There are four types of vaccines for COVID-19: inactivated or weakened virus vaccines, protein-based vaccines, viral vector vaccines and RNA and DNA vaccines (WHO, 2020). If a group of professional researchers would like to study on these four types of vaccines then the subjects are randomly assigned to one of four groups: control, experimental A, experimental B, or experimental C. After treatment, the mean scores for the four groups are compared. What is the appropriate statistical test for comparing mean scores for the four groups? Select the correct response: Analysis of variance Chi square Spearman rho Pearson r
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- A 1980 study investigated the relationship between the use of OCs and the development of endometrial cancer. The researchers found that of 117 endometrial-cancer patients, 6 had used the OC Oracon at some time in their lives, whereas 8 of the 395 controls had used this agent. Test for an association between the use of Oracon and the incidence of endometrial cancer, using a two-tailed test.A randomized study was performed to determine whether a diet of processed meats causes a higher proportion of incidents of breast cancer. Researchers compared high intake versus low intake diets of processed meats for women with breast cancer and found the following results shown in the two-way table below: Breast Cancer No Breast Cancer Total High Intake processed meat 93 157 250 Low Intake processed meat 67 163 230 Conduct a hypothesis test for this problem, using for the proportion with diet high in processed meat who got breast cancer and for the proportion of women with diet low in processed meat who got breast cancer. PLEASE HELP WITH THE FOLLOWING - Find the p-value. Write generic conclusion. Write conclusion in context.A 1980 study investigated the relationship between the use of OCs and the development of endometrial cancer [9]. The researchers found that of 117 endometrial-cancer patients, 6 had used the OC Oracon at some time in theirlives, whereas 8 of the 395 controls had used this agent. Test for an association between the use of Oracon and the incidence of endometrial cancer, using a two-tailed test.
- . A randomized study was performed to determine whether a diet of processed meats causes a higher proportion of incidents of breast cancer. Researchers compared high intake versus low intake diets of processed meats for women with breast cancer and found the following results shown in the two-way table below: Breast Cancer No Breast Cancer Total High Intake processed meat 93 157 250 Low Intake processed meat 67 163 230 Conduct a hypothesis test for this problem, using for the proportion with a diet high in processed meat who got breast cancer and for the proportion of women with a diet low in processed meat who got breast cancer State the hypotheses. State sample statistic. Find the p-value. Write a generic conclusion. Write a conclusion in context. If we compute a randomization statistic and assume the null hypothesis is true, what does that mean in the context of this problem? Where would the…A randomized study was performed to determine whether a diet of processed meats causes a higher proportion of incidents of breast cancer. Researchers compared high intake versus low intake diets of processed meats for women with breast cancer and found the following results shown in the two-way table below: Breast Cancer No Breast Cancer Total High Intake processed meat 93 157 250 Low Intake processed meat 67 163 230 Conduct a hypothesis test for this problem, using for the proportion with a diet high in processed meat who got breast cancer and for the proportion of women with a diet low in processed meat who got breast cancer State the hypotheses. The test is to check the compare the proportion with a diet high in processed meat who got breast cancer and for the proportion of women with a diet low in processed meat who got breast cancer State sample statistic. Answered Find the p-value.Answered Write a generic conclusion.…I will provide the required data in a seperate set Death Rate per 100,000 people and Donald Trump’s share of the popular vote. A group of political activists noticed that hesitancy to get the vaccine for COVID-19 seems particularly strong in states that Donald Trump won in the 2020 presidential election. They wondered whether there is a correlation between the COVID-19 death rate per 100,000 people per state and Donald Trump’s share of the popular vote in 2020 per the 50 states and District of Columbia. The death rate data was sorted from a Johns Hopkins University/CNN report. The Voting data was sourced from CNN. Question 1: A Priori Statistical Power Before collecting the data, they decided to calculate a priori statistical power to determine how large a sample is needed to achieve 80% statistical power. G*Power Conduct an a priori power analysis using G*Power. (If you are not using a Windows or Macintosh computer use Statistics Kingdom to estimate sample size) Here are the setting…
- There are 6 identical research studies investigating percieved life satisfaction among younger adults following Covid lockdowns. Each research study collects a sample of 29 participants independently. Life satisfaction scores range from 0 to 60 with high scores indicative of high life satisfaction; low scores indicative of low life satisfaction. The research studies assess welbeing using a t test of one mean at a significance level of alpha=10%. As a result, 6 independent t statistics are reported, one from each of these studies. Under the null hypothesis in each of these studies, the t statistic is a random variable with a t distribution. Suppose that the test is an upper tail test and the null hypothesis is true. (1) What is the critical value for this test? (2) What is the probability that the first study's t statistic is less than the critical value? (3) What is the probability that all the t statistics are less than the critical value? (4) What is the probability that at least…An RCT was designed to test the effectiveness of naltrexone, an opiate receptor antagonist, as a treatment for alcohol dependence. Subjects with chronic severe alcohol dependence were randomly assigned to either 3 months of naltrexone treatment or 3 months of placebo treatment. The number of drinks per drinking day was compared between the two groups. Let μ1= population mean number of drinks per drinking day for those on Naltrexone and μ2= population mean number of drinks per drinking day for those on placebo. The data from the study are summarized in the table below. Naltrexone(n1 = 196) Placebo (n2=195) Mean Number of drinks perdrinking day Xbar1=10.5 Xbar2=9.3 Standard Deviation of Numberof drinks per drinking day S1= 80 S2= 7.0 The investigators want to test whether there is a significant difference between the two groups using a 5% significance level. 1. What is the most appropriate test to address the investigators’ research question? a. Pearson’s Chi-Squared…Of a random sample of 100 college students, 35 expected to achieve a higher standard of living than their parents, 43 expected a lower standard of living, and 22 expected about the same standard of living as their parents. Do these data present strong evidence that, for the population of students, more expect a lower standard of living compared with their parents than expect a higher standard of living?
- A laboratory has two large format printers installed. During the installation, the manufacturer has stated that the capacity of the printer is to print 20 maps of A4 size in an hour. Owing to various factors such as different students working on the printers, raw materials etc., there is a variation in the number of prints produced per hour. A researcher has taken a random sample of prints produced in 10 hours for printer 1 and 13 hours for printer 2, respectively. The following data gives the number of prints produced on a sampled hour by the two printers:Printer 1 18 19 19 18 17 19 18 19 18 19Printer 2 16 17 17 17 16 18 16 16 17 17 16 16 17Can the researcher ascertain that the variance is from the same population (i.e., population variances are equal)? Consider α = 0.05 as the significance level.A psychologist at a private mental hospital was asked to determine whether there was a clear difference in the length of stay for patients with different categories of diagnosis. Looking at the last four patients in each of the three major categories, the results (in terms of weeks of stay) were as follows: Diagnosis Category Affective Disorders Cognitive Disorders Drug-Related Conditions 7 12 8 6 8 10 5 9 12 6 11 10 Using alpha = 0.05, is there a significant difference in length of stay among diagnosis categories? Show all five steps of hypothesis testing. For additional practice, compute the means and standard deviations for each group. What is the purpose of a post hoc test? What does it tell us? Explain why we do not need a post hoc test if there are only two groups in our study. Conduct Tukey's HSD post hoc test to determine where there is a difference in the three groups.A psychologist at a private mental hospital was asked to determine whether there was a clear difference in the length of stay for patients with different categories of diagnosis. Looking at the last four patients in each of the three major categories, the results (in terms of weeks of stay) were as follows: Diagnosis Category Affective Disorders Cognitive Disorders Drug-Related Conditions 7 12 8 6 8 10 5 9 12 6 11 10 Using alpha = 0.05, is there a significant difference in length of stay among diagnosis categories? Show all five steps of hypothesis testing and compute the means and standard deviations for each group.