Gamma-ray bursts

Cobalt-72, Cobalt-73, Cobalt-74, Cobalt-75 and Cobalt-76 (Jefferson Lab, n.d.). Co-60 is a synthetically produced radioisotope with a half-life of 5.27 years (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2014). It decays through beta particles and gamma radiation (CDC, 2005). Cobalt-60 decays into stable isotope, Nickel-60 through beta minus decay (radioactivity.eu.com, n.d.). SAFETY ISSUES Cobalt-60 can be very dangerous to human health. If ingested or inhaled, the majority of co-60 is excreted

and x-rays. Electromagnetic radiation covers a large spectrum of wavelengths, these waves of radiant energy have different usage according to their energy, in example; the rays from the sun, sunlight is vital to life on earth, radio waves allow us to communicate, microwaves allow us to cook our foods, infrared radiation provides us with warmth/heat, visible light illuminate and is also used essentially for growth of our trees, flowers, and the many foods we grow on earth, ultraviolet rays, which

types, however, is the type of radiation used. The most effective types include electron beam radiation, gamma ray radiation, and x-ray radiation. Electron beam radiation is the shortest in terms of time needed to irradiate the food, but it also does not penetrate very deep, only about half a centimeter. This type of ray radiation is used to merely disinfect things like wheat and some grains. Gamma ray radiation is the use of Cobalt-60 in most places to irradiate the food. In fact, this type of radiation

are made naturally and some are made unnaturally. Radioactive Cobalt-60 is not naturally made. It is formed when cobalt-59 is collided by a neutron making it the radioactive isotope (3). Cobalt decays to form Nickel-60. As it decomposes, it releases gamma radiation. Beta particles also occur when Carbon-60 decays (4). The nuclear

Isotopes is when the atom is unstable, it will attempt to gain stability by emitting radiation in one of the three main forms. A substance is radioactive when it emits this radiation. There are three types of radiation: α (alpha), β (beta) and γ (gamma) radiation: • Alpha Decay: is made of ‘helium nucleus’ (2 protons and 2 neutrons) that are ejected from unstable large nuclei. Alpha radiation usually results when there are too many protons and neutrons in the nucleus for it to be stable. For example

The concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K are measured in the material collected from two locations .The collected materials are analyzed using gamma ray spectrometry. The activity concentration of the naturally occurring radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in building material it varies from 12.6 to 121.4, 13.6 to 142 and 69.5 to 620.6 Bqkg_1, respectively. The radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose and hazard index are also calculated. Keywords Radionuclides, radiological

Nuclear power is one of the most controversial issues of today’s society. This stems from the fact that although nuclear power holds vast amounts of potential, it currently has many problems. One of the main problems is figuring out what to do with the waste. The waste itself is too dangerous to dispose of in any conventional way, so presently, most of it is sealed in concrete casks and put into storage (in bunkers) until it stops being dangerous. This might not seem like a bad idea at first, but

Radiation is the process of which energy is emitted either by particles or waves. (Radiation, n.d.) . Radioactive isotopes are chemical elements that have different masses and spare energy by emitting radiation in for of alpha, beta, and gamma rays. Gamma rays are photons with high energy and a very short wavelength of 0.0005 to 0.1nm. (What is Radioactivity? What is Radiation?, n.d.) Every chemical element has one or more radioactive isotopes, for example carbon, it has 3 isotopes with different

A heterogeneous beam of X-rays is produced by an X-ray generator and then it is projected toward the object. A certain amount of X-ray is absorbed by the object, which depends on the particular density and composition the object has. The X-rays that pass through the object, are captured behind the object by a detector. This detector can capture a 2D representation of all the object's

radiotracers before the exam. These are drugs that are injected, swallowed, or inhaled as a gas that emit radio waves from the area being scanned. During the exam the radiotracers give off tiny amounts of energy also known as gamma rays. Special computers detect the gamma rays and interpret them into pictures of the area examined. Nuclear medicine imaging differs from other exams in the fact that regular exams picture the structure and anatomy or the body. Nuclear medicine imaging focuses on the chemical