Which is NOT an example of a population bottleneck: A) The Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event B) Human activies that produce antibiotic resistant straings (i.e. choosing not to take the full does of prescribed antibiotics) C) The Amish in the United States who, due to inbreeding, are at higher risk for genetic diseases D) All of the above are examples of a population bottleneck

Which is NOT an example of a population bottleneck: A) The Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event B) Human activies that produce antibiotic resistant straings (i.e. choosing not to take the full does of prescribed antibiotics) C) The Amish in the United States who, due to inbreeding, are at higher risk for genetic diseases D) All of the above are examples of a population bottleneck

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter11: Evolution And Its Processes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4RQ: What is the difference between micro- and macroevolution? a. Microevolution describes the evolution...

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If a sixth extinction event is occurring, how is it similar or different from the previous five mass extinctions? What sort of evidence do you think scientists look for to determine whether we are living through a mass extinction?
The introduction of the antibiotic methicillin was once successful in destroying Staphylococcus bacterial infections. More recently, strains of Staphylococcus bacteria have undergone mutations that cause the bacteria to be resistant to the action of methicillin, leading to increased incidence of the disease MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). How would the proportion of bacteria carrying this mutation change in the population over time in populations treated with methicillin? A. The number of mutated bacteria would increase because the mutated bacteria would outcompete the non-mutated bacteria for resources. B. The number of mutated bacteria would decrease because the non-mutated bacteria would outcompete the mutated bacteria for resources. C. The number of mutated bacteria would decrease because the non-mutated bacteria would be selected for over time through natural selection. D. The number of mutated bacteria would increase because the mutated bacteria are…
What is Macroevolution? A) The change of a population over several generations B) The history of a species from its origin C) The history of all populations and their descendants
Fixity of Species refers to… Group of answer choices A-the theory that species exist at a fixed location along a physiological continuum B-the fact that species are defined by fixed adaptations to their direct environment C-the theory presented by Thomas Malthus that population densities of any given species are most affected by mortality and fertility rates D-the pre-darwinian notion that species, once created, can never change E-the late 19th century concept that because mendelian traits are fixed they are evidence that variation within and between species are designed by God specifically for those species
What role does geographic isolation play in the formation of a new species? Group of answer choices A.If two populations become isolated geographically, then the two populations cannot interbreed with one another. There will be gene flow between the two. This will allow the two isolated populations to evolve independently leading to new species. B. If two populations become isolated geographically, then the two populations can interbreed with one another. There will be no gene flow between the two. This will allow the two isolated populations to evolve independently leading to new species. C. None of the answers are correct D. If two populations become isolated geographically, then the two populations cannot interbreed with one another. There will be no gene flow between the two. This will allow the two isolated populations to evolve independently leading to new species.
Why should we take caution when public discussions promoting efforts that would result in reducing modern human variation occur?
Which of the following statements is not true about the concept of natural selection? Group of answer choices A-Geographical isolation contributes to the formation of new species as individuals begin to adapt to different environments B-Natural selection explains the increase in the yield of kernels per corn plant over the last several thousand years C-Infers that later generations may be distinct from ancestral ones, or a new species can appear D-Selective pressures cause distinct species to develop E-Suggests that over long periods of geological time, successful variations accumulate in a population
Applying your knowledge of genetics, natural selection and evolution, how is the positive response to global climate change possible? Please explain using the terms “population” and “gene pool” and the types of natural selection we discussed. Is it possible that these situations can increase the number of species? How?
Consider the graphic that is presented and depicts the end-point for the following scenario. At some point in the past, species A resided as a large population entirely within a rectangular geographical area. The population became divided into two isolated populations when, during a major earthquake, a mountain range arose and disrupted gene flow. Over time, the two new populations evolved independently from one another, yielding species B and C. The population comprising species C became divided into two isolated populations when another earthquake created an escarpment that disrupted gene flow. Over time, these two new populations evolved independently from one another, yielding species D and E.Imagine that you were to arrive to the region long after species D and E had evolved, completely oblivious to the scenario that is described above; survey the region for living species in this group; and conduct a cladistic analysis on those species. Assuming that the data that you were to…
Imagine that you are asked to manage a population of wolves that have taken upresidence on an island off the coast of Alaska. Because prey resources are limited, theisland will support only about 50 wolves at any one time. What steps would you take toprevent inbreeding and genetic drift in the population in the future?
What is the difference between micro- and macroevolution? a. Microevolution describes the evolution of small organisms, such as insects, while macroevolution describes the evolution of large organisms, like people and elephants. b. Microevolution describes the evolution of microscopic entities, such as molecules and proteins, while macroevolution describes the evolution of whole organisms. c. Microevolution describes the evolution of populations, while macroevolution describes the emergence of new species over long periods of time. d. Microevolution describes the evolution of organisms over their lifetimes, while macroevolution describes the evolution of organisms over multiple generations.
A small number of animals moves away from a large ancestral population on the continental mainland and colonizes an island. Which of the following is likely to occur? A. Genetic diversity will decrease on the mainland, because of a population bottleneck. B. Alleles that were more rare on the mainland are likely to become more common on the island, because of the founder effect. C. Genetic diversity will be lower on the island than the mainland, because of the founder effect. D. Mutations rates will increase on the island, in response to selection pressures in the new environment.