: A-Spectrum Analyzer B-RF…

A: ‘Scattering’ or  S-parameters are a measure of reflected power and transmitted power in a network as…

Q: Regarding to the Wien bridge oscillator, Design the electronic circuit of an oscillator using 22KΩ…

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Q: 2) Consider an analog voltage signal from a microphone transducer xa(t) = 5(sin 2pi*262t + sin %3D…

A: Given:  Brief description:    Xa(t) = 5 sin(2π×262t) +sin(2π×660t)    Input frequencies,   fm1 = 262…

Q: 03. For the system shown in Fig. below, 3 H(w) - Determine the system response y(n) to the input…

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Q: Q2:For the electrical circuit shown in Fig(1). Derive the transfer function V.(s)/V;(s). Figure(1)…

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Q: Calculate the noise voltage at the input of a Television RF amplifier using a device that has a…

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Q: A radio receiver consists of an RF amplifier, a mixer and an IF amplifier with the following…

A: According to the question, for the given communication system, we need to find a) Calculate the…

Q: Consider the signal w(t) expressed as below, w(t) = 10 1/(20pi*t)2 (a) Plot W ( f ) (b) Find the…

A: Given:w(t)=101+(20πt)2we know that according to duality theoremw(t)F↔ W(f)w(t)F↔ w(-f)

Q: Determine the transfer function I, (=) for the given electrical circuit shown below in fig. 4. wwmm…

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Antenna Characteristics

The antenna is an important concept in the domain of electronics and communication engineering. An antenna forms an integral part of many commonly used devices such as wireless modems, routers, game controllers, mobile phones, bluetooth devices, and so on. In simple terms, any wireless communication makes use of antennas to serve the purpose. An antenna, also known by the term 'arial', is an electrical device that converts electrical signals into electromagnetic waves or electromagnetic waves into electrical signals. An antenna contains a transmission line usually made up of co-axial cable, it then receives the signals and converts them into electromagnetic waves, which are then transmitted via space into their required destination. A communication system essentially makes use of two antennas, a transmission antenna, which converts electrical signals into electromagnetic waves, and a receiving antenna, which receives the electromagnetic waves and converts them back into electrical signals.