Q: What type of repair system would cells most likely use to repair DNA with a deaminated adenine?
A: The spontaneous alteration of the DNA base pairs is needed to undergo the process of DNA repair.…
Q: How is the mRNA strand altered during mRNA processing (the intermediate step between transcription…
A: DNA is the genetic material of individuals which undergoes replication, then forms RNA through the…
Q: What is RNA interference, and why is it important?
A: RNA interference: - It is a gene regulatory system, which is used as to silent particular gene. RNAi…
Q: Why is it important to put regulatory mechanisms in place at specific portions of the pathway from…
A: The flow of the information takes place from DNA to the proteins. Proteins act as structural…
Q: Considering prokaryotes, what is the enzyme that removes the RNA primer and replaces it with newly…
A: RNA primer is used in initial priming to then later on DNA ligase can not seal the nick between the…
Q: How does translation in prokaryotes begin before transcription ends?
A: The process of protein synthesis is accomplished through translation. The translation is a process…
Q: If the nonsense mutation is in the last exon of the mRNA, the result would be:
A: Exons are sections of an RNA transcript, that code for a protein. Exons are separated by non-coding…
Q: Why is TBP considered to be a universal transcription factor?
A: The TATA-binding protein is a general transcription factor that binds specifically to a DNA sequence…
Q: What role does a stalled RNA polymerase play in transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair
A: The transcription coupled nucleotide excision repair (TCR) pathway preferentially repairs DNA damage…
Q: Why would a mutation in a somatic cell of a multicellular organism escape detection?
A: Mutations that likely occurred in a somatic cell are not supposed to be transferred to its next…
Q: What are Activator (Ac) mutations ?
A: There is a need for several proteins and enzymes in the process of transcription. It is studied…
Q: What is the relationship between SOS repair mechanism and resistance to antibiotics? Explain
A: Antibiotic resistance is developed by the transfer of the gene responsible for causing resistance to…
Q: Why do we convert RNA to cDNA?
A: RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a polymeric molecule and essential in different biological functions such…
Q: What role does DNA methylation play in mismatch repair?
A: DNA methylation is a biochemical process, in which a methyl group is added to the nucleotides of…
Q: What is an operon? How does it work?
A: The molecular biology processes have a great significance in gene manipulation. The processes of…
Q: What repressors do?
A: DNA is the genetic material present within the nucleus in the cell. It maintains the heredity of the…
Q: What are some of the potential consequences of failure of signal termination?
A: Cell signaling also known as bio signaling that is very important process to under the transit of…
Q: What are insertion and deletion mutations? Why might they be harmful to a cell?
A: The mutation is the sudden deleterious effects in the DNA sequences, they can arise when the DNA is…
Q: One reason mutations are so problematic is that bacterial cells have no ability to repair a mutation…
A: Mutation is the process that involves a change in the normal DNA sequence. It can result from…
Q: Why do you think the DNA must be unzipped before it is transcribed into messenger RNA?
A: Gene expression is a complex biological mechanism that involves the production of mRNA and proteins…
Q: How does DNA polymerase prevent mutations
A:
Q: In mismatch repair, how does the cell "know" which strand is the correct strand and which strand is…
A: During DNA synthesis, DNA polymerases keep checking their work and keep fixing the majority of…
Q: What is the effect of lacI- mutations?
A: The lactose operon or lac operon is an inducible operon system under dual – positive and negative…
Q: Why is it important for a transcription factor/activator to have a high affinity for a specific DNA…
A: Transcription is a metabolic process in which DNA sequence of the gene is copied into an RNA…
Q: Why would telomerase be considered a reverse transcriptase?
A: Telomerase: It is also known as a terminal transferase. A telomere present on the end position of…
Q: Movement of DNA Transposons IsCatalyzed by what?
A: The sequence of DNA that is capable of moving from one position to another in a genome is termed as…
Q: Errors can occur in any of these processes when an incorrect nucleotide or amino acid is added…
A: The term DNA replication is associated with the process of duplicating DNA, which acts as the…
Q: Why can translation in prokaryotes begin before transcription ends?
A: Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms. They consist of the domains Bacteria and Achaea. The…
Q: A mutant bacteria has been found which lacks all DNA methylation enzymes. How would this mutation…
A: The nature of the specific strand and the distinct specificity of the methyl-directed variance are…
Q: What is reverse transcription simple definition?
A: The process by which generation of new proteins in a cell takes place is known as protein synthesis.…
Q: "The mechanism does not recruit a homologous region of DNA during repair". Explain this ?
A: Introduction DNA repair is a set of procedures that a cell uses to detect and repair damage to the…
Q: How would you make a copy of DNA from an mRNA transcript,what is this molecule called, and how would…
A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…
Q: What are similarities and differences between the transcription process and the replication…
A: Genome is the total DNA contained in an organism. Genome contains information to maintain and build…
Q: How would a mutation in E. coli make the lac operator unable to bind the active repressor to affect…
A: Numerous factors may result in mutations. Certain mutations appear to occur naturally, with no…
Q: What is the difference in the requirement for a primer in RNA transcription compared to DNA…
A: DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one…
Q: What is the relationship between the rpoS gene and the SOS repair mechanism? Briefly explain.
A: In response to the severe DNA damage; many cells have the mechanism which enable them to synthesize…
Q: Why does histone deacetylase action tend to repress transcription?
A: Transcription is the process of producing messenger RNA. This mRNA synthesizes proteins which is…
Q: What does colchicine do to the cell's size and how does it cause mutation to cells?
A: Colchicine are generally called as anti-gout agents, which works by arresting the natural processes…
Q: Describe some mutation repair mechanisms.
A: Mutations are the change in the genetic sequence of the individual due to external factors. If these…
Q: Why are suppressor tRNA mutations not lethal?
A: Mutation can be defined as the change in the DNA sequence. It may be harmful or beneficial. It is…
Q: Why is RNA synthesis not as carefully monitored for errors as is DNA synthesis?
A: A human cell can make 10-100 transcription error per second. where errors are a specific part of the…
Q: can cells tolerate errors made in transcription in comparison to errors made during DNA replication?
A: RNA polymerase lacks proofreading activity, so the probability of error is more than that of DNA…
Q: How do we know that DNA repair mechanisms detect and correct the majority of spontaneous and induced…
A: DNA can be defined as the deoxyribonucleic acid, which is the molecule that contains the genetic…
Q: What is meant by biotransformation?
A: The xenobiotics are foreign substances in the body. It includes drugs, processed food, food…
Q: Describe why cells require error-prone repair systems such as pol η, nonhomologous end-joining, and…
A: Most damage to DNA is repaired by removal of the damaged bases followed by resynthesis of the…
Q: How does KU proteins promote DNA repair during mitosis? Explain.
A: DNA repair It involves different processes through which a cell determines and rectifies the damage…
Q: What is Transduction?
A: Sexual reproduction involving the formation and fusion of gametes is absent in bacteria. However,…
Q: Why is alternative splicing beneficial?
A: The biological process that refers to the formation of a gene to able to code for multiple proteins…
Q: DNA methylation in mismatch repair
A: REPAIR PATHWAYS:- Both in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, there is a repair enzyme system to deal with…
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Solved in 2 steps
- Why is it essential for a cell to repair mutations in its DNA? What happens to the cell if the mutations are too severe?When DNA replication occurs over an apurinic site, what is the probability that a mutation will occur?What would happen if any of the stages involved in the translation of DNA to protein were altered/irregular? What effect will this modification have on the protein?