Bellman equation

Introduction Many physical phenomena in stationary condition such as electrical and magnetic potential, heat conduction, fluid flow and elastic problems in static condition can be described by elliptic partial differential equations (EPDE). The EPDE does not involve a time variable, and so describes the steady state of problems. A linear EPDE has the general form as presented in Eq. (1), where a,b,c are coefficient functions, the term f is a source (excitation) function and u is the unknown variable

SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND PERSONALITY, 2004, 32(8), 783-790 © Socieiy for Personality Research (Inc.) CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN SHOPPING CENTER CHOICE VEYSEL YILMAZ Osmangazi University, Eski^ehir, Turkey This study was designed to research factors which consumers consider when choosing a shopping center and to develop a suggestion model for shopping center choice. First a questionnaire about choosing a shopping center was fonned. Then the questionnaire was given to 300 randomly chosen consumers and

\cite{212,213} and Zhang et al. \cite{214} adopted the local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) method to solve convection diffusion equations and analyzed the corresponding superconvergence properties. On the other hand, non-symmetric discontinuous Galerkin method with interior penalty (the NIPG method), originally designed for elliptic equations, is analyzed by Zarin and Roos \cite{87} for convection–diffusion problems with parabolic layers. A disadvantage of DG method is that the method

Introduction Vendor Performance analysis is the formal process of running supplier dealings, measuring performance and driving continuous improvement with a company’s strategic suppliers. This tool was developed in order to measure, analyze, and manage an organizations performance with effort to improve the relationships with suppliers, reduce cost, alleviate risk and drive continuous improvement. 1.1 Need for the study The companies can get good quality of raw materials on time with

Ways of Computing the Value of Alternative Projects When deciding whether to invest in a project an investor first will compare investment or sunk costs to the expected profit and based on this decision will decide what to do. Depending on the specifics of the project calculating of sunk cost and expected profit might be rather different and will play the main role in the decision to invest, wait and invest later or not to invest at all. More detailed consideration of the standard NPV rule:

Many financial instruments have exhibited mean reversion, such as US and global equities [1], commodities [2], foreign exchange rates [3] as well as volatility indices [19]. Moreover, some researchers have also found mean reverting process to be very useful in modeling the interest rate and default risk dynamics [20]. In financial industry, some practitioners even attempt to profit by constructing mean-reverting prices which are usually known as statistical arbitrage or pair trading. Statistical

A financial leverage ratio gives the stakeholders an understanding of the long-term affluence of a firm in the hospitality industry. This ratio measures a hotel’s ability to meet its long-term debt obligations. The debt ratio is total debt divided total assets. Hotels have a lot of long-term liabilities in the form of debt, along with current liabilities. A lot of long-term assets are needed to successfully run a hotel, and therefore long-term debt financing is also needed. The debt ratio is used

ARTICLE IN PRESS Technovation 26 (2006) 1244–1252 www.elsevier.com/locate/technovation An evaluation model of new product launch strategy Yi-Chia ChiuÃ, Benson Chen, Joseph Z. Shyu, Gwo-Hshiung Tzeng Graduate Institute of Business Administration, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan Abstract The objective of this article is to develop an empirically based framework for formulating and selecting a product launch strategy. Managers usually face Fuzzy

Journal of Retailing 80 (2004) 159–169 The influence of online product recommendations on consumers’ online choices Sylvain Senecal a,∗ , Jacques Nantel a,1 a HEC Montreal, University of Montreal, 3000 Chemin de la Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Que., Canada H3T 2A7 Abstract This study investigates consumers’ usage of online recommendation sources and their influence on online product choices. A 3 (websites) × 4 (recommendation sources) × 2 (products) online experiment was conducted with

NEGOTIATION Negotiation theory Last updated 9 months ago The foundations of negotiation theory are decision analysis, behavioral decision making, game theory, and negotiation analysis. Another classification of theories distinguishes between Structural Analysis, Strategic Analysis, Process Analysis, Integrative Analysis and behavioral analysis of negotiations. Individuals should make separate, interactive decisions; and negotiation analysis considers how groups of reasonably bright individuals