Which characters are most informative in phylogenetic reconstruction because they indicate monophyletic groups? O A. Homoplasies O B. Symplesiomorphies O C. Recently evolved traits that are found in just one species O D. Ancestral traits O E. Synapomorphies

Q: Based on cladistic analysis: a. paraphyletic and monophyletic groups are equally valid. b. a shared…

A: Cladistics is a method used in biological classification, where organisms are categorized into…

Q: To be informative for reconstructing the phylogeny of agroup of taxa, a characteristic must bea.…

A: Answer is d.)  a DNA sequence.

Q: In a molecular phylogeny what can serve as a synapomorphy?

A: Option (e) Orthologs

Q: A b and c only

A: A phylogenetic tree is a tree diagram that picturizes the evolutionary relationship between the…

Q: B C D E GH I5 Using evidence from the phylogenetic tree determine which species would be MOST…

A:

Q: Which of the following CANNOT be learned by looking at phylogenetic trees? A ALL of these. B Which…

A: A phylogenetic tree is a graphical representation of the evolutionary relationship between different…

Q: Why do scientists apply the concept of maximum parsimony? a. to decipher accurate phylogenies b. to…

A: A phylogenetic tree is a branching diagram that shows the evolutionary relationship among different…

Q: A C B D A B D c The phylogenies above depict the same set of relationships. True O False

A: Phylogenetic trees are vivid representations of the evolutionary relationships that are established,…

Q: Which statement is true regarding the tree below? E A B C D Taxon C is equally related to B and…

A: Evolution is one of the most fascinating natural concept.  Every organism that lives or lived on the…

Q: Based on the phylogenetic tree, if you go back in time and look for species B, you will find that…

A: Phylogenetic tree is a diagrammatic tree which indicates the evolutionary relationship between…

Q: 2 Indicate in the following cladogram? A -B E The point at which species C and D diverged The common…

A: In the following cladogram, the correct answer is the last option which says the point at which…

Q: Scientists find a fossil (Fossil A) in a deep layer of sedimentary rock. They determine that Fossil…

A: Paleontology is the scientific study of fossils, including their age, formation process, and…

Q: A technique to determine the age of fossilized organisms. A. Radiosotope  B. Carbon dating  C.…

A: The cells are the primary unit of life. Based on the number of cells an organism may be prokaryotic…

Q: The principle of parsimony a. helps evolutionary biologists distinguish among competing…

A: A problem-solving approach that refers to the entities that should not be multiplied without…

Q: 1. Which describes the modern classification system? a. based on evolutionary relationships b.…

A: The classification system for the living organisms in the older times used similar characters and…

Q: Snakes evolved from ancestors who had the ability to walk. Some snakes, in fact, still have small…

A: Evolution is a continuous process and we are still evolving. Evolution is nothing but adapting to…

Q: Biologists studying living primates in recent years, such as Geladas and Baboons, have noticed that…

A: *chronospecies a species derived from a  development pattern that is involved with an continuous and…

Q: Rapid rates of character change relative to the rate of speciation pose a problem for cladistics…

A: Evolution is a systemic process that is happening step by step manner to select an organism from the…

Q: In order to determine polarity for different states of a character a. there must be a fossil…

A: In order to determine polarity for different states of a character;

Q: Paraphyletic groups

A: Answer: Paraphyletic is a term used in evolutionary biology to describe a group of animals which…

Q: A paraphyletic group includes a. an ancestor and all of its descendants. b. an ancestor and some…

A: The most recent common ancestor and some of its descendants are found in the paraphyletic group. For…

Q: A taxon composed of all species derived from a common ancestoris referred to asa. a phylum.b. a…

A: A taxon is a grouping of an organism or organisms that taxonomists may see as forming a unit.

Q: In the phylogenetic tree below, character 3 is a: 44+B 1 5 3 C O Ancestral trait O Uniquely derived…

A: Introduction :- Phylogenetic trees represent hypotheses regarding a set of organisms' evolutionary…

Q: In a phylogenetic tree, Species 1 and 2 are distantly related to one another but are both darkly…

A: Q. In a phylogenetic tree, Species 1 and 2 are distantly related to one another but are both darkly…

Q: The phylogenetic tree of anole lizard species, below, was produced from both molecular and…

A: "Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve the first three sub-parts…

Q: 1. A phylogenetic system that defines groups by distinguishing between ancestral and derived…

A: Organisms tend to evolve due to environmental pressure. The organism undergoes genetic modification…

Q: A C B D A B D c The relationships depicted by these phylogenies are identical. O True False

A: Phylogeny depicts the evolutionary relationship between the taxons in the phylogenetic tree.

Q: In interpreting a cladogram, (a) we can identify the specific ancestor of each taxon by tracing each…

A: There are many shapes of cladograms but they have certain things in common all have lines that…

Q: Choose the best answer. Shared derived characteristics are: O a Used only to characterize species O…

A: When we think about how organisms evolve, researchers can make cladograms or phylogenetic trees.…

Q: Which is a criticism of sympatric speciation?  A.) many cases of sympatric speciation are actually…

A: Sympatric speciation is the type of speciation where two organisms live in the same geographic…

Q: In a cladogram, each node represents a(n)______ . a. single lineage c. common ancestor b. extinction…

A: Cladograms are diagrams which relate the relationships between different groups of taxa called…

Q: (Present) Таxon E Taxon B Taxon C Таxon D Taxon A lineage or clade rapomorhy TIME lineage or clade…

A: A cladogram is an evolutionary tree that represents the ancestral relationship between organisms.…

Q: To test evolutionary hypotheses, you make a phylogeny of a group of organisms based on six traits.…

A: Phylogeny is a diagrammatic representation of taxons in form of tree to depict evolutionary…

Q: What problems does horizontal gene transfer cause for evolutionary biologists? a. It can make the…

A: Introduction Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT) is the process of an organism receiving genetic…

Q: What is true about organisms that are a part of the same clade? a. They all share the same basic…

A: The term ‘clade’ was coined in 1957 by the biologist Julian Huxley to refer to the result of…

Q: Why is mutation important to speciation? b. It keeps the environment from selecting for a particular…

A: Why is mutation important to speciation?  B. It keeps the environment from selecting for a…

Q: Which of the following are true about outgroups?     A. They help identify plesiomorphic traits…

A: Outgroups can be referred to as distantly related organisms, which serves as a reference group when…

Q: Given the phylogeny below, which of the following statements is true? В O a. A shared trait present…

A: Evolutionary developmental biology is considered a new norm in evolutionary biology. It arose from…

Q: have been evolving separately? a. Cladogram b) Phylogenetic tree c. Molecular clock d. Three-domain…

A: Taxonomy is the branch of science concerned with classifying the organisms in ranks or taxa based on…

Q: А. В. Identify the most accurate statement about the phylogeny below. Assume species D is an…

A: Evolutionary reversal is a backward evolution notion where species can return back from advanced to…

Q: 1.If two species belong to the same phylum, then they also belong to the same: A.Domain B.Class…

A: In biological classification, organisms are classified in a taxonomic hierarchy.Heirarchy of…

Q: The most parsimonious phylogenetic tree requires the fewest evolutionary events as measured by the…

A: Phylogenetic tree is diagram which represents the relationship between the evolution of the…

Q: How do we know how old a fossil is? A) We compare it to current species and see how much has…

A: There are two ways of determining the age of a fossil - Relative dating and absolute dating.

Q: Based on the results, what is the most probable phylogenetic tree(s) for these three beetles?   A.…

A: Introduction The study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of…

Q: The presence of homologous structures in two different groups of organisms suggests that (a) the…

A: The goal of modern systematics is to reconstruct the phylogeny of any group of organisms that share…

Q: A scientist has developed 3 different phylogenies that describe the relationships between different…

A: A Phylogenetic tree is a diagrammatic representation in which Evolutionary past history / ancestor…

Q: 1. A primitive character is known as a. plesiomorphy b. apomorphy c. synapomorphy d. amorphy 2. What…

A: Q1. A primitive character is known as   a. plesiomorphy b. apomorphy c. synapomorphy  d. amorphy   Q…

Q: 5. A systematist is studying the phylogenetic relationships between five (5) organisms (shown in the…

A: A diagram that shows evolutionary relationship between different species is known as phylogenetic…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.