Cortical bone

Introduction Rheumatic arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive disorder that commonly presents a group of mechanically related disorders concerning the degenerative nature of joints that is specifically affecting the articular cartilage and subchondral bone (1). Thus, causing a dip in the quality of life in RA patients. The aetiology for RA is unclear, however, a combination of hereditary susceptibility causes a reaction that causes severe inflammation in the synovial membrane (1). However, other factors

The causes, treatment and prevention of tennis elbow Tennis elbow which is known as lateral epicondylitis medically is a condition where the elbow’s outer part becomes tender and soft at the elbow (lateral epicondyle). The tendon and the muscles of the forearm usually become damaged due to its repetitive or continuous overuse and this condition leads to the tenderness and pain on the outer part of your elbow. This medical condition usually happens to people in the age brackets of 30 and 50 who are

Collagen is a fibrous protein which functions in the extracellular matrix and connective tissue. This protein strengthens and supports tissues in the body, such as bone, cartilage, skin, and tendons. Collagen 1 (alpha 1) is the most abundant type of collagen and is vastly distributed in connective tissue, except in hyaline cartilage. Type I collage is found throughout the body in the skin, tendon, vascular, organs, and it is responsible for strength and sturdiness. It is a triple helix formed by

Knee Replacement The most common complication is blood clots after the knee replacement surgery and can form in the first four weeks. Infection is the most serious complication since it can be a deep infection and requires removal of the knee replacement to fight the infection. The most important long-term complication is loosening and wear. This complication is due to the plastic plate wearing away and the knee becomes loose causing the patient pain and discomfort. New technologies and methods

be several different sources of heel pain, the most common is a condition called plantar fasciitis. What is plantar fasciitis? The plantar fascia is a tough, flat band of connective tissue that runs underneath the foot, attaching the heel to the bones of the foot. It helps coordinate the motions of the foot and ankle, and may also work as a shock absorber for the body. In plantar fasciitis, the fascia becomes swollen or irritated through injury or over-use, making it painful to walk. The band may

Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy (EDMD) - This is 1/9 types of muscular dystrophy, these diseases mainly affect your voluntary muscles. It’s named after Alan Emery and Fritz Dreifuss, physicians who first described this disease in the 1960s. EDMD is caused by gene mutations that cause the produce of proteins in the nuclear membrane of each muscle cell. Also it can be inherited in a number of ways, but each inheritance pattern usually has the same symptoms. EDMD usually shows itself by the age of

serious there are symptoms that you can notice. Some symptoms include: pain in the affected bone, limping, pain when lifting, and redness around area. Pain in the affected bone can come and go and the severity changes over time as well. Limping is caused by tumors in the legs, as the tumor grows it causes swelling and redness around area. Pain when lifting is also caused by tumors. Sometimes the first sign is a bone fracture. Some diagnostic tests include an X-ray, CT, or MRI, these tests can show the

degeneration of cartilage and bone in the knees is easily caused,

injury. It happens in the area where the collarbone attaches to the top of the shoulder blade (acromioclavicular joint, or AC joint). Repeated stress may cause tiny breaks (microfractures) on the end of the collarbone (clavicle). This leads to loss of bone cells in the end of the clavicle. This condition causes shoulder pain, especially when you lift an object over your head. Rest may relieve the pain. CAUSES This condition may be caused by repeated stress on the AC joint. RISK FACTORS This condition

intense pain and daily small actions that were not a problem before, will become impossible. Arthritis of the hand needs to be treated immediately because over time if treatment is not administer then it causes inflammation and distortion of this bones they lose there original shape and this becomes very painful. Early symptoms include feeling a dull or burning sensation. The pain however is the most prevalent symptom and it occurs during lifting of heavy objects. With time because the cartilage