What is diauxic growth? Explain the roles of cAMP and CAP in this process.

Q: Briefly describe the different steps of Hexose monophosphate shunt?

A: The Hexose Monophosphate (HMP) Shunt, also by different names such as HMP pathway, Phosphogluconate…

Q: What is the mechanism of the Contactin- BIG-2

A: Contactins are a subfamily of immunoglobulin molecules that are only found in the nerve system and…

Q: What is fadh2 used for?

A: FADH2 stands for Flavine adenine dinucleotide. One molecule of FADH2 yield two molecules of ATP.

Q: What is IGF and what is its function?

A: Chemical messengers are the substances that serve to affect the target cells or tissues.

Q: Explain the mechanism action of denaturation of protein from milk using acetic acid.

A: Protein is a biopolymer made by monomeric units-amino acids. The amino acids are combined through a…

Q: What does the fact that the two histograms overlap as much asthey do indicate about the extent to…

A: Introduction  PCSK-9 (Proprotein convertase subtilisin-like kexin type 9) is newly discovered serine…

Q: Why is the differentiation of oocytes a great model for studying protein localization?

A: Protein localization is a process in which proteins gets accumulated in any particular location to…

Q: If tryptophan is in high levels, will transcripition stop or initiate?

A: Transcription is a process in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA…

Q: List five proteins that interact with the CFTR protein.

A: Proteins that interact with CFTR protein.

Q: Describe the mechanism of action of lysozyme

A: The antibacterial enzyme lysozyme, also identified as muramidase and N-acetylmuramide…

Q: What is the three-dimensional structure of GPCRs? How does the structure of these receptors…

A: GPCR means G-protein coupled receptors. These proteins are found on the cell surface and act as…

Q: Describe in detail how a tryptophan attenuator iscontrolled

A: Step 1  A repressible operon system is a positively regulated segment of genetic material which…

Q: Does the change Glu®Val (Eb6V) explain the unequal migration of HbA and HbS in your gel?

A: Proteins are composed of amino acids, which are bound together by peptide linkage. Amino acids…

Q: What is the function of COP II in cells?

A: Membrane trafficking causes the movement of various macromolecules, enclosed in membrane-bound…

Q: Is invertase intracellular or extracellular? Or both?

A: All enzymes are proteins that bind to a specific substrate and form a product. They are involved in…

Q: In the liver, what is the major regulation that dictates fate of pyruvate vs lactate? (This can tie…

A: Glycolysis is converted by fermentation to lactate using the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase and the…

Q: What would be the effect of a drug that altered the structure of allolactose so that it was unable…

A: Lac operon is defined as an operon which is required for the metabolism and transport of lactose…

Q: what general features may make the C3b receptor suitable for binding C3b but not other ligands?

A: Complement C3b factor coats a bacterium and binds to C3b receptors on phagocytosis making the…

Q: What would happen if the retinoblastoma protein wasn't able to bind to the E2F transcription factor?

A: The retinoblastoma protein (pRb) is a tumor suppressor protein that helps to prevent excessive cell…

Q: Describe the causes of proteolytic stress in a living cell.

A: Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the…

Q: hat is the cellular mechanism by which adhesiveness of the substrate promotes neurite outgrowth?

A: Neurite outgrowth is a widely used in vitro test for studying neuronal development and degeneration.…

Q: Describe the steps of TH2 activation in 2- 3 paragraph

A: CD4 T helper cells are the major contributors in the adaptive immune system. They were first…

Q: How are targeting and fusionproteins such as SNAREs regulated,so that they can be returned to…

A: The fusion of a transport vesicle with its target involve two types first it must recognise the…

Q: Why are proteins synthesized from Spirulina called Single celled Proteins? What is the significance…

A: Single-cell proteins are the proteins that are edible and are derived from single-celled organisms.…

Q: What is the Membrane attack complex (MAC)?

A: MAC stands for Membrane attack complex. It is also known as the terminal complement complex. MAC is…

Q: Most mammalian cells have a single immobile cilium called the primary cilium, in which…

A: Intraflagellar transport (IFT) is the process by which proteins are transported into cilia. It…

Q: How do loss of function mutations associated with Artemis (protein) cause their resulting…

A: Introduction: -Artemis is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DCLRE1c gene.  Function: -…

Q: Why is the biological activity of the v-Src protein so different from that of c-Src?

A: Src is also called a proto-oncogene. It is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase. It phosphorylates…

Q: Under what conditions does the CAP protein become a functional activating protein?  Group of answer…

A: Lacoperon is a type of  operon, when primary energy source glucose is not available these bacterial…

Q: what happens if mutation has occurred in the Lac Z gene that results in the formation of no…

A: Answer: Lca Z is a protein in Lac operon which codes for beta-galactosidase, in the metabolism of…

Q: components that are part of the synthesis of T3 T4?

A: Thyroid hormones are produced by thyroid glands which consists of thyroid follicles serving both as…

Q: What type of pathogen causes COVID-19 and What are the key features of this pathogen?

A: Pathogens are disease-causing organisms, including microbes and infectious agents. Pathogenic…

Q: Which glucose transporter is affected by the increased AKT signaling in tumor cells?

A: Tumour cells have a high metabolic turnover. Hence they need high amounts of glucose to sustain high…

Q: How does the increased Ca21 concentration elicit the cells’ responses?

A: Those compounds that are present in the food that living beings intake for a better and healthy life…

Q: What will be the preferred mechanism of transportation to ER by the proteins associated with RER?

A: The endoplasmic reticulum is the largest organelle of the cell, extending its network of membrane…

Q: What is a HL7 conformance statement, or what are HL7 messages?

A: Nowadays the healthcare technologies have been improved in many ways. The health care workers can…

Q: What is an Hfr cell? How does it differ from F-, F+, and F-? What is the definition of an…

A: The bacterial cells carrying the F plasmid are called F+ and those lacking the F plasmid are called…

Q: What component of the extracellular environment is required for the homophilic interactions mediated…

A: Cadherin is a type of adhesion molecule that exists within cells. Cadherin is found almost…

Q: What is the mechanism of the Contactin-BIG-1

A: Introduction Contactins Are A Subfamily Of Immunoglobulin Molecules That Are Only Found And…

Q: Explain why the hexose monophosphate shunt is so important.

A: For the generation of NADPH from NADP, the hexose monophosphate pathway is employed. NADPH is needed…

Q: ALT is not used as a hepatocellular damage marker in cattle, Explain why.

A: Blood biochemical profiles are being extensively used in veterinary medicine not only for individual…

Q: How does the loss of the Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein lead to the deregulation of…

A: Answer: Introduction: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an inherited syndrome categorized by…

Q: What is meant by MAOA gene?

A: The MAOA gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called monoamine oxidase A.

Q: explain whether lactase enzyme is secreted as a zymogen requiring activation or not. If it is,…

A: The lactase enzyme is a beta-galactosidase that hydrolyses lactose to glucose and galactose. A…

Q: What is known as Src phosphorylates ZBP1 ?

A: Introduction: The localization of beta-actin messenger RNA to the sites of active actin…

Q: How do you suppose the serine/threonine acetylase activity of YopJ might interfere with TAK1…

A: Yersinia pestis causes plague, it is a bacterial species. Yops are the proteins secreted by this.…

Plant Structure and Growth

Roots anchor, the plant, ingest minerals and water, direct water and supplements, and store food. These are two kinds of root frameworks.

Plant Life Cycle

Plants are part of the PLANT KINGDOM, which is one of the five kingdoms of life. Plants are divided into smaller classes based on common characteristics. Certain characteristics are shared by all plants. They are made up of a large number of cells. They also make their own food through a chemical process called photosynthesis, which involves the use of water, carbon dioxide, and solar energy. They pump life-giving oxygen into the air as a by-product.

Life Cycle of Plants

All the organisms that belong to the Kingdom Plantae are known as plants. They are multicellular and eukaryotic and can synthesize their food by photosynthesis, known as autotrophic organisms. They are classified based on certain characteristics, such as the plants bear flowers; some have only naked seeds and do not contain flowers. Some plants neither have seeds nor flowers, such as ferns and mosses.

Plant Morphology and Anatomy

The study of life and organisms is biology. The cell is recognized as the basic unit of life by biology. From ancient Greek, biology is recognized. Modern biology deals with the recent developments in Science.