Water is a good solvent for many substances. What is the molecular basis for this property, and why is it significant?

Q: Why do do volatile substances,like alcohol and acetone, produce a cooling effect on a surface from…

A: In the process of evaporation, the liquid changes into the gaseous (vapor) state. The physical state…

Q: Q. 2. How does temperature influence the surface tension and viscosity of ionic liquids and their…

A: Increase in temperature will cause decrease of intermolecular attraction forces and decrease the…

Q: A substance with stronger intermolecular forces is expected to have lower: A) molar mass B)…

A: Vapor pressure: At any temperature liquid molecules have their kinetic energies. The kinetic energy…

Q: Recognize the features of molecules that favor formation of liquid crystalline phases?

A: Liquid crystal are the substances which have mixture of properties of both liquid and crystal.

Q: In terms of their bulk properties, how do liquids and solids differ? How are they similar?

A: Solids and liquids are among the three state of matter they are different in terms of, the solids…

Q: Explain why water will evaporate even at cold temperatures if left in an open container.

A: The conversion of a substance from its liquid phase to vapor phase below its boiling point is known…

Q: Explain each of these properties of water, and describe how each is conferred by the dipolar nature…

A:

Q: The vapor pressure of water at 25 degrees celsius is 23.76 torr. If 1.25 g of water is enclosed in…

A: The pressure of water vapor is calculated in the units of atm as follows:

Q: Which of the following substances would you expect to have the higher vapor pressure: CH3OH or…

A: To Find: To find which substance has the highest vapor pressure among CH3OH and CH3Cl.

Q: Which of the following would be expected to have the lowest vapor pressure at room temperature?…

A: More is the volatility of compound; more will be the vapour pressure of compound.

Q: How does temperature influence the surface tension and viscosity of ionic liquids and their…

A: Surface tension arises due to the cohesive nature of the of molecules in a solution or it is defined…

Q: Why water expand in the form of ice?

A: As we know water is generally present in the liquid form. But it also exist in steam form at higher…

Q: Describe the molecular basis of the property of water responsible for the presence of ice on the…

A: The melting point of water is 0oC. So whenever the temperature of the surroundings drops below 0oC,…

Q: Describe how to obtain the melting point of a compound that sublimates. Why?

A: The melting point means the temperature when a solid substance melts into a liquid substance. That…

Q: For what types of substances is water a good solvent? For what types is it a poor solvent? Explain

A: Solute whose intermolecular attraction to solvent molecule is less than attraction of two solvent…

Q: Enough of a volatile liquid is placed in a closed container to achieve a liquid-vapor equilibrium.…

A: Given statement is :  Options are :

Q: Which of these factors is not influenced by the vapor pressure? change from the liquid phase to the…

A: The physical process in which the state of the compound changes from liquid to gas is called boiling…

Q: What phenomenon does hydrogen bonding in water create to enable certain insects to walk on puddles…

A: Hydrogen Bonding It is the bonding that occurs between Hydrogen and an electronegative atom (F, N,…

Q: How can equilibrium vapor pressure be decreased?

A: How can equilibrium vapor pressure be decreased has to be given.

Q: For liquids, which of the factors affect vapor pressure? O humidity volume O temperature O surface…

A: Vapour pressure of any liquid is defined as the partial pressure of the vapours of liquid present in…

Q: Explain why the temperature remains constant during the process of melting and condensation.

A: The temperature remains constant during the process of melting because the physical state of the…

Q: Explain the triple point of water

A: Phase diagram represents conversion of one phase into another phase at different temperature and…

Q: The enthalpy of vaporization of water is larger than its enthalpy of fusion. Explain why.

A: Given:It is given that,"The enthalpy of vaporization of water is larger than its enthalpy of…

Q: 1. Based on the phase diagram of water explain the principle involve in each of the following:…

A: A .pressure cooking works on a simple principle: Steam pressure. A sealed pot, with a lot of steam…

Q: How much water at its boiling point can be vaporized by adding 1.50kJ of heat?

A: Given that, q =  1.5 kJ heat is added to water at boiling point 1000C. Heat of vaporization of water…

Q: 1 Based on your observation, how can you identify the intermolecular forces of liquid on a given…

A: 1. Longer it takes to evaporate from surface of coin higher is the strength of intermolecular forces…

Q: If the vacuum pump has sufficient capacity and is left on for an extended period of time, the liquid…

A: The boiling point of liquid nitrogen at atmospheric pressure is 77K.

Q: Highest vapor pressure CCl2O, CH2O or CBr2O

A: EXPLANATION: Vapour pressure vary with boiling point as they are inversely proportional to each…

Q: Based on the phase diagram for water, explain how it is possible to skate on ice, that is, solid…

A: Phase diagrams: The different phases of a system can be represented in a diagram called a phase…

Q: Between ethanol CH3CH2OH and Water H2O, which molecule would you expect to have a lower vapor…

A: Given statement is :  Between ethanol CH3CH2OH and Water H2O, which molecule would you expect to…

Q: The physical properties of water can be explained by:

A: Physical properties can be measured without changing the identity and composition of the substance.…

Q: Describe the two main factors leading to sea-level rise, and relate them to the phase changes of…

A: There are various factors responsible for the rise in the sea-water level.  Below are the two main…

Q: For each pair, predict which one will have the higher value for vapor pressure when it is in the…

A: We know that, vapour pressure of the compound is Inversly proportional to boiling point.  That…

Q: Why is solid carbon dioxide called dry ice? How does it differ from solid water in behavior?

A: regular ice that is solid water is made by simply freezing water at freezing point temperatures.…

Q: Draw a generic phase diagram and label its important features.

A: The phase diagram is a diagram that shows the change in the phase of any object on changing the…

Q: 7. Explain, in terms of the strength of intermolecular forces, why the boiling point of diethyl…

A: The boiling point of solvent is the temperature at which solvent pressure is equal to atmospheric…

Q: Of all the properties of water, what is the most important one which makes it a unique substance…

A: Water is an essential component of our lives. Water is considered to be the universal solvent.

Q: Consider a planet where the pressure of the atmosphere at sea level is 2500 mmHg. Does water behave…

A:

Q: 3. Explain the process of sublimation. Name one substance that sublimes at room temperature and…

A: conversion of solid state to gaseous state directly of a particular compound.

Q: Why do do volatile substances,like alcohol and acetone, produce a cooling effect on a surface from…

A: Volatile substances are those substances that can change their state from liquid to vapor phase…

Q: 2. What is vapor pressure? Explain this by discussing the effects or application of vapor pressure…

A: At every temperature, there exists an equilibrium between vapor and liquid state of the substance.…

Q: Describe what is meant by a dynamic equilibrium in terms of the vapor pressure of a liquid

A: liquid is in dynamic equilibrium with its vapor phase, the rates of evaporation and condensation are…

Q: What is the dominant force holding the units together in solid benzoic acid?

A: Intermolecular force present in benzoic acid

Q: What is the relationship between strength of intermolecular forces and capillarity

A: When intermolecular forces are stronger, then the difference in energy increases between gas and…

Q: Why does the vapor pressure of a liquid decreases as the strength of its intermolecular forces…

A: The vapor pressure is defined as the pressure a gas exerts when the gas is in equilibrium with the…

Q: Chloroform (HCCl3) is capable is capable of weak hydrogen bonding. Explain.

A: The basic condition for the formation of hydrogen bonds is that a highly electronegative element…

Q: 1. Does the diagram best describe a crystalline solid, a liquid, or a gas? Explain.  2. In terms of…

A: Both a conventional fluid and a nematic fluid precious stone stage are liquids, however just in a…

Q: a. Carbon dioxide is gas but water is liquid at room temperature-Illustrate with suitable phase…

A:

Q: Hydrogen bonding causes water to have which unique properties? O high melting point O high boiling…

A: * Hydrogen  bonding  is the force of attraction   exist between hydrogen and more  electronegative…

States of Matter

The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates). 

Chemical Reactions and Equations

When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.