Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are diseases that result from a combination of physiological, genetic, behavioural or lifestyle and environmental causes (WHO, 2017). NCDs are not infectious and are not passed from one person to another. NCDs are also called chronic diseases because they tend to be diseases that have long durations. The global burden of NCDs accounts for about 70% of all global deaths annually (WHO, 2017). The burden of NCDs affects low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) disproportionately
Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases HIV or the Human Deficiency virus is like other viruses including the flu, but the one thing that makes this virus so different than any other is that the body is unable to clear this one out completely. Once someone is infected, there is no cure. Over time, HIV can also hide or mask itself in the body's cells. The cells within a person's body that fight off infection are called CD4 cells or T cells. HIV attacks these cells and copies or replicates itself inside
WHO Package of Essential Non-Communicable Disease Interventions An integrated and comprehensive approach to chronic care can help strengthen health systems and service delivery in SEAR nations. A feasible and action-oriented response to the underlying issues and challenges of NCDs is the WHO Package of Essential Non-Communicable Disease Interventions (WHO PEN) (WHO, 2010). This initiative is intended to be a starting point to address NCDs in primary care low-resource settings. The components of
The Office of Immunizations within the Bureau of Communicable Diseases in the Department of Public Health of State X and county public health agencies collect immunization data from public and private healthcare providers (O’Carroll, Yasnoff, Ward, Ripp & Martin, 2010). These two agencies currently do not have a uniform data standard for collecting and reporting immunization data. For example, if a school nurse needed to verify immunization records for a child new to the county or city, a paper
Vegetarian/Vegan Diets and the Prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases It is believed that those that partake in vegan and vegetarian diets have a healthier lifestyle than those that partake in omnivorous diets. Vegans and vegetarians are healthier in that they have a lower chance of getting diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. According to the authors of the academic article entitled, “Vegetarian Diets and Weight Status” these diseases are some of the most prevalent with the highest mortality
Introduction to Environmental Health: Communicable Disease-Scarlet Fever Introduction: Scarlet fever, also known as scarlatina, is an infection caused by Group A Streptococcus bacteria (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). It is spread from human to human through inhalation of droplets from the sneezing and coughing, eating or drinking using the same cutlery or glass, or through direct skin contact of an infected person (Duncan, 2015). Group A Streptococcus bacteria are often found
effects of inactivity on world’s major non-communicable diseases of coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, breast and colon cancers and short life expectancy various articles were reviewed across the globe to estimate how much disease could be altered if those inactive were to become active. Conservative assumption methods were used to calculate population attributable fractions associated with PI for each of the major NCDs, by country, to estimate how much disease could be altered if PI was eliminated
within a communicable disease. One such disease, gonorrhea, while often mentioned , is very dangerous and little is actually known about this condition. The purpose of this essay is to describe and discuss gonorrhea and the efforts to control it and limit its effects on healthy lives and lifestyles. This essay will identify the environmental factors related to this disease and explain some of the lifestyle choices, socioeconomic conditions and disease management all contribute to this disease. The essay
less than the United States. Mexico’s life expectancy average is 74.6 years and in the United States the average life expectancy is 78.8 years. The reason Mexico has a lower life expectancy has to do with the healthcare system and the non-communicable diseases like diabetes. It is the opposite in the United States; Mexican-Americans have a longer life expectancy than the Mexicans living in Mexico. About fifty million Mexicans are uninsured and Mexico is trying to fix that by creating a health care
Treatment of Non-Communicable or Chronic Diseases? David Arthur, MS, PA-S The term non-communicable disease refers to set of chronic, slowly progressing, long-duration illnesses that are not infectious and are responsible for more deaths globally than any other cause.1 In 2011, in most high and middle-income countries, non-communicable diseases were responsible for more deaths than all other causes combined.1 These same chronic diseases are also referred to as lifestyle diseases by some practitioners