Habsburg Monarchy

father’s death, Joseph, having very many difficulties, ruled as emperor, or co-regent with his mother, and died thinking he poorly accomplished his focuses. Joseph II, born in Vienna, Austria, on March 13, 1741, was a sole ruler of the Austrian Habsburg dominions. Joseph was the first son of his parents, Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria, and Francis Stephen of Lorraine, Grand Duke of Tuscany. He was baptized as Joseph Benedict Augustus Johann Anton Michael Adam. He had two siblings, his sister

Palatinate, the protestant groups formed a protestant union. The Protestant states wanted to gain more rights and weaken the empire by remaining independent. In response, some Catholic states formed the Catholic union in 1609 led by Bavaria. The Austrian Habsburgs wanted to completely eradicate Protestantism that was threatening the stability of their Empire. The tension between these two sides was what caused war to break out when the

In northern Europe after the Middle Ages, monarchies began to build the foundations of their countries that are still in affect today. During the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries these “New Monarchs” made many relevant changes in their nations. During the middle of the fifteenth century Europe was affected by war and rebellion, which weakened central governments. As the monarchies attempted to develop into centralized governments once again, feudalism’s influence was lessened. This “new”

Austria is a country from Europe continent geographically located at latitude and longitude of 48.1200° N, 16.2200° E, respectively. The country is bordered by the following nations; Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Liechtenstein, Slovakia, Slovenia and Switzerland. It is rich with historical information and artifacts, serene places and features, traditions and activities that are unique in the area. It is commonly associated with summer tourists who visit the historic cities and villages

Some regard nineteenth century France to be the France of Napoléon Bonaparte and, in the same respect, it can be argued that ancien régime France was the France of Armand-Jean du Plessis de Richelieu. Upon entering the French political arena, Richelieu was thrown amidst the struggles of international diplomacy, the devious schemes of the nobility, and the disgruntlement of the common people. Similarly, the unstable Florentine Italy which Niccòlo Machiavelli familiarized himself with led both these

With the expansion, they grew their fleet to surpass that of the Habsburgs, in which they had defeated them. The factors leading to the partition of Poland was ultimately between Russia, Austria, and Prussia. During the war of the Ottomans, Austria threatened Prussia that they would wage war against Russia because they

Elliot, J.H., Imperial Spain: 1469-1716. London: Penguin Books, 1963. 423pgs. In Imperial Spain, J.H. Elliot examines the history of early modern Spain from the reign of the Catholic Monarchs, Isabella and Ferdinand, to the reformation of the Spanish government by the first member of the Bourbon dynasty. According to the author, at the start of the 15th century, Spain was internally weak, hopelessly divided and isolated

1. The upmost important reason for economic and social problems that troubled Europe from 1560 to 1650 was an incredible inflation among other things. The Spanish empire brought tons of gold back to Europe and caused the value of gold to plummet. Since this was a situation that Europe had never experienced, they didn't understand it. More gold was supposed to be good, right? Suddenly prices started to rise for no reason. Also in Spain, unlike gold, there was very little silver being produced at the

Thirty Years War Philip, Spanish kings. Philip I (the Handsome), 1478-1506, king of Castile (1506), was the son of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I and Mary of Burgundy. He inherited Burgundy and the Low Countries from his mother and was titular joint ruler of Castile with his wife, Joanna. But her father ruled these lands as his regent, so he contested (1504) Ferdinand's regency and assumed (1506) joint rule of Castile with his wife. Philip's early death, however, and his wife's deteriorating

Introduction Schönbrunn Palace is a political, cultural, and artistic marvel as it stands today and during the period it was made and as it exists today. The building and all surrounding buildings are meant to be taken in as a whole, as if it were four walls of canvases each unique and significant while still being part of the room. Schönbrunn is seen as a Gesamtkunstwerks. It was meant to out shine Versailles Palace in France. (5,6) From the height of the Hapsburg Empire to the present, the