Sialic acid

occurs in the absence of oxygen molecules also known as an anabolic reaction. It is a process of glycolysis in which sugar molecules are used to create ATP. Fermentation has many forms the two most known examples are lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation (Cressy). Lactic acid fermentation is used in many ranges from food production such as bacteria to its use by fatigued muscles in complex organisms (Cressy). When experimenting with organisms such as yeast which was done in this experiment you follow

experiment is to successfully perform a dehydration of 1-butanol and 2-butanol, also dehydrobromination of 1-bromobutane and 2-bromobutane to form the alkene products 1-butene, trans-2-butene, and cis-2-butene. The dehydration reactions react under and acid-catalysis which follows an E1 mechanism. It was found that dehydration of 1-butanol yielded 3.84% cis-2-butene, 81.83% trans-2-butene, and 14.33% 1-butene, while 2-butanol is unknown due to mechanical issues with the GC machine. For the dehydrobromination

References. Acid Mine Drainage. (2006). EPA. Retrieved August 2, 2013, from http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/nps/acid_mine.cfm

Lab 1: Acid/Base Properties of an Antimicrobial Agent 09/03/13 Purpose The purpose was to determine the acid and base properties of the antimicrobial agent sodium benzoate. Theory Sodium has mainly been used in food processing to avoid growth of bacteria and harmful microorganisms. It is commonly used to preserve foods and beverages that have an acidic pH. Rather than benzoic acid, sodium benzoate is used because it is generally soluble in most aqueous solutions but benzoic acid is not

be very dangerous and we might never know. Soaps and detergents are one of those things. Acids and bases are everywhere but, there are two specific types: Sulphuric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide which we use on a regular day bases. An acid classifies a wide range of materials including Sulphuric acid and bases Sodium Hydroxide. When manufacturing soaps they use Sodium Hydroxide, and detergents use Sulphuric Acid. But these two can be very poisonous, and there are many symptoms that may happen, some even

The graph shows the pH value of acid rain water affecting crops in Vietnam. The two bar charts represent two different places in Vietnam: Hoa Binh and Ha Noi. The graph proves that the frequency of rain with below a pH of 5 is more frequent than above 5. This pH value results in the crops growing less. Like Vietnam, Canada is also facing issues with acidic deposition. A case study done by un.org claims that ‘The North American Maple is dying at a rate of 2.3% for each 100 exceedance units due to

The purpose of this lab was to investigate how the concentration of ammonia affects the formation of coacervates. It was hypothesized that as the ammonia concentration increase, so will the number of coacervates until it reaches the optimal state, then would start to decrease. For this experiment 4 mL of gum arabic solution (carbohydrate) was mixed with a gelatin solution (protein) and was placed under a microscope to observe the number of coacervates. According to Oparin, combining organic macromolecules

Table 2. Shows the 10 groups results of the rate of change in g/s with the average rate displayed along with the standard deviation. As shown the average rate is within negative 0.000293 and positive 0.001740. From this table we can confirm that there have not been outliers in the results, outliers could come down to the results of errors on the practical. These errors could be caused by incorrect use of equipment, fluctuations in the solution or difference in eggs used. At a zero concentration the

This experiment investigates the effect of stomach acid at different pH levels on the solubility of metformin hydrochloride tablets. According to my results, the metformin hydrochloride tablets dissolved at a faster rate in the simulated stomach acid with less alcohol, and therefore, more acidic. This conclusion, proves the hypothesis stated above. As predicted, the simulated acid with less traces of alcohol was a more suitable environment for the medicine to dissolve at a faster rate. Consequently

The pH of different liquids before and after they are filtered Problem Does filtering different liquids cause the pH to change? Hypothesis: The pH of the dirty water and the salt/bicarb soda/sugar water will change the most drastically when they are filtered. Aim: To investigate the effectiveness of a natural water filter on the pH of different liquids. Materials: • Green Science Clean Water Kit (includes plastic filter system, active carbon, sand, rocks, and filter paper) • pH Indicator