We know the action potential threshold regulates whether a neuron fires an action potential or not. What sets this threshold? Is the action potential threshold the same for all neurons? Why or why not?
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We know the action potential threshold regulates whether a neuron fires an action potential or not. What sets this threshold? Is the action potential threshold the same for all neurons? Why or why not?
Action potential refers to the rapid increase followed by decrease in the voltage or membrane potential across a cellular membrane. These potential difference helps in propagating signals across the CNS i.e. the Central Nervous System and the PNS i.e. Peripheral Nervous System.
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- Figure 35.11 Potassium channel blockers, such as amiodarone and procainamide, which are used to treat abnormal electrical activity in the heart, called cardiac dysrhythmia, impede the movement of K+ through voltage-gated K+ channels. Which part of the action potential would you expect potassium channels to affect?When action potentials arrive at a synapse between a neuron and another cell, they stimulate the release of molecules of a ________ that diffuse over to that cell.Define an action potential.
- Conformational changes in channel proteins brought about by voltage changes are responsible for opening and closing Na+ and K+ gates during the generation of an action potential. (True or false?)Assume presynaptic excitatory neuron A terminates on a postsynaptic cell near the axon hillock and presynaptic excitatory neuron B terminates on the same postsynaptic cell on a dendrite located on the side of the cell body opposite the axon hillock. Explain why rapid firing of presynaptic neuron A could bring the postsynaptic neuron to threshold through temporal summation, thus initiating an action potential, whereas firing of presynaptic neuron B at the same frequency and the same magnitude of EPSPs may not bring the postsynaptic neuron to threshold.You observe that a neuron treated with a metabolic inhibitor which prevents ATP generation still can generate action potentials even when the cell has little ATP, but the neuron eventually loses the ability to generate action potentials. What does this tell you about the direct mechanism for regenerating the resting potential after an action potential?
- Neurons, particularly those in the brain, receive multiple excitatory and inhibitory signals. What is the name of the extension of the neuron at which such signals are received? How does the neuron integrate these signals to determine whether or not to generate an action potential?The axon hillock of a neuron reaches the threshold of excitation and the membrane potential becomes completely reversed. Then, suddenly, the membrane potential begins to return to resting membrane potential. What is the event that triggers this return to resting potential? A. Na+ channels close in a voltage-dependent manner B. Na+ channels close in a time-dependent manner C. Na+ channels close in a chemically-dependent manner D. Na+ channels open in a voltage-dependent mannerWhy does neuronal function require the voltage-gated K+ channels to open moreslowly than the voltage-gated Na+ channels and how would you expect the voltage-gated K+ channels to affect the shape of an action potential curve?
- If the plasma membrane of an electrically excitable cellwere depolarized to threshold in the center of the axon orsarcolemma, would the action potential be propagated inonly one direction? Why or why not?Describe how following a threshold stimulus, a action potential is carried along an unmyelinated axon? How does this differ from an action potential passing through a mylenated axon?Diagram an Action potential: an action potential graph showing the 4 steps of an action potential AND what is happening to the sodium voltage-gated channels and voltage-gated potassium channels at each step
