Functional magnetic resonance imaging

functionally connected areas that shares information with each other. Functional connectivity is defined as the temporal dependency between spatially remote neurophysiological events (Aertsen et al., 1989; Friston et al., 1993). Different brain regions form a complex network wherein information is shared and processed continuously within structural and functional brain areas. This helps us in determining relation of functional connectivity to a human behavior and would eventually lead to understanding

Imaging Truth: Is Functional MRI the Future of Lie Detection? Humans have used deception and trickery as a means of protection, survival, and personal gain from the very beginning. At the primitive level this deception was required, for example, by using camouflage to catch prey. Move forward several thousand years, and human deception can result in massive profit gains, injury or death to others, and identity fraud, among many others. Across different civilizations a variety of techniques were

considering an accuracy of the polygraph test in order to detect deception that has limitation. Deceit detection should be more reliable by evaluating the function of the brain individually correlated to lying (Kozel et al, 2005). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the medical instrument, was altered to complete the missing pieces of the scientific puzzle. If fMRI can meet the standards of legal reliability, it will be the new aspect of lie detection (Langleben and Moriarty, 2013). The

surgery, incision of the skin, or any direct contact with the inside of the body. This type of imagery falls into two categories: Structural; this deals with the structure of the brain and aids the diagnosis of diseases (e.g. brain tumours) and Functional; this is used for neurological and cognitive research purposes, along with the diagnosis of metabolic diseases (e.g. Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s). Neuroimagery enables us to directly visualize the processing of information by the centres of the

range from being able to tell us where our brain is functioning during a task to allowing us to catch diseases such as cancer faster than ever before. This paper explores each neuroimaging machine; MRI, MEG, fMRI, PET, and EEG. Magnetic resonance imaging or MRI uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the organs and tissues within the body. The MRI creates 3D images of a section of the body being scanned, allows doctors to view the scan at all angles and all layers(Tests and

percent of this country’s health-care dollar is spent on diagnostic imaging (B. Moe, 2004). Doctors can get highly refined images of the body’s interior without surgery using MRI. By using strong magnets and pulses of radio waves to manipulate the natural magnetic properties in the body, this technique makes better images of organs and soft tissues than those of other brain scanning technologies. MRI is particularly useful for imaging the brain and spine, as well as the soft tissues of joints and the

Brain is highly metabolic and important organ of the body. Even though it weighs only 2% body weight, however, requires disproportionate amount (~20 %) of the total blood flow. Unprecedented fall in cerebral blood flow (CBF) would quickly lead to unconsciousness and, if sustained for longer period of time would result in brain damage and death. Therefore, CBF is tightly regulated in the brain, as it facilitates the delivery of essential substrates required for metabolism and removal of metabolic

recently, functional neuroimaging or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Despite decades of progress in fMRI

Prior to this technological peak, experts in psychology, psychiatry, and other fields related to behavior had to base their diagnoses and treatments in behavioral approaches. Studies such as positron-emission tomography (PET scan) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have helped clarify enigmas in relation to psychological problems, (Cordón, 2005). Studies have found that the brain is plastic: malleable and flexible. In other words, this great organ can change and adapt. The malleability

electro-physiologic studies do not determine exactly the site of muscle denervation (2). Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has an important role in detection and characterization of pathologic conditions of skeletal muscles that cause changes in muscle signal intensity. There are many conditions that may affect muscle signal intensity, such as inflammation, traumatic and neurologic conditions (3). Although the MR imaging findings of many conditions are similar, some distinct