You are a research scientist studying miRNA processing. You currently know everything about thepathway except for one detail: whether Dicer resides in the nucleus or in the cytoplasm. You have anexperiment setup where you have a miRNA that completely complements the GFP (green fluorescentprotein) gene in a model yeast cell. You plan to mutate Exportin 5 and make it dysfunctional, then you willinject synthetic pre-miRNA either in its double strand form or its hairpin single strand form into the cell.Should you inject the synthetic pre-miRNA into the nucleus or the cytoplasm?a)b)If you inject hairpin single stranded pre-miRNA into the appropriate location in the cell, whatcolor do you expect the yeast to be if Dicer is in the nucleus? What color would the yeast be if Dicer is inthe cytoplasm? Briefly explain your reasoning.

Dicer is also known as helicase with RNase motif. It belongs to RNAse III family. Dicer cleaves…

Answered: You are a research scientist studying…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Which of the following is NOT true of miRNAs? A. Pri-miRNAs are processed by Drosha in the nucleus to form pre-miRNAs which are cleaved by dicer in the cytoplasm to generate a miRNA. B. miRNAs always lead to the degradation of their mRNA targets. C. miRNAs can be encoded within the vertebrate genome within introns and within intergenic regions. D. miRNAs can generally target more than one mRNA
Compare and contrast anti-miRNA oligonucleotides, locked nucleicacids (LNAs), and antagomirs, which may eventually be used to treat certain forms of cancer.
You are a researcher studying the genetic effects that lead to breast cancer. You discover a new miRNA that is highly expressed in breast cancer cells as compared to normal breast cells. So you plan an experiment to see what happens to the breast cancer cells when the gene for this new miRNA is deleted. When you delete the gene for this miRNA in these cells, you observe that the rate in which the breast cancer cells pass through the G1-S checkpoint of the cell cycle decreases, therefore slowly down the growth and division of these cells. You also notice that the rate of protein synthesis of BRCA1 is increased. Based on this information, which of the following statements would be supported by these results? a) The newly discovered miRNA likely binds to and blocks translation of the BRCA1 mRNA, therefore leading to less production of BRCA1 protein in breast cancer cells. As a result, these cells are more likely to enter S phase, followed by G2 and mitosis. b ) The newly discovered miRNA…
While miRNA response elements (MREs) may be located anywhere within an mRNA, they are most often found outside the coding region in the 5 or 3 UTR. Explain why this is likely the case given that miRNAs often target more than one mRNA.
MicroRNAs are small RNA molecules that bind to the 3′ end of mRNA and suppress translation . Some eukaryotic mRNAs have internal ribosome-binding sites downstream of the 5′ cap, where ribosomes normally bind. In one investigation, miRNAs did not suppress translation by ribosomes that had attached to internal ribosomebinding sites ). What does this finding suggest about how miRNAs suppress translation?
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) ____________________. (select all that apply) Group of answer choices are produced from a precursor miRNA transcript. Are solely derived from double-stranded RNA viruses control gene expression by base-pairing with DNA sequences can degrade RNAs by using their intrinsic catalytic activity
What is miRNA replacement therapy? Describe three examples of this treatment approach.
Molecules in higher eukaryotes that are directly involved in gene silencing include all of the following except a. miRNA b. argonaute c. microprocessor d. glycosylase
MicroRNAs are small RNA molecules that bind to the 3′ end of mRNA and suppress translation . Some eukaryotic mRNAs have internal ribosome-binding sites downstream of the 5′ cap, where ribosomes normally bind. In one investigation, miRNAs did not suppress translation by ribosomes that had attached to internal ribosomebinding sites (R. S. Pillai et al. 2005. Science 309:1573–1576). What does this finding suggest about how miRNAs suppress translation?
Do you think it would be easier to mutate the GR receptor or treat someone with a miRNA to overcome the negative aspects of the stress response? Why?
The number of microRNAs encoded by the genome varies widely among organisms: some species have many miRNA genes and other species have relatively few. Researchers have determined the number of miRNA genes possessed by different species and have made the following observations: Q. The number of miRNA genes found on a chromosome is not correlated with chromosome length. In other words, longer chromosomes do not necessarily have more miRNA genes.
miRNA is distinct from siRNA solely because: Question 9 options: miRNA is always an imperfect complement while siRNA is always a perfect complement. miRNA encodes for a protein, whereas siRNA targets viruses. Argonaute chooses the miRNA strand to be used to target RNAs, while Dicer chooses the siRNA strand to used to target RNAs. Dicer chooses the miRNA strand to be used to target RNAs, while Argonaute chooses the siRNA strand to used to target RNAs. miRNA is from an endogenous source (e.g., encoded in chromosomal DNA) while siRNA is from an exogenous source (e.g., an RNA virus).

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