was conducted among 5,000 men older than 65 years to examine the relationship between heavy alcohol consumption and the onset of atrial fibrillation. The men were assessed each year. Men who drank heavily contributed a total of 12,500 person-years of observation and 250 of those who drank heavily developed atrial fibrillation. A total of 24,000 person-years were observed for the entire study. And 100 men who did not drink heavily developed atrial fibrillation. What was the cumulative incidence of atrial fibrillation in the study assuming no men had atrial fibrillation at the beginning of the study? What was the point prevalence of atrial fibrillation at the beginning of the study?

was conducted among 5,000 men older than 65 years to examine the relationship between heavy alcohol consumption and the onset of atrial fibrillation. The men were assessed each year. Men who drank heavily contributed a total of 12,500 person-years of observation and 250 of those who drank heavily developed atrial fibrillation. A total of 24,000 person-years were observed for the entire study. And 100 men who did not drink heavily developed atrial fibrillation. What was the cumulative incidence of atrial fibrillation in the study assuming no men had atrial fibrillation at the beginning of the study? What was the point prevalence of atrial fibrillation at the beginning of the study?

Holt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition 2012

1st Edition

ISBN:9780547587776

Author:HOLT MCDOUGAL

Publisher:HOLT MCDOUGAL

Chapter11: Data Analysis And Probability

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8CR

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

A five year study was conducted among 5,000 men older than 65 years to examine the relationship between heavy alcohol consumption and the onset of atrial fibrillation. The men were assessed each year. Men who drank heavily contributed a total of 12,500 person-years of observation and 250 of those who drank heavily developed atrial fibrillation. A total of 24,000 person-years were observed for the entire study. And 100 men who did not drink heavily developed atrial fibrillation. What was the incidence density among heavy drinking men? What was the incidence density among non-heavy drinking men? What was the rate ratio and interpret ?
An experiment to determine if a migraine medication decreases a person's average number of monthly migraines is performed on 400 people who report they have several migraines a month. Researchers randomly assigned 200 people to the treatment group and 200 people to the control group. After the study, the researchers determined that 48 of the subjects in the treatment group and 28 of the subjects in the control group average fewer migraines per month. The data from the two groups are resampled 150 times, and the table shows the distribution of the differences of the proportions for the reconfigured treatment and control groups.
The Diabetes Control and Complications trial research group, randomly assigned volunteers with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, but without retinopathy, either to a conventional treatment or to a more intensive treatment aimed at maintaining normal blood glucose levels. The volunteers' health was monitored closely for approximately six years. By the end of the study, 91 patients out of 378 in the conventional treatment group had developed retinopathy, whereas 23 out of 348 in the intensive treatment group had developed retinopathy. Test whether the rates of retinopathy differed significantly between the two treatment groups, if they did, which rate was significantly lower. 1. Provide the null hypothesis 2. Provide the alternative hypotheses 3. calculate the appropriate test statistic. Show all work 4. Identify the p-value for that test statistic 5. Using the p-value method and an alpha level of 0.02 state what your conclusions are regarding the null hypothesis, and…
The Diabetes Control and Complications trial research group, randomly assigned volunteers with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, but without retinopathy, either to a conventional treatment or to a more intensive treatment aimed at maintaining normal blood glucose levels. The volunteers' health was monitored closely for approximately six years. By the end of the study, 91 patients out of 378 in the conventional treatment group had developed retinopathy, whereas 23 out of 348 in the intensive treatment group had developed retinopathy. Test wether the rates of retionpathy differed significantly betweenthe two treatment groups, if they did, which rate was significantly lower. 1. Provide the null hypothesis 2. Provide the alternative hypotheses 3. calculate the appropriate test statistic. Show all work 4. Indentify the p-value for that test statistic 5. Using the p-vlaue method and an alpha level of 0.02 state what your conclusions is regarding the null hypothesis, and…
The authors of the article "Adjuvant Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy in Node-Positive Premenopausal Women with Breast Cancer"† reported on the results of an experiment designed to compare treating cancer patients with chemotherapy only to treatment with a combination of chemotherapy and radiation. Of the 154 individuals who received the chemotherapy-only treatment, 76 survived at least 15 years, whereas 98 of the 164 patients who received the hybrid treatment survived at least that long. With p1 denoting the proportion of all such women who, when treated with just chemotherapy, survive at least 15 years and p2 denoting the analogous proportion for the hybrid treatment, p̂1 = (rounded to three decimal places) and p̂2 = (rounded to three decimal places). A confidence interval for the difference between proportions based on the traditional formula with a confidence level of approximately 99% is 0.494 − 0.598 ± (2.58) (0.494)(0.506) 154 + (0.598)(0.402) 164…
The director of an obesity clinic in a large northwestern city believes that drinking soft drinks contribute to obesity in children. To determine whether a relationship exists between these two variables, she conducts the following pilot study. Eight- 12-year-old male volunteers are randomly selected from children attending a local junior high school. Parents of the children are asked to monitor the number of soft drinks consumed by their child over a one week period. The children are weighed at the end of the week and their weights converted into body mass index (BMI) values. The BMI is a common index used to measure obesity and takes into account both height and weight. An individual is considered obese if they have a BMI value 30. The following data or collected: child. # of soft drinks consumed BMI 1 3 20 2 1 18 3…
A study was performed to investigate whether teens and adults had different habits when it comes to consuming meat-free meals. In particular, the researchers were interested in the relationship between p1, the proportion of teens who would report eating at least one meat-free meal in the past week, and p2, the proportion of adults who would report eating at least one meat-free meal in the past week. A random sample of 875 teens and a separate random sample of 2,323 adults found that 555 of the teens and 1,601 of the adults reported eating at least one meat-free meal in the past week. The conditions for inference were checked and verified. The z-statistic for this hypothesis test was z = –2.95. Based on this z-statistic, what is the P-value and what is the conclusion the researchers should reach for this test? A. The P-value = 0.0016 and, because this P-value is very small, the conclusion should be that teens and adults differ in the proportion of their meat-free meals. B. The…
A hearing specialist conducts a study on hearing loss at certain frequencies among a group of patients in a retirement community. Of 94 residents tested, 10 had significant hearing loss at low frequencies but not high, 40 had a significant loss at high frequencies but not low, and 26 showed no significant hearing loss at all. How many residents had hearing loss at both low and high frequencies?
A study investigated the joint effects of sleep quality and sleep duration on the development of coronary heart disease (CHD). A total of 60,586 individuals aged 40 and older with no current or prior history of CHD were enrolled into the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on sleep quality and duration at the start of the study, and 43,910 participants reported getting ³6 hours of sleep per day. Participants were followed for approximately 12 years, for a total of 152,000 person-years among those getting <6 hours sleep/day and 527,000 person-years among those getting ³6 hours sleep/day. Out of 2,740 participants who developed CHD throughout follow-up, 721 participants reported getting <6 hours of sleep per day at baseline. Question 10: What is the incidence rate of coronary heart disease among all participants in the study?
A heart study objective was to study heart disease among healthy volunteers.After a 10-year follow-up period involving men aged 40 to 59, there were 16 casesof coronary heart disease (CHD) among the 454 men who initially had cholesterollevels below 210 mg/100 ml (referred to as the low serum cholesterol group). Incontrast, among the 424 men whose initial cholesterol levels were at least 245mg/100 ml (referred to as the high serum cholesterol group), there were 51 cases ofCHD. With this information, Draw a 2x2 contingency table then calculate the relative risk (RR) associated with high serum cholesterol and provide an interpretation of the result.
Although arsenic is known to be a poison, it also has some beneficial medicinal uses. In one study of the use of arsenic to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a rare type if blood cancer, APL patients were given an arsenic compound as part of their treatment. Of those receiving arsenic, 32% were in remission and showed no signs of leukemia in subsequent examination. It is known that 18% of APL patients go into remission after conventional treatment. Suppose that the study had included 100 randomly selected patients. Is there sufficient evidence to conclude that the proportion in remission for the arsenic treatment is greater than 0.18, the remission proportion for conventional treatment? a. Test the hypothesis at the 0.01 significance level. b. Construct and interpret a 99% confidence interval for the true proportion of APL patients who go into remission after using arsenic. Does the inference drawn from this interval match the conclusion from the test that you did in part…
A double-blind randomized experiment compared the effects of the drug Lorcaserin and a placebo on weight loss in overweight adults. All subjects were also required to undergo diet and exercise counseling. The study involved 1000 participants where half of them would take Lorcaserin and half the placebo. The researchers found that after a year the treatment group had an average weight loss of 5.8 kg while the placebo group had an average weight loss of 3.9 carmona, kg. Based on this information researchers need to decide if Locarserin can be a possible treatment for weight loss. a. What would be a Type I error in this context? Your answer should consist of both the researchers’ decision and what the reality is. b. What would be a Type II error in this context? Your answer should consist of both the researchers’ decision and what the reality is.