Gamma-ray bursts

Effects of Long Term Space Flight on Human Health One of the many concerns and challenges associated with space travel and long term space flight has been the impact and harmful effects on human health. The increased electromagnetic radiation, pressure, and lowered gravity collectively disrupt the way the human body typically functions back on Earth. These foreign environmental factors can lead to alteration of the blood vessels, cancer, muscle loss, mental health issues, and weakening of the bones

Radioactivity occurs when unstable atomic nuclei decompose to form nuclei with a higher stability. Energy and particles are released during the decomposition process causes radiation. There are three different types of radiation; alpha, beta and gamma. Alpha radiation is when an alpha particle, or helium nucleus, decays into an atom with a mass number that is reduced by four and an atomic number that is reduced by two. Idaho State University (2011) explained that beta radiation is when an electron

The main imaging equipment in nuclear medicine is gamma camera. A gamma Camera detects gamma rays emitted by a radiopharmaceutical in the patient’s body. The camera reveals the distribution of radioactive material in a patient and this distribution is determined by the uptake of radiopharmaceutical, which is dependent on the function of the body. For example, in bone scan, technetium-99 m is injected into the patient’s body, this travels through the blood, and it’s metabolised and accumulated in

Overview/Summary For this week’s discussion board, I chose to focus on selection number two, ionizing radiation effects on cells and tissues. “Ionizing radiation is radiation that produces immediate chemical effects on human tissue” (Perez 2013). Ionizing radiation exposure can be the result of industrial accidents, medical treatment, and radiological warfare. Alpha radiation (emitted from substances such as polonium-210) kills cells, “having the most effect on those that regenerate the most rapidly”

effects on society. Explain briefly how the applications work. Include some of the scientists involved in their discovery and development. Simply put radiation is energy or particles flying through space. Radiation comes in three forms Alpha, Beta and Gamma radiation, all three types have vastly different applications and levels of strength. The most common type of electromagnetic radiation used in the medical is known as ionising radiation, that form of radiation is far more powerful than non-ionising

liver, thyroid and bone cancer. Uses: 1. Technetium -99m is used to image the skeleton, heart muscles, brain, thyroid, lungs, and bone marrow. Technitium-99, is used as radioactive tracer which can be detected in the body by gamma cameras. Computers process the image when the gamma camera is rotated around the patient. It takes 15-20 seconds for each projection which are collected every three to six degrees and takes a total of 15-20 min for a total scan (Uses of Technetium-99m). 2. Myocardial perfusion

some common medical procedures. X-rays and gamma rays are some of the most common types of radiation used in imaging tests. These rays let health care providers create images of the organs and tissues inside the body to help them make a diagnosis. Radiation can also change cells and sometimes destroy them. Exposure to too much radiation can cause health conditions such as cancer. WHICH PROCEDURES INVOLVE RADIATION? Imaging tests that use radiation include: • X-rays. • Mammograms. • Bone density

composition of the metal. By analyzing the metal composition, the investigators can be informed about what weapon took the shot and even which company manufactured the shell. How has the use of X-ray crystallography and mass spectrometry advanced our understanding of atomic and molecular structure? S-ray crystallography is used to determine the arrangement of atoms within molecules. It uses a crystal

For this assignment I was fortunate enough to interview my uncle who’s a nuclear medicine Technologist BSN. He graduated in 2008. He has working in the hospital for over 6 years now and over the years he has gain an insurmountable amount of experience. Along with that came increase of pay. While interviewed him he elaborated on how they use medical imaging as radioactive isotopes, which relies on the process of radioactive decay to treat a diagnosis of disease, a patient might be having. He seems

to refer to the amount of radioactive materials released into the environment. 2.2.2) Radiation exposure unit: The exposure rate defined as the exposure per unit time. The special unit of exposure is the roentgen (R) defined as the amount of gamma ray and X- ray radiation that produced a charge of 1 electrostatic unit (esu) of charge per 0.001293 g (1cm3) of dry air at standard temperature and pressure (IAEA, 1989). The SI (stander international) units of exposure are coulomb/Kg of dry air.