Which citric acid cycle intermediate can be converted to an amino acid in one transaminase step?
Q: How does control of the glucose6-phosphatase reaction differ from that of the fructose-1,6-…
A: Gluconeogenesis is the formation of glucose. It resembles reversal of glycolysis. Three steps of…
Q: What is the function of the kinase associated with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?
A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is a complex of three enzymes that converts pyruvate into…
Q: How is succinate dehydrogenase unique compared with the other enzymes in the citric acid cycle?
A: The citric acid cycle is a catabolic process. It is also known as the TCA cycle or Krebs cycle. It…
Q: How many protons are shuttled from the matrix to the intermembrane space by the products of the…
A: Reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2 retains most of the free energy produced during the process glucose…
Q: How does control of the glucose-6-phosphatase reaction differ from that of the…
A: Glucose-6-phosphatase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucose-6-phosphate into glucose…
Q: Is it true that beta-ketoacyl-ACP-reductase catalyzes the committed stepn in fatty acid…
A: Beta-ketoacyl-ACP-reductase main function is to produce fatty acids of various lengths for use by…
Q: Why, do you suppose, the coenzyme for the reaction in the citric acid cycle that is catalyzed by…
A: Succinate dehydrogenase is an enzyme complex found in inner mitochondrial membrane and participates…
Q: How many turns of the citric acid cycle are implicated in accounting for the net oxidation of one…
A: The citric acid cycle, which is found to be a part of cellular respiration, takes place inside the…
Q: List four anabolic pathways that utilize citric acid cycle intermediates as starting material.
A: Introduction: The citric acid cycle is the most important metabolic pathway for the energy supply to…
Q: What are the 3 modifications that prepare pyruvate for the Krebs Cycle?
A: Pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH) is the simplest of the alpha-keto acids and is an organic acid and a…
Q: What are the main functions of the pentose phosphate pathway? Why do different mammalian tissues…
A: The Pentose phosphate pathway is also known as the Hexose monophosphate pathway or Phosphogluconate…
Q: Why is the formation of fructose1,6-bisphosphate the committed step in glycolysis?
A: Glycolysis is the process by which the glucose molecule is broken down to produce pyruvate. The…
Q: Identify the enzyme that controls the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway.
A: The pentose phosphate pathway is an alternative pathway to glucose oxidation. It is also called…
Q: Under anaerobic circumstances, why is pyruvate converted to lactate?
A: Anaerobic Glycolysis is the process of glucose oxidation that occurs when oxygen levels are low,…
Q: Why can’t the reactions of the glycolytic pathway simply be run in reverse to synthesize glucose?
A: Metabolic pathways are defined as the set of chemical reactions occurring in the body. Metabolic…
Q: Why is the formation of fructose1,6bisphosphate a step in which control is likely to be exercised in…
A: The cellular processes occur via stepwise chemical reactions in which these reactions are…
Q: How is pyruvate modified before entering the citric acid cycle?
A: Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis which is a breakdown pathway of a glucose molecule to…
Q: What is the function of NAD+ in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?
A: Pyruvate is formed from glycolysis. This pyruvate gets converted to acetyl CoA by oxidative…
Q: Drawthe structures of the two citric acid cycle intermediates that can be converted into amino acids…
A: Transamination reaction is the process of formation of amino acids by the transfer of an amine group…
Q: What steps in the citric acid cycle are regulated? Why arethey regulated?
A: The citric acid cycle is a series of chemical reaction which takes place in aerobic organisms that…
Q: What is the key enzyme of glycolysis which catalyzes the production of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate?
A: Phosphofructokinase is the key enzyme of glycolysis that catalyzes the production of fructose 1,6…
Q: Why does it make metabolic sense for UTP to inhibit carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II, whereas ATP…
A: Feedback inhibition is a cellular control mechanism in which the activity of the enzyme is inhibited…
Q: Why is the TCA cycle considered to be the central pathway in the energy metabolism of a cell?
A: The citric acid cycle serves a number of vital activities in addition to supplying energy from the…
Q: If G6P is labeled at its C2 position, where will the label appear in the products of the pentose…
A: The alternative pathway of glucose oxidation is the pentose phosphate pathway that includes two…
Q: What are the functions of oxidative pentose phosphate pathway?
A: The pentose phosphate pathway is a metabolic pathway in which ribulose-5-phosphate, NADPH, and some…
Q: Why is the formation of fructose-1,6- bisphosphate a step in which control is likely to be exercised…
A: The regulation of glycolysis occurs at three points which are catalyzed by enzymes such as…
Q: What amino acids yield citric acid cycle components and glycolysis intermediates when deaminated?
A: Metabolism can be defined as the chemical reactions that are performed in maintaining the living…
Q: Which amino acids can be converted to pyruvate by a single enzyme-catalyzed reaction?
A: Pyruvate is a three-carbon compound that is the end product of the glycolysis pathway. Pyruvate is…
Q: What would be the effect of the inhibition on other intermediates in the citric acid cycle?
A: Citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of mitochondria (cytosol in prokaryotes). The net result of…
Q: Describe in detail the structure of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
A: Introduction The formation of Acetyl-CoA from Pyruvate formed after Glycolysis is regulated by a…
Q: Why is the TCA cycle is important for both anabolic and catabolic reactions?
A: After each turn of the TCA cycle, oxaloacetate is regenerated and can combine with another…
Q: Why must glucose be “primed” with a high-energy phosphate bond before it can be degraded in the…
A: Glucose is the most abundant monosaccharide made by plants and most algae during photosynthesis from…
Q: What are the oxidative reactions of the pentose phosphate pathway?
A: Introduction: The pentose phosphate pathway is a metabolic pathway that works in tandem with…
Q: What are the two unique enzymes of glyoxylate cycle and their reactions? What main role of the cycle…
A: The main purpose of the glyoxylate cycle is the use of acetyl-CoA for the production of glucogenic…
Q: Which reactions of the citric acid cycle transfer energy as FADH2?
A: FAD acts as coenzyme which accepts the electrons and protons get reduced to FADH2.
Q: What is the first step in the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate into the fructose 6-phosphate?
A: Gluconeogenisis is the process of synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources such as…
Q: How many Carbon atoms are fully oxidized during each turn of the citric acid cycle?
A: The Krebs cycle or citric acid cycle is one of the most essential pathways for the body. It is the…
Q: What steps of the citric acid cycle are regulated? How and why are they regulated?
A: In metabolic pathways, the regulation of key enzymes is essentials for the productions of…
Q: Why is it reasonable for excess NADH to negatively regulate the citric acid cycle?
A:
Q: What is the major purpose of the pentose phosphate pathway? What cofactor (coenzyme) is used?
A: Pentose (PPP) phosphate pathway is a type of metabolic pathway, which runs parallel with glycolysis.…
Q: what are the components of Pyruvate dehydrogenase Enzyme complex ?
A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase Enzyme complex is made up of three Enzymes and requires 5 coenzymes .
Q: What prevents the phosphatase activity of PP1 from always inhibiting glycogen degradation?
A: Introduction: Glycogen is stored in the liver and skeletal muscle. To maintain the glucose levels in…
Q: What citric acid cycle intermediate would be regenerated?
A: A sequence of metabolic pathways takes place in the process of cellular respiration to transform…
Q: What citric acid cycle intermediates are precursors to amino acids?
A: Cellular respiration is the process in which cells consume oxygen and produces carbon…
Q: What are the substrates and products of the net reaction corresponding to one turn of the citric…
A: Introduction: The TCA cycle fundamentally includes the association of a two-carbon acetyl CoA with…
Q: explain the difference between pyruvate carrier and pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?
A: Pyruvate refers to the conjugate base of pyruvic acid is an important intermediate in many metabolic…
Q: What are the metabolic effects of not being able to produce the M subunit of phosphofructokinase?
A: Introduction: One of the most significant glycolysis regulating enzymes is phosphofructokinase-1…
Q: How is acetyl coA carboxylase being regulated?
A: Fatty acids are the components of lipids. Fatty acids act as energy source when there is no dietary…
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- For myristic acid, C 13H 27CO 2H: (a) How many molecules of acetyl CoA are formed from complete β-oxidation? (b) How many cycles of β-oxidation are needed for complete oxidation?CHOOSE THE CORRECT LETTER 1.What are the B-oxidation products of lauric acid (C12H2402), a major component of coconut oil?A.6 acetyl-CoA, 6 NADH, 6 FADH2B. 6 acetyl-CoA, 5 NADH, 5 FADH2C. 5 acetyl-CoA, 6 NADH, 6 FADH2D. 5 acetyl-CoA, 5 NADH, 5 FADH2 2.What is the mechanism of ATP synthesis in glycolysis?A. substrate level phosphorylationB. reductionC. oxidationD. oxidative phosphorylation 3.Which of the following enzymes need ATP as a substrate in the reaction?A.phosphoglycerate kinaseB. phosphofructokinaseC. pyruvate kinaseD.glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenaseDiscuss the metabolic control for HMG CoA reductase synthesis and activity
- Consider the docosanoic acid, C21H43CO2H a. Label the a and B carbons b. Draw the acyl CoA derived from this fatty acid c. How many acetyl CoA molecules are formed by complete B-oxidation? d. How many cycles of B-oxidation are needed for complete oxidation? e. How many molecules of ATP are formed from the complete catabolism of this fatty acid?Name some HMG CoA reductase inhibitors? Please answer at your own words.Need help, please. Given that the enzyme pyruvate carboxylase converts Pyruvate into Oxaloacetate and this is an anapleurotic reaction. In the liver, what is most of the OAA converted into under these conditions? Please explain. 1. When blood glucose levels are low and the energy charge in the cell is high. 2. When mitochondrial acetyl-CoA levels are high and the energy charge is low.
- Q36: Can you answer all the parts to this question Answer choices for part 1: Pyruvate, Isocitrate, Succinyl-CoA, Fumarate Answer choices for part 2: Acetyl-CoA, Succinate, Lactate, Cis-aconitrate Answer choices for part 3: Citrate, Acetyl-CoA, Malate, Fumarate Answer choices for part 4: Pyruvate, Malate, Acetyl-CoA, LactateWhich of the following biochemical conversions can be carried out by the least number of proteins? Assume proper metabolic conditions, abundance of cofactors, necessary accessory molecules, etc. 1 propionyl-CoA → 1 succinyl-CoA 1 palmitate (16:0) → 8 acetyl-CoA 1 acetyl-CoA + 7 malonyl-CoA → 1 palmitate (16:0) 1 palmitate (16:0) → 1 acetyl-CoA + 1 myristic acid (14:0) 1 acetyl-CoA → 1 succinate Please answer very soon will give rating surelyConsider the reactions of ketogenesis. (a) What role does acetyl-CoA play?(b) How many acetyl-CoA molecules are used in the production of the ketonebodies?(c) What is the essential role of ketone bodies during prolonged starvation?
- The reaction of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate in the TCA cycle forms a. 5-carbon α-ketoglutarate b. 4-carbon Succinyl-CoA c. 6-carbon citrate d. 6-carbon α-ketoglutarate e. 4-carbon citrateUpon considering the complete oxidation of one mole of fatty acyl (CoA) of an arachidic acid (20:0). Answer the following lettersa. Rounds of beta oxidationb. total no. of acety CoA producedc. total no. of NADH produced from all rounds of beta oxidariond. total no. of FADH2 produced from all rounds of beta oxidationComplete the table below. Consider docosanoic acid (C21H43CO2H) Questions Solutions Answers a. Label the alpha and beta carbons. b. Draw the acetyl CoA derived from this fatty acid. c. How many acetyl CoA molecules are formed by complete B-oxidation? d. How many cycles of B-oxidation are needed for complete oxidation? e. How many molecules of ATP are formed from the complete catabolism of this fatty acid?