Which the correct order of passing information of light stimuli among cells in the retina? ganglion cell → bipolar cells → photoreceptor photoreceptor → amacrine cells → ganglion cell horizontal cell photoreceptor →ganglion cell Ophotoreceptor → bipolar cells → ganglion coll
Q: Which of the following accurately describes the inducibility of adaptive immunity? A) a given…
A: According to medicine, the immune system serves as the body's line of defense against infectious…
Q: In an allopatric speciation model, we would expect A Strength of reproductive isolation to…
A: Allopatric species initially appear in distinct but typically contiguous ranges. As a result, we…
Q: Phosphorus is arguably the most important nutrient in regulating primary productivity and species…
A: Phosphorous plays an important part in cell improvement and is a critical component of molecules…
Q: What are some factors that determine the flavor of kimchi that is fermented microbiologically?
A: Fermentation is the process which occurs in the absence of oxygen. It is a biochemical reaction that…
Q: Why is it not c
A: Western blot is often used in research to separate and identify proteins. Different proteins are…
Q: Which of the following is false regarding nondisjunction? O Can lead to miscarriages/developmental…
A: Non-Disjunction of chromosomes is a chromosomal abnormality where the chromosomes fail to segregate…
Q: es Classify the following characteristics according to whether they describe typical cells or cancer…
A: The cell is the functional unit of life. It is composed of various small sub cellular level…
Q: Answer the following questions using this information: Bowhead whales can live up to 150 years,…
A: ANSWER) The whales have strong survival upto the adulthood as the parental care is involved but as…
Q: Which of the following statements regarding kinesin are TRUE? (More than one answer is correct)…
A: Kinesin is a type of motor protein found in eukaryotic cells that use ATP to move along microtubule…
Q: Our understanding of the molecular biology of cancer formation has been greatly enhanced by studying…
A: The genes which cause cancer when mutated are called as oncogenes. The genes which are mutated to…
Q: Oxidation of ingested CHO during exercise depends on each of the following variables except... Group…
A: Carbohydrates are one of the essential nutrients present in the food. It is made up of carbon,…
Q: Which of these is not a physiological factor that affects our endurance performance? running…
A: Introduction and answer - endurance - Having endurance enables you to repeatedly perform a skill, or…
Q: Imagine that Mendel intended to conduct a monohybrid cross with a purple- flowering pea plant and a…
A: Sir Gregor Mendel is known as the "Father of Genetics", since he founded the basic principles of…
Q: A realized niche describes the conditions of the environment in which a species is actually found,…
A: The abiotic and biotic factors needed by a species to develop, reproduce, and survive are known as…
Q: Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding memory B cells? a. Memory B cells express…
A: B cells are a part of adaptive immune response. B cells have B cell receptors (BCRs) on their…
Q: In animal cells, Cyclin D/CDK2 act to drive cells through the restriction point in G1. True or…
A: This is the question of cell division. Basically cell division consist of two phase interphase &…
Q: BLANK between species with BLANK ecological niches means they are les likely to occur sympatrically…
A: Conspecific groups that coexist in a given area are called sympatric populations. They are crucial…
Q: All of the following statements are true about the nucleus EXCEPT a. It is surrounded by a nuclear…
A: In terms of genomics, a nucleus is the organelle within a cell that is membrane bound and possesses…
Q: Materials: .Bacterial cultures: E. coli & Staphylococcus aureus • Crystal violet (primary stain)…
A: Introduction:- Staining is the biochemical technique for coloring the specimens. There are different…
Q: When the training goal is power development, exercise methods should address which of the following?…
A: Introduction Strength Training shows the ability to overcome resistance, while power training shows…
Q: A psychological test for a two-point threshold of tactile acuity will consistently show that the…
A: Introduction: The two-point discrimination test is used to determine a patient's capacity to…
Q: Question 18 Articular cartilage has little to no self-healing ability. It is because the cells…
A: Introduction: A thin layer of specialised connective tissue with distinct viscoelastic…
Q: What factors affect the rate of glycogen synthesis following depleting exercise, and what steps can…
A: Glucose is utilized in the body to release chemical energy from it in the form of ATP molecules.…
Q: The following is a Mannitol Salt Agar plate. What does the growth on this plate indicate? ww t ASM's…
A: Microbiology is the branch of science that deals with the study of microorganisms. Microorganism are…
Q: This molecule is closely associated with the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis Group of answer choices…
A: The process of programmable cell death is called apoptosis. Unwanted cells, such as those between a…
Q: Question 8 In a population of cows, there was an outbreak of an unknown disease. Samples from the…
A: Basic information about - Bacteria - Bacteria is a unicellular prokaryotic organism, consisting of…
Q: Draw a circular representation (i.e. a pie chart-style) of the cell cycle based on these flow…
A: Flow cytometry is a technique used for quantification of several macromolecules like proteins,…
Q: What is the probability that the offspring from a cross of true-breeding heterozygous plants will…
A: An organism having the same two copies of a gene is considered to be homozygous for that trait,…
Q: A common drug used to treat persistent alcoholism is amphetamine ritalin naltrexone choline
A: Alcoholism or alcohol use disorder is when a person drink alcohol regularly and in large amounts…
Q: Which of the following statements is true? O a. Alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of…
A: Fermentation is the metabolic process, in which an organism converts carbohydrate (starch or sugar )…
Q: 1. In the lactate dehydrogenase reaction (pyruvate + NADH à lactate + NAD+): a. Pyruvate is being…
A: Complex carbohydrates, like glycogen, are divided into smaller sugar molecule subunits throughout…
Q: pathological constituents of urine
A: Pathology: It is defined as the study or branch of science which deals with the causes or effects…
Q: Compare chronic bronchitis and emphysema with respect to location of each disease within the…
A: Pathophysiology is the study of the physiological changes associated with a disease or disorder. It…
Q: QUESTION 49 Consider the following double-stranded DNA region: CỦA TH 3'-ACGGTA-5' If the lower…
A: The process of copying information from a strand of DNA into a new messenger RNA molecule is called…
Q: What are the unique features of Henle loops that contribute to countercurrent multiplication during…
A: The gradient of increasing hyperosmolality of medullary interstitium is maintained by a peculiar…
Q: Fermentation products produced by the skin-colonizing bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis benefit…
A: Long-term S. epidermidis skin colonization may aid the cutaneous immune system in differentiating…
Q: Discuss the three (3) possible ways by which microorganisms may utilize inorganic compounds
A: Chemotrophs are bacteria that depend on sunlight for nutrition, either directly (chemoautotrophs) or…
Q: QUESTION 16 There are two general types of endoscopes. they are: O Rectal and Oral Diurnal and…
A: Endoscopy includes observing the internal body parts or organs or cavities using a specific device…
Q: Provide a detail diagram of the outcomes of the left and right heart failure.
A: When the cardiovascular system is unable to pump blood as effectively like it should, heart failure…
Q: Discuss the three (3) possible ways by which microorganisms may utilize inorganic compounds. Answer…
A: Chemotrophs are bacteria that either directly (chemoautotrophs) or indirectly (chemoheterotrophs)…
Q: You are working with a fly hair cell developmental system. This Notch/Delta-regulated system results…
A: The cells undergo cell division and differentiation so as to form different types of cells. The…
Q: For a laboratory exercise of basic techniques in microbiology: Gram stain and Microscopy. What are…
A: "Gram staining is important in microbiology because it allows scientists to quickly and easily…
Q: Acetylcholine imbalance may lead to, EXCEPT: O poor focus Odementia Olearning disability poor…
A: Acetylcholine (ACh) is a neurotransmitter found in both the central and peripheral nervous systems.…
Q: Genetics of man question: Provide a brief description of on the SNP for the gene GATA binding…
A: GATA genes are a family of transcription factors that regulate the expression of many other genes.…
Q: Stathmin is phosphorylated by cyclin dependent kinases in response to extracellular signals such as…
A: Stathmin is a protein that is involved in regulating microtubule dynamics. Microtubules are…
Q: List in the correct order the series of cytoskeletal events that occurs in a newly fertilized egg of…
A: Caenorhabditis elegans is now the model organism of choice for researchers. A combination of its…
Q: The following is a picture of Eosin Methylene Blue Agar. What does the growth on this plate…
A: Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar is a selective and differential culture medium which selectively…
Q: 4-The difference between NAD+ and NADP+ is that: a) NAD+ is organic; NADP+ is inorganic b) NAD+…
A: 4) NAD+ and NADP+ are two related coenzymes that play important roles in a variety of metabolic…
Q: With reference to sex determination in humans, discuss: i) X chromosome inactivation; and ii)…
A: Sex chromosomes determine sex in humans. Females have 22 autosome pairs and XX while males have 22…
Q: Mutualisms categorized by a place to live are called a/an habitat mutualism community mutualism…
A: The exchange of commodities between two species, known as mutualist partners, is what is known as a…
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 2 images
- When light hits the center of an ON-center receptive field, which of the following processes occur: a. Photoreceptors release more glutamate; bipolar cells release more glutamate; retinal ganglion cells decrease rate of APs. b. Photoreceptors release less glutamate; bipolar cells release less glutamate; retinal ganglion cells decrease rate of APs. c. Photoreceptors release less glutamate; bipolar cells release more glutamate; retinal ganglion cells increase rate of APs. d. Photoreceptors release more glutamate; bipolar cells release more glutamate; ganglion cells increase rate of APs.how does visual transduction occur in rods? Select one: a. By inhibition: light bleaches the rhodopsin molecules, which closes sodium channels. This hyperpolarizes the rods and increases GABA release. b. By excitation: light inhibits rhodopsin molecules, which blocks sodium ion influx. This depolarizes the rods and causes glutamate release. c. By inhibition: light bleaches rhodopsin molecules, which closes sodium channels. This hyperpolarizes the rods and reduces glutamate release. d. By excitation: light activates rhodopsin molecules, which opens sodium channels. This depolarizes the rods and causes glutamate releaseA scientist has dissected out a small section of the retina and is able to directly record the action potential firing rate in a single ganglion cell. Assume there is a on-center off-surround bipolar cell connected to an on-center off-surround ganglion cell. When applying ‘Stimulus 1’ the scientist records a moderate action potential rate. When applying ‘Stimulus 2’ the rate of action potentials increases substantially. In the context of this experiment no illumination is an option as a 'Stimulus'. ‘Stimulus 2’ would result in what response in the bipolar cell (the one connected to the ganglion cell the scientist is measuring)? A. A large depolarization of the bipolar cell membrane B. The bipolar cell membrane would remain at the resting membrane potential C. A large hyperpolarization of the bipolar cell membrane D. A small hyperpolarization of the bipolar cell membrane E. A small depolarization of the bipolar cell membrane
- The order in which the cells in the eye process light is __________. A) photoreceptors; ganglion cells; bipolar cells B) ganglion cells; bipolar cells; photoreceptors C) photoreceptors; bipolar cells; ganglion cells D) bipolar cells; photoreceptors; ganglion cellsEvents in Visual Perception Potassium channels open. Potassium ions move out of the neuron. Some sodium channels open in the neuronal membrane of the dendrite. All ion channels close and the Na+/K+ exchange pump starts working. Some sodium ions diffuse into the neuron membrane of the dendrite. Lights hit the retina. The threshold level is reached at the neuronal membrane of the dendrite. The remaining sodium channels open. Sodium ions move into the neuron. List, in order, the events in visual perception that must occur for a person to see an object:The retina.____ are the only light sensitive cells used for vision and the________ are the only output cells to the brain in the A. rod and cone photoreceptors ganglion cells B. rod photoreceptors; bipolar cells C. cone photoreceptors; ganglion cells D. rod and cone photoreceptors; bipolar cells E. rod photoreceptors; horizontal cells ___ are the only output cells to the brain in the
- In the complete absence of light, a rod will become strongly depolarized and increase its release of neurotransmitters become strongly hyperpolarized and decrease its release of neurotransmitters become strongly hyperpolarized and increase its release of neurotransmitters become strongly depolarized and decrease its release of neurotransmitters None of theseWhich one of the following statements about photoreception is true? a. Light detection is initiated by the absorbance of light (a photon) by a photopigment molecule. b. Light detection is synonomous with vision. c. Light detection is always initiated in a rod photoreceptor located in the retina. d. Only light in the visible range (between 400 and 700 nm wavelength) can be detected by animals. e. None of the above answer choices (neither A, nor B, nor C, nor D) is true.Which of the following defines a rod cell of the human eye? Opening through which light enters the eye Ring of smooth muscle that adjusts how much light enters the eye A photoreceptor active in dim light that provides a coarse perception of an image and detects motion A photoreceptor that provides sharp vision and allows detection of color
- When transitioning from a pitch black room, to a sunny room where there is a lot of light, what happens to the cells in the retina? 1. Ganglion cells will release more glutamate 2. Rod cells will release less glutamate 3. Ganglion cells will release less glutamate 4. Rod cells will release more glutamateGiven these events:(1) Bipolar cells depolarize.(2) Glutamate release from presynaptic terminals of photoreceptorcells decreases.(3) Light strikes photoreceptor cells.(4) Photoreceptor cells are depolarized.(5) Photoreceptor cells are hyperpolarized.Choose the arrangement that lists the correct order of events, startingwith the photoreceptor cells in the resting, nonactivated state.a. 1,2,3,4,5 b. 2,4,3,5,1 c. 3,4,2,5,1 d. 4,3,5,2,1 e. 5,3,4,1,2What is the term used to describe the ability to see close up but not far away? Group of answer choices Hyperopia Emmetropia Astigmatism Myopia