What would happen to nuclear transport if you removed all of the Ran-GAP? For a while nuclear import receptors will still deliver cargo to the inside of the nucleus Nuclear import receptors will be loaded with RanGTP and will gradually stop binding to the proteins with NLS signals Nuclear export receptors will no longer deliver their cargo to the outside of the membrane and will probably shuttle in and out of the nucleus full of cargo Ran-GDP will no longer be made All of the above

What would happen to nuclear transport if you removed all of the Ran-GAP? For a while nuclear import receptors will still deliver cargo to the inside of the nucleus Nuclear import receptors will be loaded with RanGTP and will gradually stop binding to the proteins with NLS signals Nuclear export receptors will no longer deliver their cargo to the outside of the membrane and will probably shuttle in and out of the nucleus full of cargo Ran-GDP will no longer be made All of the above

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter6: Cell Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4TYU

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What is the role of the Ran-GEF protein in nuclear transport? Ran-GEF converts RanGTP to RanGDP Ran-GEF binds Ran-GAP on inside of nucleus to speed up transport Ran-GEF converts RanGDP to RanGTP Ran-GEF maintains the RanGTP concentration on the inside of the nucleus low Ran-GEF binds directly to the nuclear pore to facilitate transport
What would most likely occur to nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling if the intrinsic GTPase activity of RAN was slowed down by 50%? Group of answer choices RAN would not bind exportin and proteins would accumulate in the nucleus All of the answers are likely None of the answers are likely Importin beta would not release from RAN in the cytoplasm and nuclear import would slow down RAN would not bind to importin beta and protein cargo in the nucleus would not release
What is the role of the Ran-GAP protein in nuclear transport? Ran-GAP converts RanGTP to RanGDP Ran-GAP is a receptor on the nuclear membrane Ran-GAP is not directly involved in nuclear transport, it is a transcription factor Ran-GAP shuttles between mitochondria and the nucleus Ran-GAP converts RanGDP to RanGTP
Influenza viruses are surrounded by a membrane that contains a fusion protein, which is activated by acidic pH. Upon activation, the protein causes the viral membrane to fuse with cell membranes. An old folk remedy against flu recommends that one should spend a night in a horse’s stable. Odd as it may sound, there is a rational explanation for this advice. Air in stables contains ammonia (NH3) generated by bacteria in the horse’s urine. Sketch a diagram showing the pathway (in detail) by which flu virus enters cells, and speculate how NH3 may protect cells from virus infection.
Your roommate’s summer research project is to identify drugs that interfere with nuclear import. She identifies a drug that inhibits the ability of Ran to exchange GDP for GTP. What effect does this drug have on nuclear import? Describe where cargo protein Z would be found after it is synthesized in the cytosol.
1. Which of the following regarding the Rab protein is false? After having supported the targeting and fusion of a transport vesicles the Rab proteins is recycled; the Rab proteins is bound to its effector on the target membrane; GTp in the rab proteins can't be hydrolyzed to gdp; the rab proteins is bound to the vesicles membrane In its gtp bound form 2. Most proteins destined to enter the endoplasmic reticulum? Undergo their entire translation on th er membrane; crossd the membrane in a folded state; rely on the signal recognition; retain their signal sequence after reaching the lumen of the er 3. Indicate which statement is either true or false. Glyclosylation is needed for delivering hydraolase to the lysosome; the high ph in the lysosomal lumen facilitates the unloading of hydrolases from the m6p receptor; the mannose 6 p modification on the lysosomal hydrolases is completed in the er
1. Which of the listed protein would NOT be expected to have experienced vesicular transport? A. Cis-golgi enzymes B. Proteins in early and late and endosomes due to pinocytosis C. Lysosomal enzymes D. A multi-pass transmembrane protein in the plasma membrane E. All of the above proteins Actually would undergo vesicular transport at some point 2. What would be the effect of COPI-coated vesicles if a cell is treated with GTP analogous that can bind the ARF G protein but can not trigger the exposure of its lipid anchor. A. They will decrease substantially in number in the cytoplasm B. They will accumulate in the nucleus C. They will fuse into one giant vesicle that was seen in the cytoplasm D. They will accumulate in the cytoplasm E. They will decrease substantially in number in the nucleus
1)You add a drug to cells that can pass through hydrophilic or hydrobic environments (e.g., membranes & cytosol). The drug specifically prevents the binding of KDEL (ER retention signal) to any other molecules. In the short term, what would happen to the synthesis and localization of translocon proteins? a. New complete translocon proteins would be made, but they would end up in the golgi apparatus. b. New complete translocon proteins would be made, but they would end up at the plasma membrane c. No new intact translocon proteins would be synthesized d. New complete translocon proteins would be made, but they would be secreted e. New complete translocon proteins would be made and localized normally
The following image is based on real results from an influential experiment in cell biology. This experiment studied the role of the proteins Ran and importin in nuclear protein transport. The experiment used flourescently-labeled proteins containing a nuclear localization sequence (the "substrate"). Ran, importin, and GTP were either present or absent, as indicated in the figure. Cells were exposed to these different conditions and then analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. Circles are the cells' nuclei. Very light circles are the nuclei without the substrate attached. Study the figure below and then answer the questions that follow. 1. What actions does Ran perform by itself? 2. What actions does importin perform by itself? 3. How do Ran and importin act together in the nuclear import of protein? 4. Why is GTP required?
You are studying the binding of proteins to thecytoplasmic face of cultured neuroblastoma cells andhave found a method that gives a good yield of inside-outvesicles from the plasma membrane. Unfortunately, yourpreparations are contaminated with variable amounts ofright-side-out vesicles. Nothing you have tried avoids thisproblem. A friend suggests that you pass your vesicles overan affinity column made of lectin coupled to solid beads.What is the point of your friend’s suggestion?
Ran is a major player in the process of nucleocytoplasmic transport via the nuclear pore. Because net Ran movement simply follows a concentration gradient, what maintains the Ran gradient across the nuclear membrane? Options: the concentration levels of cargo in the nucleus to be exported GTP concentrations in the nucleus the correct positioning of the GEF and GAP with respect to the nuclear envelope the interaction of exportin and importin with their cognate substrates none of the above
Some proteins shuttle back and forth between the nucleus and the cytosol. They need a nuclear export signal to get out of the nucleus. How do you suppose they get into the nucleus?