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To cause cancer, proto-genes require blank allele(s) to be mutated and therefore are considered blank.
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- Discuss the times in a person’s life when it is most important toavoid mutagens. Which parts of a person’s body should be the mosthighly protected from mutagens?in the cloning vector, what would be the plausible impacts if a mutation at the Ori site renders it non- functional?Given a mutation in the promoter, coding region, and/or non-coding region of a gene, explain how these three scenarios create new alleles of the same gene.
- In contrast with the genomic manipulations of animals and plants described in this chapter, human genetherapy is directed specifically at altering the genomes of somatic cells rather than germ-line cells.Why couldn’t or wouldn’t medical scientists try to alter the genome of human germ-line cells?. In selecting target cells to receive a transferred gene in gene therapy in an adult person, what factors do you think would have to be taken into account for a successful treatment?Most Mutations that Affect GeneExpression Reduce Gene Function WHy?
- Mutations outside the coding sequences can modify geneexpression by altering the amount, time, or place of__________ production.?The search for the BRCA1 breast cancer gene discussed in this chapter was widely publicized in the media (for example, Newsweek, December 6, 1993). Describe the steps taken by Mary-Claire King and her colleagues to clone this gene. How long did this process take?Our bodies are not defenseless against mutagens that alter our genomic DNA sequences. What mechanisms are used to repair DNA?
- When disrupting a mouse gene by knockout, why is it desirable to breed mice until offspring homozygous (-/-) for the knockout target gene are obtained?Which of the following types of physical mutagens produces thymine dimmer mutations? A- gamma rays B- X-rays C- ionizing radiation D- ultraviolet light E- microwaveAccording to the multi-hit model, more than one mutation must occur in a cell for cancer to develop. Once an oncogene has been formed by a mutation, what other type of gene must also mutate?
