Which method II? Which of the following scenariosshould be analyzed as paired data?a) Spouses are asked about the number of hours of sleepthey get each night. We want to see if husbands getmore sleep than wives.b) 50 insomnia patients are given a placebo and 50 aregiven a mild sedative. Which subjects sleep more hours?c) A group of college freshmen and a group of sophomoresare asked about the quality of the university cafeteria. Dostudents’ opinions change during their time at school?

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Types of Bias

Statistics is the study of data collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation. Statistical bias is a characteristic of a statistical technique or its findings in which the expected value deviates from the actual root quantitative parameter being estimated. According to the actual definition of bias, it refers to the tendency of a statistic to overestimate or underestimate a parameter.