The table below shows total expenditures for colleges and universities in millions of dollars. All data are in current dollars. Year 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Expenditures 21,063 56,914 134,666 236,754 462,100 Make a table that shows the absolute change in expenditures over each 10-year period. Period Increase ($ millions) 1970-1980 1980-1990 1990-2000 2000-2010
Inverse Normal Distribution
The method used for finding the corresponding z-critical value in a normal distribution using the known probability is said to be an inverse normal distribution. The inverse normal distribution is a continuous probability distribution with a family of two parameters.
Mean, Median, Mode
It is a descriptive summary of a data set. It can be defined by using some of the measures. The central tendencies do not provide information regarding individual data from the dataset. However, they give a summary of the data set. The central tendency or measure of central tendency is a central or typical value for a probability distribution.
Z-Scores
A z-score is a unit of measurement used in statistics to describe the position of a raw score in terms of its distance from the mean, measured with reference to standard deviation from the mean. Z-scores are useful in statistics because they allow comparison between two scores that belong to different normal distributions.
The table below shows total expenditures for colleges and universities in millions of dollars. All data are in current dollars.
| Year | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 |
| Expenditures | 21,063 | 56,914 | 134,666 | 236,754 | 462,100 |
Make a table that shows the absolute change in expenditures over each 10-year period.
| Period | Increase ($ millions) |
|---|---|
| 1970-1980 | |
| 1980-1990 | |
| 1990-2000 | |
| 2000-2010 |
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