Why does benzene undergo substitution reactions, but not addition reactions? Select one: O A. Addition to benzene encounters more steric hindrance than substitution. O B. Addition reactions destroy the stable aromatic ring of benzene, while substitution reactions preserve it. OC. A benzene molecule has three distinct C=C's that are conjugated with each other. This conjugation blocks any addition that tries to occur. OD. Addition reactions produce a more unstable carbocation intermediate than substitution reactions.

Why does benzene undergo substitution reactions, but not addition reactions? Select one: O A. Addition to benzene encounters more steric hindrance than substitution. O B. Addition reactions destroy the stable aromatic ring of benzene, while substitution reactions preserve it. OC. A benzene molecule has three distinct C=C's that are conjugated with each other. This conjugation blocks any addition that tries to occur. OD. Addition reactions produce a more unstable carbocation intermediate than substitution reactions.

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter22: Organic And Biological Molecules

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 165CP

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Benzene has pi-bonds and should in theory undergo addition reactions like alkenes. However, we know that benzene only takes part in substitution reactions. Figure 16 compares the energy diagrams for the possible addition reactions and substitution reactions of benzene. Mark the correct statements. * A- Addition and substitution reactions of benzene proceeds through the same reactive intermediate. B- The substitution reaction is faster than the addition reaction. C- Addition and substitution reactions of benzene are exothermic. D- Both addition and substitution reactions of benzene proceeds through two transition states. E- The substitution product is more stable than the addition product due to the stability of the aromatic ring.
How do addition reactions differ from substitution reactions? Why do you think benzene can only undergo substitution reactions and not addition reactions?
Consider the reaction in the attached picture: 1. What type of reaction is involved? a. Addition Reaction b. Elimination Reaction c. Substitution Reaction 2. The intermediate product B and final product C are ________ and ______, respectively. a. carboxylic acid and ketones b. alcohol and ketone c. alcohol and aldehyde d. none of the above 3. The intermediate product B and final product C are ________ and ______, respectively. a. propenol and propanone b. propanol and acetone c. propanoic acid and propanone d. none of the above 4. Reaction A to form B is an example of ______, while from B to form C is a _________. a. rearrangement and elimination b. oxidation and rearrangement c. elimination and oxidation d. none of the above
Benzene’s unusual properties is not limited to hydrogenation. Which one is true about reaction of benzene with Br2? I. Does not undergo addition reactions typical of other highly unsaturated compounds II. Benzene does not react with Br2 to yield addition product III. In the presence of a Lewis acid, bromine substitutes for a hydrogen atom yielding a substitution product IV. A substitution product still contains a benzene ring
Consider the reaction in the attached picture: 1. The reaction is an example of ______. a. Addition reaction b. substitution reaction c. elimination reaction 2. The reaction shows _________ a. Oxidation of alcohol to produce an alkene b. Dehydration of alcohol to produce an alkyne c. Dehydration of alcohol to produce an alkene
What is a hydrocarbon? What is the difference between a saturated hydrocarbon and an unsaturated hydrocarbon? Distinguish between normal and branched hydrocarbons. What is an alkane? What is a cyclic alkane? What are the two general formulas for alkanes? What is the hybridization of carbon atoms in alkanes? What are the bond angles in alkanes? Why are cyclopropane and cyclobutane so reactive? The normal (unbranched) hydrocarbons are often referred to as straight-chain hydrocarbons. What does this name refer to? Does it mean that the carbon atoms in a straight-chain hydrocarbon really have a linear arrangement? Explain. In the shorthand notation for cyclic alkanes, the hydrogens are usually omitted. How do you determine the number of hydrogens bonded to each carbon in a ring structure?
. With very reactive agents, such as the halogen elements, alkanes undergo reactions, whereby a new atom rep laces one or more hydrogen atoms of the alkane.

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