Viruses quickly evolve to be able to infect hosts. Hosts are not helpless in this, many hosts genes evolve quickly to make it harder for viruses to infect cells. Of the following which host genes do you expect to rapidly evolve? cytoskeleton genes histone genes transcription genes receptor genes

Q: In regards to viral infections, what is tissue tropism? The limited number of species that can be…

A: Viruses must bind to specific cell surface receptors to invade a cell. The presence of cellular…

Q: In contrast to eukaryotic cells, bacteria contain a single circular chromosome. divide by…

A: All of the above. To understand this question in detail, you need to know the difference between…

Q: Which of the following is NOT true about viruses? O a. The vast majority cause severe disease of…

A: Virus  Viruses are non living particles when present out side the host cell and when enters/ infects…

Q: An outbreak of Ebola between 2014 and 2016 resulted in 28,616 cases and 11,310 deaths in Guinea,…

A: Ebola virus disease (EVD), known as Ebola haemorrhagic fever, is a rare disease, but of the severe…

Q: In the process of transformation 1) cells take up DNA from their environment 2) DNA is transferred…

A: In transformation, the competent cells are made in which the cells are treated with chemicals or…

Q: Which protein has the function of making sure that the viral genes can be completely transcribed?…

A: The study of the processes of heritable knowledge in viruses, such as genome structure, replication,…

Q: For many years, scientist believed that proteins were the source of heritable information. There are…

A:

Q: As the coronavirus spread globally, its genome changed — mutated — as expected for any virus. These…

A: Viruses are considered as connecting link between the living and nonliving as it possesses the…

Q: Which of the following mutant lambda phages can still go through lytic life cycle - (select all…

A: Introduction :- Lambda phage is a bacteriophages that uses Escherichia coli as their host and…

Q: Why can’t RNA viruses have a big genome?    Why do RNA viruses have a high mutation rate?

A: Normally small RNA virus genomes sizes varies (2 to 32 kb) has been seen to found very high rates of…

Q: Many viruses that cause human diseases have ______ as their genetic material glycoproteins DNA RNA…

A: Many viruses that cause human diseases have ______ as their genetic material.

Q: Antibiotic resistance can spread throughout a bacterial population through multiple mechanisms.…

A: The gene transfer between different individuals of bacteria can occurs through two types, that…

Q: Why are viral infections so difficult to treat? Why do you think antiviral drugs cause severe side…

A: Bacteria and viruses are microorganisms that may be pathogenic. Almost all viruses are pathogenic…

Q: Tetracyclines are another kind of antibiotics that are made by fungi. They work by inhibiting…

A: Most of the microbes release some secondary metabolites;which are not required for their growth and…

Q: Viruses are typically much smaller than cells of bacteria, but viruses and bacteria share several…

A: The microorganism that potentially causes diseases in the host organism is referred to as a…

Q: One advantage of using bacteria and viruses for genetic study is the fact that they have haploid…

A: The half set of paired chromosomes in the cell is called the haploid genome. The cell that consist…

Q: Part 1. Transduction is a form of horizontal gene transfer that involves viral infections. random…

A: There are types of horizontal gene transfer -  Transformation Transduction Conjugation

Q: All of the following are true statements concerning plasmids EXCEPT: O 1) They can carry genes that…

A: Plasmid Many bacteria (as well as some yeasts and some fungi) include plasmids, which are looping…

Q: Read the clues and classify as Virus, Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, VIRUSES ARCHEABACTERIA EUBACTERIA…

A: Viruses are significantly smaller than bacteria, and they are made up of a single or double-stranded…

Q: BOTH (EU & ARCHEABACTERIA) VIRUSES ARCHEABACTERIA EUBACTERIA Have a protein coat Source of…

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Q: Viruses can carry out which of the processes described below? They can use the host cell to copy…

A: Viruses are those microorganisms and they can live inside the host cells or other living things.…

Q: Which of the following uses a virus to transfer DNA between two different cells? Conjugation…

A: Bacteria are prokaryotes. They have extra chromosomal contents called as plasmid. This is used as…

Q: Which of the following are true about bacteriophages (phages)? Select all correct answers A phage is…

A: Bacteriophages are considered the virus particles that possess a DNA or RNA genome that gets…

Q: Cell" is related to "bacteria" in the same way as _____ is related to "virus".     genome…

A: The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. A normal cell is made up of cell…

Q: Which biological entity does not contain genes

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Q: Horizontal gene transfer is defined as bacteria can acquire genes from other bacteria. new genetic…

A: Horizontal gene transfer: Horizontal gene transfer is also known as lateral gene transfer. In this…

Q: Antibiotics often target which components of microbial cells?   Choose all that apply. Group of…

A: Antibiotics are chemical compounds that are naturally occurring or synthetic which are used to…

Q: Which one of the following is not true for virus, obligate intracellular parasites?     Viruses…

A: Virus is an infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organisms.They are…

Q: Which biological system contains a protein nucleocapsid surrounding 2 antiparallel polynucleotide…

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: Many virologists note that viruses which have a genome made up of RNA will tend to evolve faster…

A: DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms.…

Q: The 1918 influenza strain killed millions of people world-wide. After recovering virus from…

A: The influenza virus, which infects the respiratory tract, causes influenza. The influenza virus is…

Q: The following statement(s) is/are .6 * correct about bacteriophages exiting Virions of…

A: For reproductive and metabolic functions, all viruses rely on living cells. Viruses cannot…

Q: Prions are tiny circular molecules of RNA that can infect plants mobile segments of DNA viral DNA…

A: These are infectious particles and can cause neurodegenerative disorders in brain as they are very…

Q: All viruses contain genetic material surrounded by a protein shell called a Answer. Answer.…

A: DNA virus: These are the virus whose genetic materials are DNA. They take over the host cell to…

Q: The advantage of yeast cells over bacterial cells to express human proteins is that: a. yeast cells…

A: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material in most organisms. Recombinant DNA (rDNA)…

Q: Why do RNA viruses seem to have higher rates of mutation? Selected Answer: RNA nucleotides are less…

A: RNA and DNA are the two genetic material most prominent found in nature (exceptions such as…

Q: Which of the following models best depicts how the genetic information in a retrovirus is eventually…

A: Retroviruses include human immunodeficiency virus type 1, which causes AIDS, and human…

Q: The virus causing the 2009 Flu Pandemic contained sequences from bird, pig, and humans. Why? The…

A: Viruses have high recombination and mutation rates. When they gain entry into the living cell they…

Q: Which of the following is true regarding bacteria and antibiotics? Some bacteria have a lysogenic…

A: Bacteria are prokaryoyic organisms,  virus are obligate parasites .antibiotics are chemicals from…

Q: Which form of horizontal gene transfer is shown in the following diagram? Transformation Conjugation…

A: The migration of genetic code across unicellular and/or multicellular life forms between one…

Q: Why must primary cell cultures be restarted every so often when preparing primary cell cultures to…

A: Primary cell cultures are derived from tissue and not modified, they are more similar to the in vivo…

Q: You infect bacterial cells with an experimental, bacteriophage which consists of the T4 protein coat…

A: Phages are the viruses that infect bacteria. They do so by injecting their genetic material in…

Q: Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of the antibiotic streptomycin?…

A: Streptomycin is a broad spectrum of antibiotics that can act against both gram-positive and…

Q: Mitochondria are thought to be the descendants of certain alpha proteobacteria. They are, however,…

A: Recombination - Recombination is a new combination of genes. It occurs during crossing over.…

Q: The DNA in _______________________ and ________________________ is similar in many ways to DNA of…

A: DNA is a genetic material of many Prokaryotic Or eukaryotic organism. Each cell have a genetic…

Q: All of these are example of the horizontal gene transfer EXCEPT: transduction transferring genes via…

A: A Coding Sequence (CDS) is DNA or RNA sequence that codes for amino acids during translation. It…

Q: Viruses, although not considered to be alive, attack host cells and cause disease. The attack of a…

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) stores the cell’s genetic information and is present in the nucleus of…

Q: A: Which of the following is not a reason that microbes benefit from horizontal gene transfer?…

A: Introduction Horizontal gene transfer is a method by which directly genes are exchanged between two…

Q: iruses variously depend on their host cell for parts of the viral replication and maturation…

A: The process of using the host cellular machinery for its process is one of the basic mechanisms…

Viral Replication

The virus is acellular and considered non-living outside the host cell. The replication of the virus occurs only inside the living cells. Only a few genes are present in the smallest virus, whereas many genes are present in the largest virus. These genes encode specific viral proteins.