Under idealized Hardy-Weinberg conditions, which of the following is FALSE? [1] O mutation rates will increase with each generation O no new alleles would be added to the population's gene pool O there will be no change in alelle frequencies in a population over time O the population is so large that random affects don't change allele frequencies O all of these are true

Under idealized Hardy-Weinberg conditions, which of the following is FALSE? [1] O mutation rates will increase with each generation O no new alleles would be added to the population's gene pool O there will be no change in alelle frequencies in a population over time O the population is so large that random affects don't change allele frequencies O all of these are true

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter19: Population Genetics And Human Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2QP: How Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in Populations? The MN blood group is a single-gene,...

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In a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, 37% of the individuals exhibit the recessive trait (ss). a) What is the frequency of the dominant allele (S) in the population? b) What percent of the population possesses the dominant allele (S)?
In a certain population of frogs, 120 are green, 60 arebrownish green, and 20 are brown. The allele forbrown is denoted GB, while that for green is GG, andthese two alleles are incompletely dominant.a. What are the genotype frequencies in thepopulation?b. What are the allele frequencies of GBand GG inthis population?c. What are the expected frequencies of the genotypes if the population is at Hardy-Weinbergequilibrium?
Small population size causes genetic drift because ofchance sampling of different alleles from one generation to the next. We can predict how much geneticdrift occurs for a given population size using binomialsampling statistics. With a population of size N, wecan estimate that 95% of the time the allele frequency(p) in the next generation will be withinthe confidence interval of p ± 1.96 (√p(1 − p)2N ),where p(1 − p)2Nis an estimate of the statistical variancein allele frequencies from one generation to the nextwith random sampling of 2N alleles each generation. a. What is the confidence interval for p = 0.5 whenN = 100,000?b. What is the confidence interval for p = 0.5 whenN = 10?c. How are the results in parts (a) and (b) related tothe consequences of a population bottleneck?
Three basic predictions underlie genetic drift in populations: (1) As long as the population size is finite,some level of genetic drift will occur; thus, withoutnew mutations, all variation will drift either to fixationor to loss. (2) Drift happens faster in small populationsthan in large populations. (3) The probability that anallele is fixed (goes to a frequency of 1.0) is equal toits initial frequency (p) in the population, while itsprobability of loss from the population due to drift isequal to 1 − p. Given these three predictions:a. What is the allele frequency of a new autosomalmutation immediately after it occurs in a diploidpopulation of size N = 100,000?b. What is the allele frequency of a new autosomalmutation immediately after it occurs in a diploidpopulation of size N = 10?c. In which population does the new mutation have ahigher probability of going to fixation by chancewith genetic drift?
A large, random mating population is started with thefollowing proportion of individuals for the indicatedblood types:0.5 MM0.2 MN0.3 NNThis blood type gene is autosomal, and the M and Nalleles are codominant.a. Is this population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?b. What will be the allele and genotype frequenciesafter one generation under the conditions assumedfor Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?c. What will be the allele and genotype frequenciesafter two generations under the conditions assumedfor Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
The relative fitness values of three genotypes are wA/A =1.0, wA/a = 1.0, and wa/a = 0.7.a. If the population starts at the allele frequency p =0.5, what is the value of p in the next generation?b. What is the predicted equilibrium allele frequency ifthe rate of mutation of A to a is 2 × 10−5?
A hypothethical population of 10,000 humans has 6,840 individuals with the blood type AA, 2,860 individuals with blood type AB and 300 individuals with the blood type BB. What is the frequency of each genotype in this population? AA = AB = BB = What is the frequency of the A allele? What is the frequency of the B allele? If the next generation contained 25,000 individuals, how many individuals would have blood type BB, assuming the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equlibrium?
A recessive lethal allele has achieved a frequency of 0.22 due to genetic drift in a very small population. Based on natural selection, how would you expect the allele frequencies to change in the next three generations? Now: Your calculation can assume that genetic drift is not altering allele frequencies in either direction.
A hypothethical population of 10,000 humans has 6,840 individuals with the blood type AA, 2,860 individuals with blood type AB and 300 individuals with the blood type BB. What is the frequency of each genotype in this population? AA = AB = BB = What is the frequency of the A allele? What is the frequency of the B allele?
the frequency of allele a is 0.45 for a population inhardy-Weinberg equilibrium. What are the expectedfrequencies of genotypes AA, Aa, and aa?
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We have used a small population (52) of consistent and known age structure, with only four possible genetic states (four alleles of one gene). What does this exercise suggest to you about the effects of a bottleneck in populations involving hundreds of genes and alleles, some of which may be very rare (frequency 0.01 or less)? In other words, what are the limitations of this model compared to real populations?