Very different concentrations of Na+ ions exist in red blood cells (12 mM) and the blood plasma (165 mM) surrounding those cells. Solutions with two different concentrations separated by a membrane constitute a concentration cell.   (a) Calculate the electrochemical potential created by the unequal concentrations of Na+ at 310 K.

Q: RESONANCE THEORY 1. Explain why and when there is a need for using resonance theory ?

A: Resonance is the ability of system to move its pi electrons in the system. 2. The delocalized…

Q: b) For two of the carboxylic acids, do an ARIO analysis to explain their relative acidities.…

A:

Q: (b) Ni(CO) 3 (PMe3) has C3v symmetry. Using the information provided below determine how many v(CO)…

A:

Q: saturated aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, has a pH of 12.2. What is the…

A:

Q: Consider the reaction N₂(g) + 20₂(g) 2NO₂(g) Use the standard thermodynamic data in the tables…

A:

Q: The unknown compound that gives the following IR and NMR spectra has the formula C4H9Br. Based on…

A: Molecular formula C4H9Br

Q: (b) NaNH2 H₂O+ HgSO4 H3O+ NaBH 4 Si₂BH, H₂O₂ Show the mechanism for reaction (b): NaNH2 Br KMnO1…

A: Note : Terminal alkynes are treated with NaNH2 gives anion. This anion attacks on alkyl halides…

Q: Draw the NMR spectra for the following compounds C1–CH,CH,C–0-CH, --0-C₁, CH3CH₂O CH₂-COOCH₂CH3 |…

A:

Q: Consider the following element combinations. Classify the bonds formed between each pair as ionic,…

A: In this question, we have to classify the following pairs as ionic, polar covalent and non-polar…

Q: Write the appropriate reagents, conditions and products for the following electrophilic aromatic…

A: In this question we have to tell the product of the reaction.

Q: 5. Mechanisms Draw the mechanism for the following transformation (being sure to include all proton…

A:

Q: caves. Balance the following redox reactions. and identify the elements that are being reduced or…

A: Hii there, As there are multiple sub parts posted. we are answering first-three sub parts . If you…

Q: What is the correct mechanism and product for the following reaction? HBr A. H Br C. OA COB. O C.…

A:

Q: The freezing point of ethanol, CH3CH₂OH, is -117.30°C at 1 atmosphere. A nonvolatile, nonelectrolyte…

A:

Q: If ΔH° = 280 kJ/mol and ΔS° = 258 J/mol · K, above (>) or below (' (greater than) or '67)

A:

Q: The three molecules above are isomers of one another, yet they have different boiling points. Why…

A:

Q: A chemist designs a galvanic cell that uses these two half-reactions: half-reaction Br₂0+2e 2 Br…

A: This question is from chapter Electrochemistry where need to write balanced half cell reaction for…

Q: For the reaction, 2Cr2+ (aq) + Cl₂(g) →2Cr3+ (aq) + 2Cl(aq), the value of Eºcell is 1.73 volt. What…

A: Given:

Q: •Br 1er : Bri 1 : Br :: G- 1 Br: 6. square planar 7. square pyramidal trigonal planar 9. trigonal…

A: Molecular geometry takes into account only the bond pairs around the central atom.

Q: [DA ㅂ ㅂ Question 2 Answer all parts i) The acid dissociation constants for H₂S, Kai and Ka2 have…

A:

Q: Write the appropriate reagents, conditions and products for the following electrophilic aromatic…

A:

Q: Solvent Front 0 H Spotting Line 2. Which one is the more polar component? Explain

A:

Q: Calculate K at 298 K for the following reaction: 2 NO(g) + Cl₂(g) = 2 NOCI(g) X 4.01 X025 Standard…

A: Given reaction: 2 NO(g) + Cl2(g) ⇌ 2 NOCl(g) We have to calculate the value of K at 298 K for…

Q: Cite 3-5 possible applications of determining the melting point of a substance. Explain briefly.

A: In addition to that, melting point is often used to predict the partition behavior of a chemical…

Q: Using the thermodynamic information in the ALEKS Data tab, calculate the standard reaction entropy…

A: Calculate standard entropy change of the given reaction--

Q: The coffee cup calorimeter was determined to have a heat capacity of 8.5 J/ °C. The initial and…

A: Since heat capacity is given, we need to calculate the change in temperature. And we know  q=C∆T…

Q: Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is a strong base. Dissociation of potassium hydroxide follows the reaction…

A: Given data,Moles of KOH=0.20 molesTotal volume=0.50 L

Q: gh+lazad

A:

Q: Identify the most resonance stabilized structure. Formal charges are not shown. :NEN-Ö: :N=MÔ:…

A:

Q: Determine the term symbols for the electron configuration nsnp. Which term symbol

A: Determine the term symbols for the electron configuration ns1 np1.Which term symbol corresponds to…

Q: 1. Draw and name 3 isomers of 2-hexanone 2. Draw 6,6-dimethylheptanal. 3. Draw t-butyl methyl ether…

A:

Q: Predict and explain your prediction briefly, using resonance structures, whether 2,2,2-…

A: The solution is given below -

Q: Fill in the final products for the following Diels-Alder reactions: CH₂ H CN (1) CN (2) \\_// CH₂…

A: In this question we have to tell the product of the reaction.

Q: What is wrong with the following Lewis structures: :0: Br C nothing incorrect total number of…

A: Lewis structure of a molecule or ion is the representation of valence shell electrons of that…

Q: rock contains 0.398 g of Pb-206 to every 1.00 g of U-238. Determine the age of this rock assuming…

A:

Q: Argon has normal boiling and freezing points of 87.3 K and 83.8 K, respectively. The triple point of…

A: All the necessary calculations have been done in the following step.

Q: What is the mechanism of the phosphate buffer action? Write down the equations of these reactions.

A:

Q: INTERACTIVE EXAMPLE Gas Laws and Stoichiometry You are asked to design an air bag for a car. You…

A:

Q: The Kb of HONH2 is 1.1x10^-8 a. calculate the pH and percent dissociation of a solution…

A:

Q: The following equation was performed at 551 oC 3Y(s) + X(g) ⇌ M(g) + 2Z(g) The Kp of the reaction is…

A:

Q: What is the product of the following reaction? OH H2O ОН I. II. Ш. ОН OH IV. V. ОН ОН

A:

Q: Which molecules below will exhibit hydrogen bonding? Choose all that do. (a) CH3CH₂OH (b) CH2O (c)…

A: Hydrogen bonding is present in compounds having  F , N and O atoms  and hydrogen atoms.

Q: 5.7 mL of 0.1 mol/L HCI solution was added to 10 mL of buffer solution at pH 4.0. Calculate the…

A:

Q: The solubility equilibrium of iron(II) hydroxide is expressed as: Fe(OH)2 (s) ⇌ Fe2+(aq) + 2OH−(aq)…

A:

Q: What are the metabolites of Tabun(GA)? And at which points and in which reactions of the body do…

A:

Q: MOLECULAR ORBITAL THEORY 1. Explain the main difference between Molecular Orbital and Valence Bond…

A: "As you didn't specify question number you want hence I'm answering first question only. If you need…

Q: Question 18 For the following endothermic reaction: X(g) + Y(s) = 2Z(g). Circle which direction the…

A: According to Lechatellier  principle in a equllibrium  system  if you change temperature, pressure ,…

Q: Determine how much energy in kJ is absorbed when 6.03 g of HA, the limiting reactant, are completely…

A:

Q: Assuming that you have 0.65g of Y(OH)3, calculate the mass of of BaO2 required to react…

A: Given the mass of Y(OH)3 taken = 0.65 g  Molar mass of Y(OH)3 = 139.927 g/mol => moles of Y(OH)3…

Q: Provide the best mechanism for the formation of the illustrated products. Please show each…

A: GIVEN:   This is internal mechanism reaction in presence of catalyst.

Electrolysis

Electrolysis is defined as the process of breaking down ionic compounds into their constituent elements by passing a direct electric current through the compound in a fluid state. The cathode reduces cations, while the anode oxidizes anions. An electrolyte, electrodes, and some form of external power source are the main components required for conducting electrolysis. A partition, such as an ion-exchange membrane or a salt bridge, may also be used, but this is optional. These are primarily used to prevent the products from diffusing near the opposing electrode.