This study investigated the cognitive effects of stimulant medication in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Shown below are data for the Connors’ Continuous Performance Test (CPT) for 15 children diagnosed with ADHD. This is a visual vigilance task that requires the child to respond to the computer screen any time they see any letter other than “X”. An overall index is calculated that can be used to indicate attention problems based on reaction time, omission errors, and variability of responses. A higher number indicates more problems with attention. Children were given various daily dosages of a drug methylphenidate (MPH) – given 0, 5mg, 10mg, and 25mg). The order of doses was counterbalanced so that all children received all doses at one point in the experiment. The children were on each dose one week before taking the CPT test (so each child took the test four times). 0 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 11 9 11 10 10 7 9 10 11 10 10 9 10 9 10 11 9 7 9 8 7 7 8 8 10 11 10 10 11 10 10 11 10 9 9 11 9 8 8 9 10 9 9 9 8 8 9 10 10 9 10 8 12 11 11 9 9 10 10 8 QUESTION: Conduct the appropriate statistical analysis to determine if there is an effect of drug dose on CPT performance in ADHD patients.
Correlation
Correlation defines a relationship between two independent variables. It tells the degree to which variables move in relation to each other. When two sets of data are related to each other, there is a correlation between them.
Linear Correlation
A correlation is used to determine the relationships between numerical and categorical variables. In other words, it is an indicator of how things are connected to one another. The correlation analysis is the study of how variables are related.
Regression Analysis
Regression analysis is a statistical method in which it estimates the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variable. In simple terms dependent variable is called as outcome variable and independent variable is called as predictors. Regression analysis is one of the methods to find the trends in data. The independent variable used in Regression analysis is named Predictor variable. It offers data of an associated dependent variable regarding a particular outcome.
This study investigated the cognitive effects of stimulant medication in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Shown below are data for the Connors’ Continuous Performance Test (CPT) for 15 children diagnosed with ADHD. This is a visual vigilance task that requires the child to respond to the computer screen any time they see any letter other than “X”. An overall index is calculated that can be used to indicate attention problems based on reaction time, omission errors, and variability of responses. A higher number indicates more problems with attention.
Children were given various daily dosages of a drug methylphenidate (MPH) – given 0, 5mg, 10mg, and 25mg). The order of doses was counterbalanced so that all children received all doses at one point in the experiment. The children were on each dose one week before taking the CPT test (so each child took the test four times).
|
0 mg |
5 mg |
10 mg |
25 mg |
|
11 |
9 |
11 |
10 |
|
10 |
7 |
9 |
10 |
|
11 |
10 |
10 |
9 |
|
10 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
|
9 |
7 |
9 |
8 |
|
7 |
7 |
8 |
8 |
|
10 |
11 |
10 |
10 |
|
11 |
10 |
10 |
11 |
|
10 |
9 |
9 |
11 |
|
9 |
8 |
8 |
9 |
|
10 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
|
8 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
|
10 |
9 |
10 |
8 |
|
12 |
11 |
11 |
9 |
|
9 |
10 |
10 |
8 |
QUESTION: Conduct the appropriate statistical analysis to determine if there is an effect of drug dose on CPT performance in ADHD patients.
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