You have been asked to engineer a protein (which is not an immunoglobulin) that is capable of binding to a given protein target. Devise a strategy and discuss the main molecular screening approaches required.
Q: cell per day. Explain the DNA repair mechanistic steps that can remove uracil and repair the DNA…
A: Uracil in DNA results from deamination of cytosine,resulting in mutagenic U:G mispairs ,and…
Q: 13. Which of the following muscles are responsible for regulating the movement of foods into the…
A: 13.During digestion process stomach has a very important role.There are many muscles which can…
Q: In Dr. Kettlewell's peppered moth experiment, what was the IV? Question 3 options: The moths…
A: Dr. Kettlewell put bright and dark moths upon that trunks of trees in order to witness bird feeding…
Q: 5. What is the size of coronavirus (any black arrow)? Scale bar = 100nm 7cm 70AM sonm 1cm
A: Introduction A microscope is an instrument by which we can observe very small object which we can…
Q: Discuss the trade-offs associated with the following life history traits: a. Metamorphosis b. Body…
A: Life history traits are the biological characteristics, such as physiology, behavior, and genetics…
Q: In Dr. Kettlewell's peppered moth experiment, what was the DV?
A: Dependant variables (DV): The variable being measured or tested in an experiment is known as the…
Q: Describe how histones including H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 play a critical role in DNA packaging.
A: DNA is a vital component of life and has multiple important functions that underpin the biology and…
Q: The cell identified by the BLUE arrow is the earliest and least mature in the series of formation.
A: Begin by scanning the bone marrow smear & found that some areas are stained & spread better…
Q: After birth, there is production and secretion of milk from the mother's mammary glands. a) Discuss…
A: Lactation is the mechanism by which milk is synthesized and removed in response to an infant sucking…
Q: Indicate which of the statements below is True or False. Enter 1 for True and 2 for False.…
A: Evolution is the process by which populations of living organisms change over time period. It is the…
Q: Place the following life stages in order from youngest (1) to oldest (5). glochidium in host…
A: Life stages These are defined as the different ages or stages one goes through in a normal lifetime.…
Q: Explain the multifaceted role of interferons as first responders to viral infection: What types of…
A: Introduction: - interferons usually belongs to the glycoproteins of low molecular weight. These…
Q: In your own words, restate the three tenets of cell theory
A: The cell theory was first proposed by scientists Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann in…
Q: Select all that are included in the model representation of scientific inquiry.
A: Scientific inquiry is a way of describing a problem and formulating explanations based on data…
Q: what is the role of gene duplication, whole genome duplication, transposable elements, and…
A: Genome evolution refers to the changes that occur in the genetic makeup of an organism over time,…
Q: Answer these questions that pertain to animal nutrition: a. Explain the effect of management and…
A: Feed additives are substances or mixtures of components that are added to the basic feed mix or…
Q: Which of the following number of products from the Krebs Cycle is a manifestation of 4 pyruvate…
A: The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle or tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, is a series…
Q: What is the fingerprint type shown below? *
A: The impression created by the papillary ridges on the tips of the fingers and thumbs is known as a…
Q: Phases of Identify each phase as Interphase, Mitosis or Meiosis For Interphase: identify as G1 or S…
A: The mechanism through which a parent cell splits into two daughter cells is known as cell division.…
Q: Explain the effect of the correction factor on the Kindsvater Notch calculation formula!
A: The Kindsvater notch calculation formula is used to calculate the natural frequency of a system with…
Q: Compare and contrast viral proteins with anti-immune system properties and their targets of…
A: Viral proteins are proteins produced by viruses using host DNA which cause infection in human body.…
Q: Discuss the role of each of these factors in the causation of the COVID 19 pandemic: zoonotic…
A: Coronavirus is a single-stranded RNA virus with an envelope. As suggested by the name, it is a…
Q: UT W V X Z Y Tree 1: YTWU V ZX Tree 3: Tree 1 is different from the others. Tree 3 is different from…
A: Introduction Phylogenetic tree is a type of branching diagram which is used to study the…
Q: QUESTION 1. what soils is most needed for strawberry?
A: Strawberries are widely grow hybrid garden specie. It is a juicy editable red fruit. They are belong…
Q: Which is INCORRECT regarding RAAS cascade? a. Renin levels increase in response to a drop in blood…
A: The Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) is an important part of the endocrine system that…
Q: In Oswald Avery experiment, two strains of pneumococcus bacteria were used to infect mice. Explain…
A: Oswald Avery Experiment: Oswald Avery's team demonstrated that DNA is the transformation agent, in…
Q: b) The nucleus The ribosome d) The golgi body e) The mitochondrion . Amylase is secreted by the: a)…
A: Enzymes are basically the proteins which have main function to speed up a metabolic or chemical…
Q: ompare and contrast gigantism and acromegaly. Discuss the differences in terms of age, aetiology,…
A: Gigantism and acromegaly are the conditions that are related to the growth hormone. Growth hormone…
Q: what nutrient strawberry really needs?
A: Strawberry belongs to rose family. Its fruit is a type of aggregate or multiple fruit.
Q: At a time before life existed on Earth, our planet's atmosphere contained extremely little or no…
A: The Air on Earth is the layer of a mixture of gases that together makes the "atmosphere", it acts as…
Q: Antispychotics are available as Long acting (depot) injections?
A: Antipsychotics are a group of psychotropic drugs that are mostly used to treat psychosis, which…
Q: Which of the following steps DO NOT occur in pyruvate oxidation? A. Addition of Co-A B. Oxidation of…
A: The pyruvate is produced as a end product in glycolysis. The glycolysis involves break down of…
Q: In the following experiment, what is the Independent variable and Dependent Variable?
A: An independent variable is a changeable variable that may be utilized to determine its influence on…
Q: Select a type of microscope and specimen preparation method to observe the following biological…
A: Cancer is one of those diseases which if not detected on time, will cost a life. So, accuracy,…
Q: Which area of nephron contains the organic anion and cation transporters? a. Proximal Convoluted…
A: The nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of Kidney. It is composed of bowman's…
Q: The component giving wood its stiffness in compression is a. lignin O b. extractives O c. cellulose…
A: This question explores the components that give wood its stiffness in compression. It looks at the…
Q: write for long term depression
A: INTRODUCTION : Long term Depression : It is also known as LTD. It is a mental condition or disorder…
Q: What type of succession is the case study, Surtsey Island, Iceland, in the image (primary or…
A: The term succession refers to a shift through period in the species content. The list of species is…
Q: determine the FoV in microns for all other objective lenses (4x,10x,40,100x) given that the diameter…
A: Diameter of the field of view (represent in mm) is the ratio of field number of eyepiece and…
Q: Bacteriophage P22 was used in generalized transduction experiments to infect the Salmonella…
A: Transduction can be defined as a genetic engineering method that involves the insertion of foreign…
Q: Describe various factors that affect plant growth (e.g. growth regulators, sunlight, nutrients,…
A: For growth and development, plants need light, water, oxygen, minerals, and other nutrients. In…
Q: What characteristics does yeast have that makes it a beneficial microbe for wine, bread, juices, and…
A: Yeast is a eukaryotic ,single celled microorganisms.It belongs to Kingdom fungi,and phylum…
Q: Please answer the case study below. Case Study 3: An 18-year-old man with no significant past…
A: This case study examines the presentation of an 18-year-old male with no significant past medical…
Q: Provide an example of a vaccine by including its type, its structure, how it was made, and how it…
A: Influenza vaccine Influenza vaccines are vaccines that are produced to provide immunity against…
Q: (a) (b) (c) (d) Calculate the missing values in the final column of the table. Plot the data in a…
A: The movement of solvent that is water from higher concentration towards no concentration through a…
Q: What are the differences between VASCULAR and NON-VASCULAR plants? What is the difference between a…
A: The vascular systems of vascular plants, which transport food and water, respectively, through…
Q: Explain how antagonistic muscles pairs work to produce movements at elbow.
A: Muscular system is a body system which play vital role in imparting movement to the body. There are…
Q: In the palpation method of indirect blood pressure measurement, only systolic pressure can be…
A: In the palpation method of indirect blood pressure measurement, only systolic pressure can be…
Q: The two telomeric loop structures are formed by invasion of the 3' single-strand overhang. Draw the…
A: The telomeric loop structures are essential for the replication and maintenance of chromosomes. They…
Q: Describe the three body types of Sponges and identify the class possessing the body type and its…
A: Sponges belong to the Phylum Porifera. These are considered cellular grade body which are…
1) You have been asked to engineer a protein (which is not an
immunoglobulin) that is capable of binding to a given protein target.
Devise a strategy and discuss the main molecular screening
approaches required.
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Hybridoma technology allows one to generatemonoclonal antibodies to virtually any protein. Why isit, then, that genetically tagging proteins with epitopes issuch a commonly used technique, especially since an epi-tope tag has the potential to interfere with the function ofthe protein?If I purchase a mouse anti GAPDH antibody what will it bind to?Explain how site-specific recombination of the κ light-chain gene increases antibody diversity.
- Describe three examples of how antibodies are used as reagents in cell biology and molecular biology.For an Immunoprecipitation experiment:The cellular extract contains a protein labeled with a fluorescent dye, which emits green fluorescence under UV light. Explain your observations in IP-1, IP-2, and IP-3 tubes by considering the interaction among antibody 1 (or antibody 3), the fluorescent-labeled protein, and the protein-A agarose beads.One strategy for vaccine development currently under investigation is the use of pathogen-derived T cell epitopes as a component of the vaccine. For viral pathogens, implementing this strategy involves scanning the predicted amino acid sequences of the viral proteins for likely peptide epitopes that would bind to MHC class I and MHC class II molecules. In addition to the complication of MHC sequence polymorphism in the human population, another complication of this strategy for peptide epitopes that would bind to MHC class II proteins is: The importance of viral proteins containing peptides that are cleaved into 8–10 amino acid long fragments. The ability of viruses to mutate their proteins to avoid MHC anchor residue sequences. The fact that long peptides (>13 amino acids) are rapidly degraded in cells. The fact that MHC class II proteins are intrinsically stable, even in the absence of binding to a peptide. The absence of defined sequence motifs that predict peptide binding to…
- If the heavy chain of an antibody is approximately 450 amino acids long, how much DNA would be required to encode 10° separate heavy chain genes?Regarding the production of recombinant monoclonal antibodies, it is CORRECT to state that: * (JUST ONE STATEMENT IS CORRECT) (A) Chimeric and humanized antibodies differ in relation to the percentage of sequence of the constant chain of molecules from the human genome (B) Chimeric antibodies are industrially produced by joining purified protein fragments of the Fab fraction of murine antibodies and the constant portion of human antibodies. (C) When using cells dependent on the DHF amplification system, we must use a vector containing the coding information of the light and heavy chains and another vector that contains the coding sequence of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (D)The industrial purification of monoclonal antibodies should preferably use an initial step based on the use of affinity columns, which will bind the antibodies by the Fc fraction (E) The use of amplification systems such as GS and DHFR has as main objective to make the production of monoclonal antibodies…Humanized monoclonal antibodies are best described as a. antibodies made in mice in which the mouse antibody genes have been replaced with human equivalents b. human antibodies in which the CDR loops have been replaced by mouse-derived CDRs of the desired specificity c. antibodies made in culture by human hybridomas d. antibodies containing mouse Fab regions of both the heavy and light chain and human Fc regions e. antibodies containing human Fab regions of both the heavy and light chain and mouse Fc regions.
- How does the formation of a colored product in the wells durin a ELISA ASSAY demonstrate characteristics of antigen-antibody recognition? How might concentration of antigen and/or antibody affect the formation of the blue color formation expected.When a mixture of different IgG antibody proteins are treated with the enzyme papain, each antibody is cleaved into three roughly equal size fragments. From each original antibody, two of the three fragments are identical to each other, and represent the ‘arms’ of the antibody ‘Y’. These fragments are known as Fab fragments. The third fragment is known as the Fc region, because this fragment will crystallize when purified. The reason a mixture of Fc fragments will crystallize is because: It is the only part of the antibody protein that can easily be purified at the high concentrations needed for crystallization. It has no disulfide bonds holding the domains together, as disulfide bonds will inhibit crystallization. It is the only fragment of the antibody that still has disulfide bonds, so it remains intact during the crystallization process. The Fc fragments of IgG are much more water soluble than the Fab fragments. All Fc fragments generated from a mixture of IgG molecules have the…why would there be some additional bands on an immunoblot that do not match the molecular weight of the targeted protein (LDH)? what could be the problem if LDH positive bands showed up that were smaller than the normal size of LDH? how about if they were 2X larger?
