WHAT IF? Suppose gene A is orthologous in species 1and species 2, and gene B is paralogous to gene A inspecies 1. Suggest a sequence of two evolutionary eventsthat could result in the following: Gene A differs considerably between species, yet gene A and gene B show littledivergence from each other.

Q: variation selection adaptation 4. The diagram above shows the process of natural selection. What is…

A: Natural selection It is the natural process of adaptation of organisms into more stable state to…

Q: 6. In the activity you did in the last class, you made a prediction about which prides lived closer…

A: The image is of a phylogenetic tree.

Q: WHAT IF? The myxoma virus kills up to 99.8% of infectedEuropean rabbits in populations with no…

A: A virus is a sub-microscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an…

Q: WHAT IF? The increased fertility of the experimental hybrids could haveresulted from natural…

A: Experimental hybrids refer to the hybrid organisms that are the product of the two organisms of…

Q: Effect of geographic distance from Africa on human genetic diversity - Why do humans have a low…

A: Genetic Diversity is the diversity of genetic characteristics expressed or recessive within a…

Q: WHAT IF? Suppose that two species, A and B, havesimilar appearances but very divergent gene…

A: Homology and analogy are two main concepts in evolution. In homology, certain structures are evolved…

Q: MAKE CONNECTIONS Develop a hypothesis to explainwhy the diversity of mammals increased in the…

A: The Cenozoic era is sixty-six million years of age and is continuing. The Cenozoic era is the…

Q: 5. Analogy and homology are important concepts used in comparing species. Which of the following…

A: Evolution is the process through a living organism acquires new characters over a period of time due…

Q: 1. BUILD YOUR OWN CLADOGRAM. DIRECTIONS: Given the following organisms, create a simple cladogram…

A: Cladogram is use to construct to show the difference and similarities between different organisms…

Q: WHAT IF? Suppose a molecular clock dates the divergence of two taxa at 80 million years ago, but new…

A: Molecular clock is also known as evolutionary dock or gene clock. It is based on observation of…

Q: 10) If you determine that 2 similar organisms distinctly different ways of interacting with other…

A: The organisms are classified as different species based on different concepts. To describe the…

Q: loT in the Wake of COVID-19: A Survey on Contributions, Challenges and Evolution MUSA NDIAYE®1,…

A: Ans: IoT: It is referred to as Internet of Things, it is the system of interrelated, internet…

Q: Hello, I need help answering number 1 (INCLUDING SUB-PARTS) true or false questions. Pls and thank…

A: Adaptive evolution is evolutionary changes in an organism that make the organisms better adapted to…

Q: Lake Malawi in Africa is home to about 200 species of allopatrically speciated cichlid fish.…

A: When two populations of the same species are isolated from each other due to geographic changes then…

Q: Which of the following is/are a primitive characteristic associated with members of the phylogenetic…

A: A primate is any member of the biological order Primates, the group that contains all the species…

Q: Evolution in Humans 1) explain what evolutionary mechanisms are involved in creating variation in…

A: There are few evolutionary mechanisms that are involved in bringing variation in populations. these…

Q: MAKE CONNECTIONS Describe how Tiktaalik’sfeatures illustrate Darwin’s concept of descentwith…

A: Step 1 Charles Darwin defined evolution as “descent with modification” the idea that species can…

Q: ylogeny the following questions in the spaces provided v character exhibit evolutionary convergence…

A: 1.When different organisms independently evolve similar charachters , they look similar but are…

Q: WHAT IF? In several different animal lineages, organisms with a head first appeared around 530…

A: An evolutionary mechanism in which individuals that are better suited to their environment are…

Q: 3. What evidence is present when DNA, gene codes and expressions, as well as amino acids are…

A: Genetic relatedness is described by the probabilities that two individuals share alleles that are…

Q: Q 2: What would you predict, given the new niche hypothesis? Human head and pubic lice lineages…

A: Human head lice and chimp lice both are from the same genus and diverged at the same time

Q: True segmentation (metamerism)? evolved 3 separate times (True/False)?

A: Segmentation can be defined as the division of body plans of animal/plant into a series of…

Q: Cice? dwre are ring-tailed lemurs native to? What kind of environment is it2 How environmental…

A: Ring-tailed lemur: The ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta) is a giant strepsirrhine primate with a long,…

Q: 1. Which species on the chart (A, B, C, D, E, F) is the common ancestor? Justify your answer. 2.…

A: Note - we are supposed to answer three subpart of a question, according to our guidelines. Please…

Q: EVOLUTION CONNECTION In 1847, the German biologistChristian Bergmann noted that mammals and birds…

A: Introduction Diversity: the term “Diversity” can be defined as the variation in the morphology,…

Q: Can we observed evolution happening within our lifetimes? * Yon in quicckly-reproducing species

A: Evolution is the study of origin of earth and origin of life on earth.

Q: MAKE CONNECTIONS Scientific hypotheses must betestable (see Concept 1.3). Applying this criterion,…

A: The Lamarck convinced that all living things have originated from the simple organism and therefore…

Q: MAKE CONNECTIONS Explain how natural selection could increase the resemblance of a harmlessspecies…

A: Natural selection is one of the factors of evolution. Evolution is the process of heritable change…

Q: Why is it important (or interesting) to find transitional fossils?

A: Any fossilised remnants of a living form that shares features with both its ancestral and developed…

Q: WHAT IF? Consider two species that diverged whilegeographically separated but resumed contact…

A: Species refers to group of organisms that can interbreed among themselves to give rise to fertile…

Q: 5. Which among the following statements incorrectly describes a cladogram? Cladogram is the same as…

A: Evolution is the change in characteristics of species over generations. The theory of evolution…

Q: WHAT IF? Is allopatric speciation more likely to occuron an island close to a mainland or on a more…

A: Speciation means emerging a species from the existing one. There must be a population due to some…

Q: WhAt IF? Your measurements indicate that a fossilizedskull you unearthed has a carbon-14/carbon-12…

A: Fossils are the preserved remains of plants or animals that are at least 10,000 years old. Animal…

Q: WHAT IF? Suggest a possible reason why species in thegreen algal lineage may have been more likely…

A: The change in the heritable characteristics of the species across many generations is called…

Q: WHAT IF? Fossils show that dinosaurs originated200–250 million years ago. Would you expect the…

A: The ecology is an branch in biology that deal with study of organism, their physical interaction,…

Q: These (1) are remnants of what was once useful to the ancestors of the species. Furthermore, we can…

A: The remains of plants and animals which live in the remote part in most cases are preserved in the…

Q: 10. Botswana and Etosha45 populations are on the same branch of the phylogenetic tree. Based on DNA…

A: Phylogenetic tree is a graphic representation of the evolutionary relationship between different…

Q: Present В D 5 10 MYA Genetic Relatedness a. Which two taxa are extinct? The two taxa that are…

A: C) most commin ancestor of A,B,C & D is 3. d) Taxon E can be identical to ancestor 5 as they are…

Q: 4. Did the square nose of Species D and Species G come from the common ancestor? 5. Is the square…

A: The phylogenytic tree construction is depends on the character similarities between different…

Q: EVOLUTION CONNECTION Explain the biological basis forassigning all human populations to a single…

A: Evolution is defined as the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations,…

Q: WHAT IF? In the deserts of New Mexico, the soils aremostly sandy, with occasional regions of black…

A: Natural selection is a phenomenon in which the organisms having a selective advantage have a higher…

Q: 2. The presence of opposable thumbs in humans and other apes means that we share a common ancestor ;…

A: Introduction : Natural selection is the mechanism that drives evolution in biology. Evolution is…

Q: WHAT IF? The insect Drosophila melanogaster andthe nematode Caenorhabditis elegans are…

A: The Arthropoda is a phylum that contains the drosophila. These organisms are characterized by the…

Q: 1. For the skeleton characteristics, determine which of the two alternative trees you were assigned…

A: A phylogenetic tree is a branched diagram or tree that depicts the evolutionary relationships…

Q: 3. What is the difference between homologous and analogous traits? In your answer, describe an…

A: Introduction Evolution is defined as the process by which opportunities arise within an individual…

Q: n activity you watched the "inner fish" which centered around the fossil iktaalik who was a close…

A: Fossils are traces of dead organisms found in the rocks and under earth surfaces. Fossils are an…

Q: 2ht=p 6. We are assuming that the average value of 1 applies to all lineages and that each pair of…

A: The evolutionary rate is a measure of the speed of accumulation of DNA sequence changes in any given…

Q: 1. How does anatomical fossil evidence helps scientists connect lines of evidence for evolutionary…

A: 1.  Evolution in biology can be mostly simply described as descent with modifications, which…

Q: WHAT IF? There are three times as many Alu elementsin the human genome as in the chimpanzee…

A: Genome refers to the gene sequences present on the organisms.

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.