Why is the genetic code a degenerate code? What iswobble and how does it accommodate fidelity in thegenetic code?

Q: What is the name given to study of biochemical nature of genes and how genes express their encoded…

A: Genes are the sequence of nucleotide bases present in the DNA in a cell. There are many genes in the…

Q: Which amino acid(s) have the most codons? Which amino acid(s) have the fewest codons? Can you think…

A: A codon is a sequence of three DNA or RNA nucleotides that corresponds with a specific amino acid or…

Q: What is meant by “Universality and Degeneracy” of the Genetic Code? What is the significance of the…

A: DNA have four bases, A, T, G and C, and proteins are made up of 20 different amino acids. Thereby…

Q: What is PCNA?  What is processivity and is it affected by PCNA?  How?

A: Some common features of PCNA include- PCNA sliding clamp ring is highly conserved, all PCNAs are…

Q: What does it mean when we say that the genetic code contains degeneracy? Discuss the universality of…

A: After the process of Transcription, when a small segment of DNA is transcribed into a strand of…

Q: What would be the modifier to add to this HCPCS code?

A: HCPCS Level II codes are a combination of alphabets and numerals assigned to medical services,…

Q: Why will a mistake in the RNA code alone not become a mutation?

A: A change in the genetic code is called a mutation when it becomes a permanent part of the genome of…

Q: Why is only one strand transcribed, and is the same strand of DNAalways transcribed?

A: DNA (Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid) is the genetic material in all the prokaryotes are eukaryotes. DNA is…

Q: What does “Universality and Degeneracy” of the Genetic Code mean? State the significance of both the…

A: The genetic code is said to be nearly universal. It means that a given codon specifies the same…

Q: What are the functions of start and stop codons? Giveexamples.

A: Genetic code is the sequence of nucleotides in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid…

Q: In general, explain how epigenetic modifications are an important mechanism for developmental…

A: Epigenetic modifications, in general, involve reactions or processes that alter chromatin structure…

Q: the translate on the mRNA in 5'AAA-AAA-AAA-AAA-AAA3' is?

A: Introduction :- In molecular biology , different processes of gene expression is studied , these…

Q: Occurrence of each codon on human transcriptome?

A: Replication, transcription , and translation are the three main processes that cells use to preserve…

Q: What are the known exceptions to the genetic code?

A: Genetic code:  Genetic code is the term wherein each three nucleotides (out of four) in a row is…

Q: Why transposons are called jumping genes?

A: A sequence of DNA sequence that has the ability to move or insert itself at a new location in the…

Q: Can exons be non coding?

A: The DNA is the information hub of the cell that contains instructions in the form of genes to…

Q: Describe the molecular steps by which polycomb group complexescause epigenetic gene silencing.

A: The PcG protein complex (Polycomb group) is one of the two protein complexes involved in the…

Q: Given a sequence of a DNA coding strand:     5’-ATGATTATCCTATAG-3’ What is the sequence and…

A: The synthesis of m RNA from DNA is called transcription.

Q: What do you mean by cross-exon recognition complex ?

A: CROSS - EXON RECOGNITION COMPLEX : The sequence of DNA present in mature messenger RNA some of which…

Q: Describe in general terms the histone code hypothesis

A: The Histone code is a hypothesis where a DNA  encodes the genetic information of transcription which…

Q: Why is it advantageous to have a mechanism to override the effect of stop codons in protein…

A: In the central dogma,  the Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is formed from the template of Deoxyribonucleic…

Q: how is The Genetic Code Is Almost,but Not Quite, Universal?

A: The genetic code is the set of rules used to translate information encoded within the messenger…

Q: what is the definition of epigenome

A: Epigenetics is the study of how modifications to DNA and histones influence gene expression.…

Q: What is meant by the term histone code? With regard to gene regulation, what is the proposed role of…

A: The mechanism that acts to suppress or induces the gene expression is called gene regulation. These…

Q: Why can the genetic code be qualified as a “degenerate code”?

A: The genetic code is referred as the nucleotide sequence of nitrogenous base, which specifies the…

Q: What codons are used and with what frequency?

A: mRNA is translated to form proteins. mRNAs contain trinucleotides sequences that are called codons.…

Q: Define the pre-mRNA & mRNA spliceforms of Mutuallyexclusive exons ?

A: A gene is the essential physical and functional unit of heredity. They are comprised of DNA…

Q: What is meant by the statement “The genetic code is universal”? What is the significance of this…

A: DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid that contains genetic information. Gene is a segment of DNA that can…

Q: Suppose that codons consisted of 4 nucleotides instead of 3 and that there were only 2 different…

A:

Q: How would the deletion of the Shine–Dalgarno sequence affect a bacterial mRNA?

A: A ribosomal binding site is a sequence of nucleotides upstream of the start codon of an mRNA…

Q: What causes exon shuffling?

A: Exon shuffling is a molecular mechanism for the formation of new genes. It is a process through…

Q: Which of the following are elongation factors involved in the attachment of new aminoacyl-tRNAs?…

A: During translation protein synthesis occurs from RNA. The sequence of nucleotides in RNA act as code…

Q: Why Noncoding RNAs is important for Posttranscriptional Regulation ?

A: A non-coding RNA is an RNA molecule that does not code for any protein and is not translated into a…

Q: Why did geneticists believe, even before direct experimental evidence was obtained, that the genetic…

A: The amino acid sequence of proteins is determined by the sequence of nucleotides in deoxyribonucleic…

Q: What is meant by the term ‘redundancy’ in the context of the genetic code?

A: Genetic codon are the triplet of nitrogenous base pairs. These codon help code amino acids. We know…

Q: Are anticodons only AAG? or, do they have different sequences?

A: Anticodons are present on transfer RNA or tRNA.The tRNAs are attached with specific amino acids and…

Q: If the coding region of a gene (the exons) contains 2,100 base pairs of DNA, would a missense…

A: A missense mutation causes change in a single nucleotide. The resultant codon codes for an amino…

Q: What is the effect of acetylation of a lysine residue on the charge of a histone protein? Of lysine…

A: DNA methylation and lysine modifications comprise major epigenetic processes on chromatin, which…

Q: what is Conservation of the genetic code?

A: DNA is the genetic material that carries genetic information in the form of coded nucleotide…

Q: The coding sequences of Gene F and Gene G are shown by the double-stranded DNA below. What is the…

A: The coding sequence of the Gene F and G are given as                                        5'…

Q: What would be the minimum length(approximate number of bases) of an mRNAthat coded for a protein 300…

A: To determine: To determine the required minimum length of an mRNA that is coded for a protein of 300…

Q: Why mRNA is much more variable in its 3-dimensional shape than is DNA? does there is implications of…

A: Introduction  DNA and RNA are the main genetic material found in all the species irrespective of…

Q: Any mutation inside or outside a coding regionthat reduces or abolishes protein activity in one of…

A: It is one of the types of mutations subclassified on the basis of the effects on the function of…

Q: Discuss evidence that the genetic code is almostuniversal, and cite some exceptions.

A: Genetic code is defined as a set of rules that decodes the information from DNA into a protein. A…

Q: What is meant by the term chromatin remodeling? Describe the importance of this process to…

A: Chromatin remodeling:It is the chromatin rearrangement from a condensed condition to a…

Q: Why Most Genes in HeterochromatinRegions Are Silenced?

A: Chromatin is the DNA packed with its packaging proteins.

Q: What is the concept of universality of the genetic code? What are the exceptions to this…

A: As we know that there are four nucleotide bases i.e. the A, T, G, C which are arranged in the form…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.