The pili is involved in motility and DNA transfer or conjugation

Q: Figure 5.1 presented abbreviated pedigrees looking at the inheritance of X-linked human conditions. ...

A: Double heterozygote = Individual 1 in generation II, if the mother in generation I is homozygous wit...

Q: Which of the following has the sugar found in RNA? A. D. Но- OH HN. ÓH но ОН ОН В. E. NH2 H. OH HO-P...

A: RNA have the following nitrogen bases:-  nitrogen bases in the RNA are - 1) Uracil , 2) Adenine , 3)...

Q: Define aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. What happens when there is insufficient oxygen? Make sure t...

A: Answer 

Q: Explain (a) why the flow of energy through thebiosphere depends on the cycling of nutrients, and(b) ...

A: The energy flow that occurs in the biosphere is totally dependent on the nutrient's cycling. This is...

Q: Calculate K’eq and ΔG’0 for the following: A 0.1 M solution of glucose 1-phosphate at 25oC is incuba...

A: Keq is the equilibrium constant and it is a measure of ratio of concentration of products to reactan...

Q: Primary amines and keto groups of the nitrogen bases are involved in base-pairing in double stranded...

A: DNA is the nucleic acids present in the organisms. DNA is the deoxy ribose nucleic acid in which rib...

Q: The proteins and other substances that bind to the DNA rely mostly on non-covalent interaction to de...

A: This statement is true. The proteins binds to DNA are of two types the histone and the non histone p...

Q: Question 9. What space inside the cell is topologically equivalent to the cytoplasm?

A: If molecules can flow in-between spaces within a cell without encountering a membrane, they are term...

Q: Producing fewer eggs than the Lack number can be explained by (select all that are correct)   Quest...

A: Answer option A Egg production is never lower than the Lack number

Q: The changes in a species over time are NOT affected by -

A: Natural selection is a mechanism of evolution. Organisms that are more adapted to their environment ...

Q: Question 5 Name 2 differences in the structural features of DNA and RNA and indicate the relevance o...

A: DNA and RNA are the two most common forms of nucleic acids. Nucleotides, which include a five-carbon...

Q: What does the shaded area of map A represent? What does the shaded area of map B represent?

A: Two maps A and B are given in the question are of Africa continent . The given map shows the Correla...

Q: H;C. NH QH HO-P=0 ÓH A True B) False

A: Thymidilic acid is a part of DNA. It is exclusively found in DNA and not in RNA. Thymine is a nitrog...

Q: Explain the theories of spontaneous generation and biogenesis.

A: The theories of spontaneous generation and biogenesis are two of the main theories that explain how ...

Q: #6: You are a young haploid male Honeybee. What is the probability that a gene in your genome is als...

A: In honey bees, male is haploid while female is diploid. Such haplodiploidy is observed in some insec...

Q: 5. Numerous water channels formed by reabsorption of water in the nephron. proteins aid in the

A: Introduction: The nephron is the basic filtration unit of the kidney.

Q: PCR primers Below is a 300 base pair fragment of DNA. The top strand is written in the 5' to 3' dire...

A: Introduction A primer is a single-stranded nucleic acid that all living organisms utilise to start t...

Q: How could sequencing many SARS-CoV-2 genomes be used to track how the virus has changed over time du...

A: Mutation It refers to the alteration of the sequence of the DNA or RNA in organisms. These mutations...

Q: Name one protozoan or fungi that is medically relevant. What makes it relevant?

A: Introduction: Single-celled organisms are known as protozoa. They range in size and shape from an am...

Q: a. Bacteria – Escherichia coli; Neisseria catarralis; Vibrio coma b. Algae – nostoc, anabaena, volvo...

A: BACTERIA Escherichia coli:- E. coli are harmless and actually are an important part of a healthy hu...

Q: Explain why dead females are never found in the F1 generation no matter which parents are crossed.

A: Answer (b) :- Working with garden pea plants, Mendel observed that crosses between guardians that co...

Q: In order for PCR (polymerase chain reaction) to be possible, we need to add reaction: O a DNA polyme...

A: PCR is a commonly used technology in molecular biology for making multiple copies of specific bits o...

Q: In flies, long wings (W) are dominant to short wings (w). Two homozygous recessive flies are crossed...

A: Given: In flies, long wings(W) are dominant to short wings(w). Dominant traits are always expressed ...

Q: Name and describe two properties of water that make it unique and required for life on earth.

A: The Earth is covered with 78% water. It is the most abundant substance on Earth. The first life orig...

Q: chi-square

A: A chi-square statistic is a measure of the difference between the observed and expected frequencies ...

Q: A.) Damaged DNA can be reversed if nucleotides can be replaced with a proper nucleotide for a correc...

A: DNA repair : The DNA molecule may undergo some alternations due to various factors like exposure to ...

Q: viruses that cause foodborne illness are: E.coli, Salmonella Norovirus Staphylococcus aureus Clostr...

A: Bacteria, Protozoa and viruses are some microorganisms that are responsible for the occurrence of fo...

Q: Suppose gram negative bacteria had a cell that completely enveloped the cell (the secretion systems ...

A: Answer :- If gram negative bacteria had a cell that completely enveloped the cell and the secretion ...

Q: How are chromosomes in eukaryotic cells packaged?

A: The eukaryotic DNA can be packed into chromosome shape. this type of packaging is only observed it e...

Q: Where would you cleave to generate 2 proteins of equal size?     Question 15 options:   xi   vi ...

A:  Cleavage of hing region by 2-mercaptoethylamine to generate 2 proteins of equal size of protein fra...

Q: How can IDPs can gain a stable conformation?   Question 45 options:   By interacting with other pr...

A: Introduction  IDPs or intrinsically disordered protein is a type of proteins which don't have any fi...

Q: What are two important points that are required for both host and viral DNA replication?

A: Viruses are group of infectious agents that multiply in living cell and can lead to infection and di...

Q: The organism It is the first st Only jawed ver killer colle killor

A: Since you have asked multiple questions , we will solve the first question for you. If you want any ...

Q: What is the importance of employing aseptic techniques? Give an example of a situation in the labora...

A: Aseptic technique:- it is a set of routine procedures that is done to prevent sterile solutions and ...

Q: Which of the following represents an example of a proteoglycan? attachment of several molecules of h...

A: Proteoglycans can be defined as the heavily glycosylated proteins (high molecular weight) found in t...

Q: The graph below shows changes in the size of an Emperorpenguin population in terms of numbers of bre...

A: Global warming is considered lethal for our planet because global warming has led to a number of des...

Q: How many coliforms need to be present before drinking water is considered dangerous?

A: Coliforms are bacteria found in the excrement of all animals, including humans. They are found in pl...

Q: Observation of the development of embryos in sea stars shows the mesoderm forming pouches bulging fr...

A: Sea star classification: Kingdom       :      Animalia Phylum          :      Echinodermata Supercla...

Q: What is the difference between biotechnology and recombinant DNA technology?

A: In recent years;with advances in science and technology;there are certain modifications are done in ...

Q: A classification given to a nose that is short, broad, and has a minimum projection; this nose is co...

A: Answer b) platyrrhine

Q: You are a diploid queen honeybee. What is the probability that a gene in your genome is also in the ...

A: In case of honey bee males are referred as haploid and females are referred as diploid.   Female bee...

Q: What “energy” ( kinetic, potential, electromagnetic, mechanical, chemical energy) are/is needed for ...

A: Energy is a source which is needed to perform all kinds of work in the surroundings as well as syste...

Q: Which of the steps in the Z scheme is correct? O A. plastocyanin donates an electron to P680 O B. An...

A: As per bartleby guidelines we are only allowed to answer one question at a time, please post second ...

Q: N-linked oligosaccharides can be covalently linked to proteins at which amino acid? O Asn Gly Ser O ...

A: N-linked glycosylation is the process of attaching an oligosaccharide, a carbohydrate made up of mul...

Q: What are the three major risks you face from each ofthe following: (a) your lifestyle, (b) where you...

A: Introduction Lifestyle is behavior shown by the person day to day at his/her residence, workplace, o...

Q: Question 47 The supercoiled DNA can either be positively or negatively supercoiled. A True B) False

A: The DNA is present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. It is the ...

Q: 2. Find the pages in this lab exercise where they are examining the evolution of horses and their re...

A: A cladogram is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, h...

Q: With respect to the genes that guide development of the embryo (developmental regulatory genes), fil...

A: ANSWER;-   - Transcription factors perform their function to control the transcription process. As...

Q: Auxin in the cytoplasm is in the [ Select ] form. It exits through the membrane through [ Select ] I...

A: Auxin in the cytoplasm is in the charge form. It exits through the membrane through cotransporters. ...

Q: A collection, or set of all individuals or objects or events whose properties are to be analyzed is ...

A: The study and use of statistical approaches to a broad variety of problems in biology is known as bi...

Genetic Recombination

Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.

Microbial Genetics

Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.