There is a one-period supply shock where o = 0.10. Assume inflationary expectations are adaptive so that = Tt-1· Find inflation in time period 2. Please note this is after the supply shock indicated above has passed so that õ is now back to 0. Enter the value as a percent rounded off to the first decimal place.
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- Consider an economy with the following structure:where the symbols have the usual meanings and are in logs. μ and η are random errors.Expectations are formed in one of the following alternative ways:(a) Rational expectations:(b) Adaptive expectations:(i) Given rational expectations, solve for Pt and yt (in terms of the money supply and random errors, etc.)(ii) Given adaptive expectations, solve for Pt and yt (in terms of the money supply, etc.).(iii) For the two expectations hypotheses, derive the time patterns of the response of the price level to a unit change in the money supply.(iv) For the two expectations hypotheses, derive the time pattern of the response of real output to a unit change in the money supply.(v) Discuss the differences implied by the two hypotheses for the impact of monetary policy on real output and prices.Explain the implications of the rational expectations assumption for the Explain the implications of the rational expectations assumption for the effectiveness of economic stabilization policy? Explain the implications of the rational expectations assumption for theH8. In order to gauge π^e , the rational expectation model predict the next period π ^e equals to ___________ inflation level . A. the current π B. short run equilibrium C. long run equilibrium D. yield of regular bond - yield of tips bond In order to gauge π^e , by applying the (rearranged) Fisher equation π^e = i − r, the predicted π^e equals to ______ inflation level. A. the current π B. short run equilibrium C. long run equilibrium D. yield of regular bond - yield of tips bond Which of the following characteristics of Phillips curve lead to a faster convergence from short run equilibrium to long run equilibrium. A. small ω B. large ω C. adapted π e forming mechanism D. rational π e forming mechanism Let us consider the following economic shock. The geopolitical conflict between Russia and Ukraine raised the oil/food prices, people expect higher inflation in the future. Thus π^e change to π ^e′ . The Phillips curve will shift _________(ABC) by __________(DEFG) amount .…
- Define rational expectations and explain the two rational expectation theories of the business cycle?? Definition of rational expectation: ......... Rational expectations theories. ...... ......Assume that the price level in an economy is stable with expected inflation initially equal to 3% in period 0. Further assume the economy is then hit by an expansion at the beginning of period 1, and employment remains at a constant high level until the beginning of period 4. With ‘time period’ on the xaxis and ‘inflation rate’ on the y-axis: (i) Plot the path of the bargaining gap (assume it is equal to 1%), inflation and expected inflation from period 1 to the end of period 4. (ii) Provide some reasons for why the bargaining gap might disappear after period 4, and state any other assumptions you are making. (iii) Explain how an increase in the central bank’s policy interest rate would affect the exchange rate through the market for financial assets (such as government bonds). What impact would this have on aggregate demand?define adaptive expectations what is its main implication
- Suppose an economy is characterized by the following three equations: where the first equation is an aggregate-supply function written in the form of an expectations-augmented Phillips curve, the second is an IS or aggregate-demand relationship, and the third is a money-demand equation, where ∆m denotes the growth rate of the nominal money supply. The real interest rate is denoted by r and the nominal rate by i, with Let the central bank implement policy by setting i to minimize the expected value of Assume that the policy authority has forecasts ef , uf , and vf of the shocks but that the public forms its expectations prior to the setting of i and without any information on the shocks. a. Assume that the central bank can commit to a policy of the form prior to knowing any of the realizations of the shocks. Derive the optimal commitment policy (i.e., the optimal values of c0, c1, c2, and c3). b. Derive the time-consistent equilibrium under discretion. How does the…Analyze the implications of the New Keynesian Approach for rational Expectations. State your assumptions very well.The economy shown here begins at a 0% output gap. Now suppose that banks begin to fear the risk of default and the risk premium rises by 2%. If inflation expectations remain unchanged, the actual inflation rate will be: A.) 2% higher B.) 1% higher C.) 1% Lower D.) 4% Lower
- Which statement correctly describes the "Yes - markets quickly self-adjust" view? A. Aggregate demand shocks are a more important cause of business cycles than aggregate supply shocks. B. Tax cuts should be used to accelerate economic activity. OC. Tax increases should be used to correct inflationary gaps. OD. Tax increases should be used to slow down economic activity.Consider the ASAD model of a closed economy with zero ongoing inflation and workers misperceptions. Firms are perfectly competitive, produce output with diminishing marginal returns to labour and have perfect foresight over the price level. Workers, instead, expect zero inflation in each period. At time zero, the economy is in the potential equilibrium. There is a negative shock on aggregate demand – for example, a permanent fall in desired autonomous consumption at time t = 1. What are the effects of the shock on the equilibrium real wage in the short and in the medium run?How do inflationary expectations influence interest rates on mortgage? Please elaborate by expressing your thoughts about your findings in at least