Two coal-burning electric power plants are emitting mercury which impairs cognitive development in children. Plant A's marginal abatement cost is MCA= 1.2q and plant B's marginal abatement cost is MCB = 0.3q. Each firm initially emits 50 units and the EPA would like to reduce total emissions to 40. If the EPA follows a command-and-control policy and tells each firm to abate by the same amount, what will be the total costs? If firms could trade permits, what would happen to total costs? Why?
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- Two coal-burning electric power plants are emitting mercury which impairs cognitive development in children. Plant A's marginal abatement cost is MCA= 1.2q and plant B's marginal abatement cost is MCB = 0.3q. Each firm initially emits 50 units and the EPA would like to reduce total emissions to 40.
- If the EPA follows a command-and-control policy and tells each firm to abate by the same amount, what will be the total costs?
- If firms could trade permits, what would happen to total costs? Why?
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- Exton and Shill are 2 firms that can control emissions at the following marginal costs: MC1 = 400q1, MC2 = 200q2, where q1 and q2 are the amount of emissions reduced by Exton and Shill, respectively. Assume that with no control at all, each firm would be emitting 25 units of emissions. Estimate the cost-effective allocation of emissions control needed if a total reduction of 30 units of emissions is necessary.Respond to the question with a concise and accurate answer, along with a clear explanation and step-by-step solution, or risk receiving a downvote. n the table below are the marginal abatement costs of two firms. Note that an entry in the table indicates the cost of reducing emissions by one unit from the previous level. For example, $104 is the additional abatement cost for Firm 1 to reduce its emissions from 3 tons to 2 tons, and $40 is the cost for Firm 2 to reduce its emissions from 7 tons to 6 tons. 1.In an unregulated environment each firm produces 10 tons of emissions (20 tons total). Using the table above, what emissions levels (i.e., emissions standards) would you assign if you wanted to limit aggregate emissions to 7 tons in a cost-effective manner? Firm 1’s emissions level ________________ Firm 2’s emissions level ________________ 2.Given the emissions levels from Question 1, calculate the total abatement cost for each firm? Firm 1’s total abatement cost ________________…Appalachian Coal Mining believes that it can increase labor productivity and, therefore, net revenue by reducing air pollution in its mines. It estimates that the marginal cost function for reducing pollution by installing additional capital equipment is MC = 40P where P represents a reduction of one unit of pollution in the mines. It also feels that for every unit of pollution reduction, the marginal increase in revenue (MR) is MR = 1,000 - 10P How much pollution reduction should Appalachian Coal Mining undertake?
- Suppose there are 100 farmers each with 10 acres that overlie a common groundwater aquifer. They all have identical farmland that is more productive if wells are used to pump the groundwater for irrigation. They all face a marginal cost of $10 per well. The average productivity (in $ of crop output) of the wells of the common aquifer is given by AP = 100 – W where W is the number of wells drilled into the aquifer. 1a. Assume farmers act on their own how many wells will be drilled and how much rent will the aquifer generate. A. 45; 2025 B. 90; 2025 C. 60; 1000 D. 90; 0 E. 45; 0 F. None of the aboveThe cost of reducing lead contamination of water for BigManufacture Inc. is shown in the table below. BigManufacture Inc currently releases lead in to the local waterways at a concentration of 5 parts per billion. The government regulations sets a limit to the lead pollution at 2 parts per billion accompanied by a $30,000 fine per year for each part per billion beyond the 2 part limit. What is BigManufacture Inc likely to do? Reduction of Lead Cost By 1 part per billion $20,000/year By 2 parts per billion $45,000/year By 3 parts per billion $80,000/year Group of answer choices Reduce lead pollution by 1 part per billion. Reduce lead pollution by 2 parts per billion. Reduce lead pollution by 0 part per billion. Reduce lead pollution by 3 parts per billion.. Appalachian Coal Mining believes that it can increase labor productivity and, therefore, net revenue by reducing air pollution in its mines. It estimates that the marginal cost function for reducing pollution by installing additional capital equipment is MC=40P Where P represents a reduction of one unit of pollution in the mines. It also feels that for every unit of pollution reduction the marginal increase in revenue (MR) is MR=1000-10P How much pollution reduction should Appalachian Coal Mining undertake?
- Following are the marginal abatement costs of three firms . Suppose each firm is currently emitting 10 tons / week , so the total emissions are 30 tons / week . Suppose we wish to reduce total emissions by 50 % , to 15 tons per week . The following table provides marginal abatement costs for each firm . a ) What is the total cost if each firm cuts total emission by 50 % from their current levels . b ) What is the total cost if the total emissions decrease by 50 % ( to 15 tons per week ) that meets the equi - marginal principle . c ) From the society's point , which method of reducing ( a or b above ) emissions is better ? Provide a reason .Consider a market with two polluting firms with linear marginal abatement cost curves. Firm B has increasing marginal abatement costs that are everywhere half as high as Firm A’s marginal abatement costs. The maximum amount of pollution that can be tolerated is less than the total these two firms would emit if their pollution was unrestricted. Thus some aggregate amount of abatement is necessary. The pollutant in question is uniformly mixing, so it doesn’t matter which firm cuts back how much, only that between them, they cut back by the required total amount. The environmental agency decides to solve the abatement allocation problem by giving out pollution permits in amounts such that each firm would be obliged to cut back their emissions by an equal amount. Would this be “fair”? Would it be “efficient”?Firm A currently dumps 223 tons of chemicals into the local river. Firm B currently dumps 192 tons of chemicals into the local river. The government has decided to reduce the pollution and from now on will require a pollution permit for each ton of pollution dumped into the river. The government gives each firm 10 pollution permits. The abatement costs of one ton of pollution is $173 for Firm A and $76 for Firm B. What would be the total cost of reducing pollution, if the firms are allowed to trade permits between each other?
- The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic forced many companies to conduct business remotely rather than in office buildings. In many cases, these companies found it more cost-effective to remain working remotely after the pandemic. Fees for building rentals, electricity, and other expenses are not present when employees work from their homes. One challenge faced by this change in business practice is communication. Employees can no longer walk across the hall, or peek over their cubicle walls, to ask for clarification from their coworkers about an issue. Sunny Day Technology took advantage of this situation to develop and market new computer software to help corporations develop effective communication between virtual employees. Use the knowledge you’ve gained in this and previous Units to answer the following questions. Support your response by providing examples and details. How can More Sunny Day Technology Company market the right price for its new product? How can you comprehend…The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic forced many companies to conduct business remotely rather than in office buildings. In many cases, these companies found it more cost-effective to remain working remotely after the pandemic. Fees for building rentals, electricity, and other expenses are not present when employees work from their homes. One challenge faced by this change in business practice is communication. Employees can no longer walk across the hall, or peek over their cubicle walls, to ask for clarification from their coworker about an issue. More Sunny Day Technology took advantage of this situation to develop and market new computer software to help corporations develop effective communication between virtual employees. Use the knowledge you’ve gained in this and previous Units to answer the following questions. Support your response by providing examples and details. How can More Sunny Day Technology Company market the right price for its new product? How can you comprehend…Three roommates, Jim, Saleem, and Ritesh, are thinking about buying a new speaker system for their apartment. The speaker system would be a public good if they buy them, and the total cost would be $300 which would be shared equally among the three. Jim values it at $80, Saleem values it at $140, and Ritesh values it at $70. If the speakers are purchased each person gets a payoff equal to their net valuation (valuation minus cost share); if they are not purchased each gets zero payoff. a)Is it socially efficient that they buy the speaker system? With reference to the definition of a public good, why or why not? The roommates decide that they will write down their net valuations, and if these reports sum to more than zero, they will buy the TV (sharing the cost equally), or else they will not. b) If all were to report their true valuations, what payoff would each agent earn? c) Show that if Jim and Ritesh submit their true net valuation, then Saleem does better by submitting a false…