Water purification facilities are in the planning stage, with expected lives of 10 years. Two final plans are being compared using a MARR of 15%. Which alternative is preferred using incremental IRR? First Cost O&M Cost Alt. A $1,200,000 30,000 Alt. B $800,000 20,000
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- build a model Each of the three alternatives shown has a 5-yearuseful life. MARR is 10%, a) Using FW, which alternative should be selected? B) Using benefit–cost ratio analysis, which alternative should be selected? C) what is the discounted payback period of each alternative? A B C Cost $ 650.00 $ 500.00 $ 250.00 Uniform annual benefit $ 180.00 $ 140.00 $ 66.00 Useful life, years 3 6 3Ronald McDonald decides to install a fuel storage system for his farm that will save him anestimated 6.5 cents/gallon on his fuel cost. He uses an estimated 20,000 gallons/year on his farm.Initial cost of the system is $10,000 and the annual maintenance the first year is $25 and increasesby $25 each year thereafter. After a period of 10 years the estimated salvage is $3,000. If moneyis worth 12%, is it a wise investment?Determine which alternative is the most viable by incremental B / C (values in thousands),considering an interest rate of 3%A B C D E FInitial cost 500 550 300 550 500 600Total annual costs $ 360 480 180 600 300 660Annual income $ 550 620 325 900 550 800Against annual profits 300 300 400 300 300 200 ---Methods of economic evaluation of alternatives----
- Three mutually exclusive alternatives are being considered. A B C Initial Investment $50,000 $22,000 $15,000 Annual Net Income $5,093 $2,077 $1,643 Rate of Return 8% 7% 9% Each alternative has a 20-year useful life with no salvage value. If the MARR is 7%, which alternative should be selected? (ANS: ∆IRRB-C=2.14%, Eliminate B, ∆IRRA-C=7.56%, Select A) How do you work this out?1.b You are faced with a decision on an investment proposal. Specifically, the estimated additional income from the investment is $125,000 per year; the investment cost is $400,000; and the first year estimated expense of $20,000 and will increase a rate of 5% per year. Assume an 8-year analysis period, no salvage value, and MARR = 15% per year. What is the ERR ( Ԑ=MARR) of this proposal? show whole solution, not in excel pleaseMethods of Economy Studies An investment of P 250,000 can be made in a project that will produce a uniform annual revenue of P 192,800 for 5 years and then have a salvage value of 10% of the first cost. Operation and maintenance will be P 72,000 per year. Taxes and insurance will be 4% of the first cost per year. The company expects capital to earn 20% before income taxes. Show whether or not the investment is justified economically using1. Present Worth (PW) method2. Future Worth (FW) method3. Annual Worth (AW) method4. Rate of Return (ROR) method5. Payback (Payout) method
- 1.) Clinix is considering four independent projects. Given: All the projects will be economically viable for only 10 years; Company’s MARR = 12% per year Find: Which project should be selected based on a present worth analysis. *Note* Financial values are in $1,000 units. Project A Project B Project C Project D First Cost ($) -2,700 -1,400 -10,000 -9,500 Annual Net Profit ($/year) 800 1,200 2,400 3,200 Salvage Value ($) 25 30 45 60Here, for an alternative with an initial cost of $350 and an annual benefit of $47.50 that increases by $10 each years. use a 8-year useful life and an 6%MARR to calculate: A. Future worth? B. Standard Benefit-cost Ratio? (Find both)BASED ON ESTIMATES THE DATA FOR TWO TYPES OF BRIDGES WITH DIFFERENT LIVES ARE AS FOLLOWS. IFTHE MINIMUM RATE OF RETURN IS 9%, DETERMINE W/C PROJECT IS MORE DESIRABLE. TIMBER BRIDGE STEEL BRIDGEFIRST COST P 50,000.00 P 140,000.00SALVAGE VALUE 2,000.00 10,000.00LIFE IN YEARS 12 36ANNUAL MAINTENANCE 6,000.00 2,500.00EVALUATE USING:A.) THE ANNUAL COST METHODB.) PRESENT WORTH COST METHODC.) RATE OF RETURN METHOD
- 1. The Present Worth Method A project your firm is considering for implementation has these estimated costs and revenues: an investment cost of $50,000; maintenance costs that start at $5,000 at the end of year (EOY) 1 and increase by $1,000 for each of the next 4 years, and then remain constant for the following 5 years; savings of $20,000 per year (EOY 1–10); and finally a resale value of $35,000 at the EOY 10. If the project has a 10-year life and the firm’s MARR is 10% per year, what is the present worth of the project? Is it a sound investment opportunity?A proposed project has the following costs and benefits. Using linear interpolation, the project’s discounted payback period (use i=10%) is _____________. Year Costs Benefits 0 $4,000 1 $1,200 2 $1,200 3 1,000 4 1,000 5 3,000 6 2,000 A. 6.35 years B. 5.82 years C. 4.24 years D. 3.37 yearsA project is being considered that has a first cost of $12,500, creates $5000 in annual cost savings, requires $3000 in annual operating costs, and has a salvage value of $2000 after a project life of 3 years. If interest is 10% per year, which formula calculates the project’s present worth? (a) PW = 12,500(P/F, 10%, 1) + (− 5000 + 3000) (P/A, 10%, 3) − 2000(F/P, 10%, 3) (b) PW = − 12,500 + (5000 − 3000) (P/A, 10%, 3 ) − 2000(P/F, 10%, 3) (c) PW = 12,500(F/P, 10%, 3) + (5000 − 3000) (F/A, 10%, 3) + 2000 (d) PW = − 12, 500 + 5000(P/A, 10%, 3) − 3000 (P/A, 10%, 3) + 2000(P/F, 10%, 3)