Typically, there is an ion gradient between the cytoplasm and the interior of synaptic vesicles. The ion gradient has a functional role. Which of the following statements best describes the ion gradient across the synaptic vesicle membrane and its role?

Typically, there is an ion gradient between the cytoplasm and the interior of synaptic vesicles. The ion gradient has a functional role. Which of the following statements best describes the ion gradient across the synaptic vesicle membrane and its role?

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter3: The Plasma Membrane And Membrane Potential

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2TAHL: Assume that a membrane permeable to Na+ but not to Cl- separates two solutions. The concentration of...

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Concept explainers

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.

Question

a.) There is a proton gradient across the synaptic vesicle membrane, and it provides the driving force for the transport of neurotransmitter into the vesicle.

b.) There is a sodium gradient across the synaptic vesicle membrane, and it provides the driving force for the transport of neurotransmitter into the vesicle.

c.) There is a proton gradient across the synaptic vesicle membrane, and it provides the driving force for the transport of neurotransmitter out of the vesicle.

d.) There is a sodium gradient across the synaptic vesicle membrane, and it provides the driving force for the transport of neurotransmitter out of the vesicle.

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