Galaxy clusters

"starburst galaxies." Galaxies in general are basically billions of large independent groups of stars that exist in the universe. What sets a starburst galaxy apart from a regular galaxy is the fact that starburst galaxies have an exceptionally high rate of star formation inside of it. Some of these galaxies are so active that they are forming thousands of new stars every year, compared to the Milky Way producing about one star per year. This furious formation of stars typically happens when galaxies are

introduce the beginning phase of the Cluster Hiding in Plain Sight (\textit{CHiPS}) survey with the aim to discover new galaxy clusters surrounding bright point sources. We also present \textit{Chandra} observations of a newly discovered low-shift, z=0.2230, galaxy cluster with a central quasar, PKS1353-341. After removing the quasar brightness from the cluster core, we determine various properties of the cluster down to the center core. The average temperature of the cluster gas is $4.3\pm1.9$ keV with an

create open clusters, globular clusters exist as far greater spherical fashioned collections of aged stars that contain many low mass stars, sometimes numbering among the thousands. Globular clusters are more commonly found among a galaxy’s centre where the vast majority of stars are. It is thought that globular clusters arise from large gas clouds early in the creation of our universe and assist in the formation of greater galaxies. Omega Centauri Omega Centauri is a large globular cluster with an

atomic matter (stars and galaxies), 72 percent is made of dark energy and 23 percent is made of dark matter [1]. Ordinary matter is easily detected as it emits or reflects light but dark matter is an invisible entity so how do we know it even exists? Fritz Zwicky was one of the first astronomers to suspect the existence of dark matter through observations of the Coma Cluster, a galactic cluster. Zwicky determined the mass of the Coma Cluster using the velocities of galaxies and then determined the

large-scale structure, and they were able to conclude that the energy that keeps space flat is dark energy. Scientists are still trying to learn more about this mysterious energy. They conduct red-shift surveys of the galaxy clusters; a galaxy cluster is consisted of thousands of galaxies, dark matter, and hot gases, bound together by gravity.      When scientist conduct a red-shift survey, the electrons from the hot gases scatter off the protons and produce X-rays, which weaken

Imagine a mystical, invisible influential power, pulling our galaxy far, far away from where it should be. Imagine the milky way being pulled millions and millions of km away. The planets pulled far apart from each other. This would ensure a certain demise of current life forms, forever changing our world. This is the effect of dark flow. Fortunately this appears to be occurring in distant galaxies, however observations have concluding our galaxy is too being pulled away in a specific direction. This

In an attempt to discover more about compact ellipticals, an astronomer and his co-author made a shocking discovery. Alongside the discovery of runaway stars and star clusters, research has found that runaway galaxies also exist. These objects are considered runway due to the high speed movement and the velocity in which they escape and are caused by an important set of criteria. While not much is known about this newfound phenomena, researchers will continue to monitor and reach an understanding

The visible universe- including Earth, the sun, other stars, and galaxies is made of protons, neutrons, and electrons bundled together into atoms (National Geographic, 2012). Astronomers use the term ‘baryonic’ to refer to all objects made of normal atomic matter, essentially ignoring the presence of electrons (Swinburne University, 2015). Baryons interact with each other through gravity, nuclear forces and the electrostatic force. These interactions are what allow baryonic matter (such as stars)

measuring the motions of the Coma Cluster. Sean Carroll states that Zwicky began his measurements by "estimate(ing) how much mass there was in that cluster. Then he compared it to how much mass you could actually see by looking at the galaxies." (The Universe) The narrator continues by reporting that something was wrong with the calculations. "There should have been a hundred and sixty times more illuminated mass to account for the random speeds of galaxies in the cluster." (The Universe) Richard Ellis

humanities dawning intellect, it was a mere accident. The scientific community had no inkling that the universe was made up of more than what we can see until the 1930’s. A Swiss astronomer—Fritz Zwicky—was measuring the speed of the orbits of galaxies in the Coma Cluster (Ferris). His calculations indicated that the