Answered: What is the third law of…

What is the third law of thermodynamics? How does the third law relate to the calorimetric entropy and residual entropy? Please discuss briefly.

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter16: Thermodynamics: Directionality Of Chemical Reactions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3QRT: Define the term entropy, and give an example of a sample of matter that has zero entropy. What are...

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: examples of application of the second law of thermodynamics

A: According to the 2nd law of thermodynamics, the total entropy of any system will always either…

Q: “The most stable state of an isolated system is the state of maximum entropy”. Use the second law of…

A: Entropy change always exhibits the decrement or increment in the system's randomness. Any reaction's…

Q: Two different gases occupy the two bulbs shown here. Consider the process that occurs when the…

A: The enthalpy change, ∆Hmix value is 0 since at equilibrium enthalpy of mixing ideal gases is 0.

Q: If the entropy of the system increases during a reversible process, the entropy change of the…

A: The entropy change of the system depends upon the randomness. As the randomness of the system…

Q: Entropy always increases as

A: Entropy always increases as ?

Q: >What is a perpetual motion machine? Can such a machine exist given the laws of thermodynamics?

A: Perpetual motion machine:It is an idealistic concept which moves indefinitely without any energy…

Q: he sum of the entropy changes of the system and the surroundings (∆SSYS + ∆SSURR) are:

Q: The second law of thermodynamics states that, like energy, the entropy of the universe is constant.…

A: The second law states that there exist a useful state variable called entropy S .

Q: Which of the following statements define the second law of thermodynamics? O All spontaneous…

A: Given: Different - different statements. To find : true statement regarding second law of…

Q: a spontaneous process increass the entropy of ? the system the surroundings the universe None…

A: Answer is option (c) entropy of the universe increase

Q: How does temperature effect spontaneity? Under what conditions is enthalpy the dominant…

A: We know that, ΔG = ΔH - TΔS For a reaction to be spontaneous ΔG must be negative in sign ΔG < 0 ,…

Q: The rusting of iron is spontaneous and is accompanied by a decrease in the entropy of the system…

Q: Consider reaction of Hydrogen with Oxygen to form liquid water. What is the statndard molar entropy…

A: The reaction taking place is given between hydrogen and oxygen to produce water. Hence the reaction…

Q: Define importance of second law of thermodynamics and knowing entropy

A: There are four laws of thermodynamics such as zeroth law of thermodynamics, 1st law of…

Q: The entropy of a system always increases for a spontaneous process. O TRUE O FALSE

Q: Can a perpetual motion machine exists given the laws of thermodynamics?

A: Perpetual motion machine: It is an idealistic concept which moves indefinitely without any energy…

Q: the least to greatest in terms of standard entropy (1

Q: Calculate the standard state entropy of formation for H2O gas and of H2O liquid. Why is the entropy…

A: Solution: Standard entropy values at 25 deg. C for reference

Q: What is the significance of entropy being a state function?

Q: How can you calculate the standard entropy change for a reaction from tables of standard entropies?

A: The standard entropy change for a reaction from tables of standard entropies can be calculated by…

Q: Which of the following thermodynamic functions can be measured absolutely? A. Internal Energy B.…

A: Given : We have to tell which of the following can be measured absolutely.

Q: What is the strategy of entropy?

A: The concept of entropy was coined by Rudolf Clausius. It is a measure of thermal heat energy per…

Q: Define thermodynamically the entropy of a system

A: The second law of thermodynamics helps us to determine the direction in which energy can be…

Q: An explosion brings down an old building, leaving behind a pile of rubble. Does this cause a…

A: Given information, An explosion brings down an old building, leaving behind a pile of rubble.

Q: s) False Entropy changes in the system are primarily determined by heat flow in and out of the…

Q: What are the first and second laws of thermodynamics andwhat are their defining equations?

A: Thermodynamics deals with the heat, work, energy and temperature phenomenon. There are four laws…

Q: ENTROPY (ΔS) can be thought of as molecular disorder, randomness, or freedom. Which of the two…

A: Entropy measures the disorder or randomness in the system. Ice has more ordered structure than…

Q: Determine the entropy change for the combustion of gaseous propane, C3H8, under the standard…

A: Entropy refers to measure of disorder and randomness. For a reaction, standard entropy change of…

Q: How can we use Chemical Thermodynamics to explain different processes involving entropy?

A: Entropy : It is the measure of the total randomness of the molecules or molecular disorder in a…

Q: b. How are the internal energies of chemical substances changed in a chemical reaction? State and…

Q: 2.1. For the isothermal expansion of a gas into a vacuum, (a) Is this a spontaneous process? (b)…

A: a. During this constant temperature or isothermal, expansion into a vacuum, the gas does no work (w…

Q: Do you need to specify the temperature to calculate the entropy change? Explain.

A: Entropy is the measure of randomness or chaoticness . With increasing in the randomness or…

Q: Laws

Q: State the 3rd law of thermodynamics. How is it interpreted in microscopic thermodynamic sense?

Q: What is the molar entropy of a pure crystal at 0 K? What is the significance of the answer to this…

A: The third law of thermodynamics states that entropy of a pure crystal at a temperature of zero…

Q: According to the second law of thermodynamics for any spontaneous process, the entropy of the…

A: To find: For a spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe

Q: ard molar entropy,

Q: Not all processes in which the system increases in entropy are spontaneous. How can this observation…

A: Second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system always increases but it…

Q: What is entropy, and what is ΔS for a reaction, and what does it mean if ΔS is positive or negative?

A: Answer The measurement of randomness is called entropy, entropy…

Q: Do you need to specify the temperature to calculate the entropy change?

A: The entropy change can be calculated using the formula, Where,∆H standard enthalpy of formation…

Q: What is entropy, S, and how is entropy related to spontaneous change?

A: Entropy is defined as, A measure of randomness or disorder of a system. OR The amount of heat…

Q: In biology the equilibrium equations that keep living organisms alive are called homeostasis. How…

A: Homeostasis is the condition in living organisms where the equilibrium equations that keep loving…

Q: Which one of the following would have the largest molar entropy?

A: Molar entropy is the randomness or disorderedness of 1 mole of a substance. The molar entropy of…

Question

100%

What is the third law of thermodynamics? How does the third law relate to the
calorimetric entropy and residual entropy? Please discuss briefly.

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1-Introduction

VIEW

Step 2-Explanation

VIEW

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

Define the term entropy, and give an example of a sample of matter that has zero entropy. What are the units of entropy? How do they differ from the units of enthalpy?
Under what conditions is the entropy of a substance equal to zero?
Explain why the statement No process is 100 efficient is not the best statement of the second law of thermodynamics.
What is entropy? Why is entropy important?
Use data from Appendix D to calculate the standardentropy change at 25°C for the reaction CH3COOH(g)+NH3(g)CH3NH2(g)+CO2(g)+H2(g) Suppose that 1.00 mol each of solid acetamide, CH3CONH2(s), and water, H2O(l), react to give thesame products. Will the standard entropy change belarger or smaller than that calculated for the reactionin part (a)?
In the thermodynamic definition of a spontaneous process, why is it important that the phrase “continuous intervention” be used rather than just “intervention?”
Determine the entropy change for the combustion of gaseous propane, C3H8, under the standard conditions to give gaseous carbon dioxide and water.
For one day, keep a log of all the activities you undertake that consume Gibbs free energy. Distinguish betweenGibbs free energy provided by nutrient metabolism andthat provided by other energy resources.
The first law of thermodynamics is sometimes stated You cant win and the second law is stated similarly as You cant even break even. Explain how these two statements can be considered apt though incomplete viewpoints for the first and second laws of thermodynamics.