Why does the sodium pump (Na^+, K^+-ATPase) contribute to the net negative charge of the interior of the cell, but the Gastric H^+, K^+-ATPase does not?
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- The catabolic enzyme alpha-amylase is active in some parts of the digestive system but not in others. What property of aqueous solutions controls its level of activity and how? If this property was out of the normal range in the areas of the digestive system where the enzyme is normally active, how would the catabolism of the substrate of alpha-amylase be affected?The concentration of acid in the gastric lumen is itself an important determinant of the rate of acid secretion. Explain why?During absorption in the small intestine, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide both enter the enterocyte by _____________________. only active diffusion both facilitated and passive diffusion only passive diffusion only inactive transport
- • Since pepsin is a gastric enzyme, does it have an acidic or alkaline optimum pH? • What happens to pepsin when it enters the duodenum of the small intestine?What are the four factors that regulate the gastric secretions and thus emptying and explain how the liver, gallbladder and pancreas are involved In this process ?How would removal of 95% of the stomach (subtotal gastrec-tomy) to treat severe ulcers or cancer affect digestion andabsorption? How would the patients have to alter eating hab-its? Why? Do you think that people should have this type ofsurgery to treat life-threatening obesity?
- In which part of the alimentary canal does bile enter?When a protein folds into its tertiary structure how does the primary structure change ? What is the end result of renin-angiotensin aldosterone system raas activation?About protein digestion what activates the zymogens in pancreatin specifically trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen , Procarboxypeptidase, carboxypeptidase and aminopeptidase in protein digestion? Please explainFood digestion occurs in much the same way in all vertebrates and many invertebrates. Which describes this common process?
- What type of reaction must take place in order for chemical digestion to occur?People who experience malabsorption frequently have the most difficulty digesting Considering the differences in , carbohydrate, and protein digestion and absorption, you offer explanation?Approximately how much fluid is secreted into the gastrointestinal tract each day compared with the amount of food and drink ingested? How much of this appears in the feces?